Article 21 of the Constitution guarantees every person the right to life or personal liberty. But what good is such a right if it means being under surveillance and subjected to domiciliary visits at night? This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at how courts interpreted Article 21. Just as a reminder: in the AK Gopalan case, the state upheld the preventive detention law under which Gopalan was detained. What happened though when Kharak Singh challenged the UP police laws which authorized his surveillance. We also continue in our investigations into the privy purse and what the Supreme Court decided in the matter. 

On the privy purse:
Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). 

On sedition: 
Bhatia, Gautam, 2016, Offend, Shock, or Disturb: Free Speech under the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP).

On Kharak Singh and Article 21: 
Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP). 

You can follow Priya on social media:

Instagram: (https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/ )

Twitter: (https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp )

Linkedin: ( https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/ )

You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: https://ivm.today/android or iOS: https://ivm.today/ios, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured

Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.

We are @IVMPodcasts on Facebook, Twitter, & Instagram.

Follow the show across platforms: Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Gaana, JioSaavan, Amazon Music

Article 21 of the Constitution guarantees every person the right to life or personal liberty. But what good is such a right if it means being under surveillance and subjected to domiciliary visits at night? This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at how courts interpreted Article 21. Just as a reminder: in the AK Gopalan case, the state upheld the preventive detention law under which Gopalan was detained. What happened though when Kharak Singh challenged the UP police laws which authorized his surveillance. We also continue in our investigations into the privy purse and what the Supreme Court decided in the matter. 
On the privy purse:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). </li>
</ul>
On sedition: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Bhatia, Gautam, 2016, Offend, Shock, or Disturb: Free Speech under the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP).</li>
</ul>
On Kharak Singh and Article 21: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), <a href="https://oxcon.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198704898.001.0001/law-9780198704898">The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution</a>, (New Delhi: OUP). </li>
</ul>
You can follow Priya on social media:
Instagram: (<a href="https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/">https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/</a> )
Twitter: (<a href="https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp">https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp</a> )
Linkedin: ( <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/">https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/</a> )
You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: <a href="https://ivm.today/android">https://ivm.today/android</a> or iOS: <a href="https://ivm.today/ios">https://ivm.today/ios</a>, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at <a href="https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured">https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured</a>
Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.
We are @IVMPodcasts on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ivmpodcasts/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/IVMPodcasts">Twitter</a>, &amp; <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ivmpodcasts/?hl=en">Instagram</a>.
Follow the show across platforms: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/77OV5wa80oVebbHto6Okw1?si=1d2d4de2b5484b4b">Spotify</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/search/the%20longest%20constitution">Google Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/in/podcast/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/id1579232029">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://gaana.com/album/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza-season-1">Gaana</a>, <a href="https://www.jiosaavn.com/shows/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/2/cUslBdpm1ME_">JioSaavan</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.in/podcasts/cbdc4947-1bcc-4a42-84b0-38bed9e129fe/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza">Amazon Music</a>

What did those three hundred individuals who drafted the Indian Constitution want India to be? How far or close are we to achieving that radical vision of liberty, equality, and freedom shown by BR Ambedkar? These ideas sound great but what does it really mean to us, what is a constitution and how does it affect us as we go about living our lives? 

The Longest Constitution podcast is about the people of India and their Constitution. And achieving the constitutional vision of freedom, equality, and dignity, doesn't come without a fight. This show is not about just leaders and prime ministers, but husbands and wives, feminists and forest dwellers, dissidents, and lawyers. And it is up to us Indians to fight, debate, argue, and achieve these visions. 

Every week, The Longest Constitution, gives a small peek into what the ideals, provisions, and laws of our constitution mean. From taxes to language, Government to workplace, reservations to religious freedom, host Priya Mirza looks at the machinery of the Indian constitution, public rights, and ‘we the people'.

What did those three hundred individuals who drafted the Indian Constitution want India to be? How far or close are we to achieving that radical vision of liberty, equality, and freedom shown by BR Ambedkar? These ideas sound great but what does it really mean to us, what is a constitution and how does it affect us as we go about living our lives? The Longest Constitution podcast is about the people of India and their Constitution. And achieving the constitutional vision of freedom, equality, and dignity, doesn't come without a fight. This show is not about just leaders and prime ministers, but husbands and wives, feminists and forest dwellers, dissidents, and lawyers. And it is up to us Indians to fight, debate, argue, and achieve these visions. Every week, The Longest Constitution, gives a small peek into what the ideals, provisions, and laws of our constitution mean. From taxes to language, Government to workplace, reservations to religious freedom, host Priya Mirza looks at the machinery of the Indian constitution, public rights, and ‘we the people'.

This podcast is about people and the Indian constitution. And achieving the Constitutional vision of freedom, equality, and dignity, doesn't come without a fight. In each episode, we look at what is constitution and how it transforms our lives.

The Longest Constitution with Priya Mirza

This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at how courts interpreted Article 21. Just as a reminder: in the AK Gopalan case, the state upheld the preventive detention law under which Gopalan was detained.

Freedom from Surveillance

In the end, Maneka Gandhi did not in fact get her passport. But we end this year’s introspection into constitutional matters with a landmark case: Menaka Gandhi vs. Union of India, 1977. Gandhi’s passport was impounded in ‘public interest’. While this followed statutory regulations, that’s the Passport Act, 1967, the question was, did this conform to natural justice? The Longest Constitution examines what due process really means, as well as look at why 1971 was a year that set several things into motion, such as the passage of the Maintenance of Internal Security Act, 1971, a tool for the government during Emergency, as well as the year when Raj Narain filed a petition challenging Indira Gandhi’s election in the Allahabad High court. 

Reading material:

On electoral malpractices and Emergency: 
Bhushan, Prashant, 2017, The Case that Shook India: the verdict that led to the Emergency,  New Delhi: Penguin Random House. 
Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). 

On preventive detention laws and MISA:
Singh, Ujjwal Kumar, 2007, The State, Democracy and Anti-Terror Laws in India, (New Delhi: Sage Publications). 

On Maneka Gandhi and due process: 
Chandrachud, Abhinav, 2016, ‘Due Process’, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP). 
Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP).

You can follow Priya on social media:

Instagram: (https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/ )

Twitter: (https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp )

Linkedin: ( https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/ )

Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.

We are @IVMPodcasts on Facebook, Twitter, & Instagram.

Follow the show across platforms: Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Gaana, JioSaavan, Amazon Music

In the end, Maneka Gandhi did not in fact get her passport. But we end this year’s introspection into constitutional matters with a landmark case: Menaka Gandhi vs. Union of India, 1977. Gandhi’s passport was impounded in ‘public interest’. While this followed statutory regulations, that’s the Passport Act, 1967, the question was, did this conform to natural justice? The Longest Constitution examines what due process really means, as well as look at why 1971 was a year that set several things into motion, such as the passage of the Maintenance of Internal Security Act, 1971, a tool for the government during Emergency, as well as the year when Raj Narain filed a petition challenging Indira Gandhi’s election in the Allahabad High court. 
Reading material:
On electoral malpractices and Emergency: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Bhushan, Prashant, 2017, The Case that Shook India: the verdict that led to the Emergency,  New Delhi: Penguin Random House. </li>
<li aria-level="1">Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). </li>
</ul>
On preventive detention laws and MISA: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Singh, Ujjwal Kumar, 2007, The State, Democracy and Anti-Terror Laws in India, (New Delhi: Sage Publications). </li>
</ul>
On Maneka Gandhi and due process: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Chandrachud, Abhinav, 2016, ‘Due Process’, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), <a href="https://oxcon.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198704898.001.0001/law-9780198704898">The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution</a>, (New Delhi: OUP). </li>
<li aria-level="1">Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), <a href="https://oxcon.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198704898.001.0001/law-9780198704898">The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution</a>, (New Delhi: OUP).</li>
</ul>
You can follow Priya on social media:
Instagram: (<a href="https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/">https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/</a> )
Twitter: (<a href="https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp">https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp</a> )
Linkedin: ( <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/">https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/</a> )
Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.
We are @IVMPodcasts on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ivmpodcasts/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/IVMPodcasts">Twitter</a>, &amp; <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ivmpodcasts/?hl=en">Instagram</a>.
Follow the show across platforms: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/77OV5wa80oVebbHto6Okw1?si=1d2d4de2b5484b4b">Spotify</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/search/the%20longest%20constitution">Google Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/in/podcast/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/id1579232029">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://gaana.com/album/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza-season-1">Gaana</a>, <a href="https://www.jiosaavn.com/shows/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/2/cUslBdpm1ME_">JioSaavan</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.in/podcasts/cbdc4947-1bcc-4a42-84b0-38bed9e129fe/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza">Amazon Music</a>

The Longest Constitution examines what due process really means, as well as look at why 1971 was a year that set several things into motion, such as the passage of the Maintenance of Internal Security Act, 1971, a tool for the government during Emergency, as well as the year when Raj Narain filed a petition challenging Indira Gandhi’s election in the Allahabad High court.

Maneka Gandhi’s Passport

The fifth parliamentary elections of India in 1971, set into motion a series of events that shaped the nation and the constitution. While campaigning, political parties promised voters that the constitution would be amended, a clear indicator that the Supreme Court’s striking down of parliamentary laws, such as in the Bank Nationalisation case (1970) and the privy purse case (1970) was being seen as an obstacle to a better India. This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at the constitutional provisions for constitutional amendments. We also look at the fate of thousands of Indians since 1962, when the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of sedition. Finally, we look at the expansion of Article 21 - that's the right to personal liberty and life when a convict on a death sentence protested against being placed in solitary confinement. 



Further reading: 

On Sedition: 
https://sedition.article-14.com/
Bhatia, Gautam, 2016, Offend, Shock, or Disturb: Free Speech under the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP).

On Article 21:
https://indiankanoon.org/doc/162242/
Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP). 

On the 1971 elections and constitutional amendments: 
Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). 
Khosla, Madhav, 2016, ‘Constitutional Amendment’, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP). 

You can follow Priya on social media:

Instagram: (https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/ )

Twitter: (https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp )

Linkedin: ( https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/ )

You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: https://ivm.today/android or iOS: https://ivm.today/ios, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured

Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.

We are @IVMPodcasts on Facebook, Twitter, & Instagram.

Follow the show across platforms: Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Gaana, JioSaavan, Amazon Music

The fifth parliamentary elections of India in 1971, set into motion a series of events that shaped the nation and the constitution. While campaigning, political parties promised voters that the constitution would be amended, a clear indicator that the Supreme Court’s striking down of parliamentary laws, such as in the Bank Nationalisation case (1970) and the privy purse case (1970) was being seen as an obstacle to a better India. This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at the constitutional provisions for constitutional amendments. We also look at the fate of thousands of Indians since 1962, when the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of sedition. Finally, we look at the expansion of Article 21 - that's the right to personal liberty and life when a convict on a death sentence protested against being placed in solitary confinement. 
 
Further reading: 
On Sedition: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://sedition.article-14.com/">https://sedition.article-14.com/</a></li>
<li aria-level="1">Bhatia, Gautam, 2016, Offend, Shock, or Disturb: Free Speech under the Indian Constitution, (New Delhi: OUP).</li>
</ul>
On Article 21:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://indiankanoon.org/doc/162242/">https://indiankanoon.org/doc/162242/</a></li>
<li aria-level="1">Surendranath, Anup, 2016, ‘Life and Personal Liberty, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), <a href="https://oxcon.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198704898.001.0001/law-9780198704898">The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution</a>, (New Delhi: OUP). </li>
</ul>
On the 1971 elections and constitutional amendments: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">Austin, Granville, 2003, Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, (OUP: New Delhi). </li>
<li aria-level="1">Khosla, Madhav, 2016, ‘Constitutional Amendment’, in Choudhry, Sujit (et al), <a href="https://oxcon.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law/9780198704898.001.0001/law-9780198704898">The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution</a>, (New Delhi: OUP). </li>
</ul>
You can follow Priya on social media:
Instagram: (<a href="https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/">https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/</a> )
Twitter: (<a href="https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp">https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp</a> )
Linkedin: ( <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/">https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/</a> )
You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: <a href="https://ivm.today/android">https://ivm.today/android</a> or iOS: <a href="https://ivm.today/ios">https://ivm.today/ios</a>, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at <a href="https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured">https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured</a>
Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.
We are @IVMPodcasts on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ivmpodcasts/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/IVMPodcasts">Twitter</a>, &amp; <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ivmpodcasts/?hl=en">Instagram</a>.
Follow the show across platforms: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/77OV5wa80oVebbHto6Okw1?si=1d2d4de2b5484b4b">Spotify</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/search/the%20longest%20constitution">Google Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/in/podcast/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/id1579232029">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://gaana.com/album/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza-season-1">Gaana</a>, <a href="https://www.jiosaavn.com/shows/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/2/cUslBdpm1ME_">JioSaavan</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.in/podcasts/cbdc4947-1bcc-4a42-84b0-38bed9e129fe/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza">Amazon Music</a>

This episode of The Longest Constitution looks at the constitutional provisions for constitutional amendments. We also look at the fate of thousands of Indians since 1962, when the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of sedition. Finally, we look at the expansion of Article 21 - that's the right to personal liberty and life when a convict on a death sentence protested against being placed in solitary confinement.

The Constitutionality of Sedition

Does merely disapproving of the government amount to sedition? In  Debi Soren vs State, 1950, the court thought so. What consequences did that have for free speech in India? Plus, in this episode of The Longest Constitution, we look at how the Indira Gandhi government tried every unconstitutional means to abolish the privy purses in 1970 (it was struck down by the Supreme Court anyway). Finally, we look at the famous case of preventive detention, AK Gopalan vs State of Madras (1950) and look at the long dark shadow it casts. 

Reading material: 
https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1894387/
http://www.commonlii.org/in/journals/INJlConLaw/2007/2.pdf
https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1857950/
https://theleaflet.in/decoding-the-history-of-sedition-law-in-india/
https://www.cam.ac.uk/files/a-tryst-with-destiny/index.html



You can follow Priya on social media:

Instagram: (https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/ )

Twitter: (https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp )

Linkedin: ( https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/ )

You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: https://ivm.today/android or iOS: https://ivm.today/ios, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured

Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.

We are @IVMPodcasts on Facebook, Twitter, & Instagram.

Follow the show across platforms:

Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Gaana, JioSaavan, Amazon Music

Does merely disapproving of the government amount to sedition? In  Debi Soren vs State, 1950, the court thought so. What consequences did that have for free speech in India? Plus, in this episode of The Longest Constitution, we look at how the Indira Gandhi government tried every unconstitutional means to abolish the privy purses in 1970 (it was struck down by the Supreme Court anyway). Finally, we look at the famous case of preventive detention, AK Gopalan vs State of Madras (1950) and look at the long dark shadow it casts. 
Reading material: 
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1894387/">https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1894387/</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="http://www.commonlii.org/in/journals/INJlConLaw/2007/2.pdf">http://www.commonlii.org/in/journals/INJlConLaw/2007/2.pdf</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1857950/">https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1857950/</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://theleaflet.in/decoding-the-history-of-sedition-law-in-india/">https://theleaflet.in/decoding-the-history-of-sedition-law-in-india/</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.cam.ac.uk/files/a-tryst-with-destiny/index.html">https://www.cam.ac.uk/files/a-tryst-with-destiny/index.html</a></li>
</ul>
 
You can follow Priya on social media:
Instagram: (<a href="https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/">https://www.instagram.com/thelongestconstitution_/</a> )
Twitter: (<a href="https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp">https://twitter.com/fundamentallyp</a> )
Linkedin: ( <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/">https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-mirza-73666310/</a> )
You can listen to this and other awesome shows on the IVM Podcasts app on Android: <a href="https://ivm.today/android">https://ivm.today/android</a> or iOS: <a href="https://ivm.today/ios">https://ivm.today/ios</a>, or any other podcast app. You can check out our website at <a href="https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured">https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured</a>
Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media.
We are @IVMPodcasts on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ivmpodcasts/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/IVMPodcasts">Twitter</a>, &amp; <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ivmpodcasts/?hl=en">Instagram</a>.
Follow the show across platforms:
<a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/77OV5wa80oVebbHto6Okw1?si=1d2d4de2b5484b4b">Spotify</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/search/the%20longest%20constitution">Google Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/in/podcast/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/id1579232029">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://gaana.com/album/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza-season-1">Gaana</a>, <a href="https://www.jiosaavn.com/shows/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza/2/cUslBdpm1ME_">JioSaavan</a>, <a href="https://music.amazon.in/podcasts/cbdc4947-1bcc-4a42-84b0-38bed9e129fe/the-longest-constitution-with-priya-mirza">Amazon Music</a>

In this episode of The Longest Constitution, we look at how the Indira Gandhi government tried every unconstitutional means to abolish the privy purses in 1970.

Freedom from Surveillance

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