Robert is joined by Joelle Monique to discuss the School of the Americas.

FOOTNOTES:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/el-salvador-mozote-trial-trump/2020/03/13/09d89632-64a5-11ea-8a8e-5c5336b32760_story.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/26/world/americas/el-salvador-el-mazote-massacre.html
https://theintercept.com/2020/01/28/el-mozote-massacre-reagan-war-on-press/
https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncw/f/hassettm2007-1.pdf 
https://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-guatemala-war-aftermath-20180903-story.html 
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/nov/18/us-military-usa
https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB122/920310%20Imporper%20Material%20in%20Spanish-Language%20Intelligence%20Training%20Manuals.pdf
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-37114191
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/sep/03/operation-condor-the-illegal-state-network-that-terrorised-south-america
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tC62Grvn2vM

 Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

Robert is joined by Joelle Monique to discuss the School of the Americas.FOOTNOTES:<ol>
<li><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/el-salvador-mozote-trial-trump/2020/03/13/09d89632-64a5-11ea-8a8e-5c5336b32760_story.html">https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/el-salvador-mozote-trial-trump/2020/03/13/09d89632-64a5-11ea-8a8e-5c5336b32760_story.html</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/26/world/americas/el-salvador-el-mazote-massacre.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/26/world/americas/el-salvador-el-mazote-massacre.html</a></li>
<li><a href="https://theintercept.com/2020/01/28/el-mozote-massacre-reagan-war-on-press/">https://theintercept.com/2020/01/28/el-mozote-massacre-reagan-war-on-press/</a></li>
<li><a href="https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncw/f/hassettm2007-1.pdf%C2%A0">https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncw/f/hassettm2007-1.pdf </a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-guatemala-war-aftermath-20180903-story.html%C2%A0">https://www.latimes.com/world/mexico-americas/la-fg-guatemala-war-aftermath-20180903-story.html </a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/nov/18/us-military-usa">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/nov/18/us-military-usa</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB122/920310%20Imporper%20Material%20in%20Spanish-Language%20Intelligence%20Training%20Manuals.pdf">https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB122/920310%20Imporper%20Material%20in%20Spanish-Language%20Intelligence%20Training%20Manuals.pdf</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-37114191">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-37114191</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/sep/03/operation-condor-the-illegal-state-network-that-terrorised-south-america">https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/sep/03/operation-condor-the-illegal-state-network-that-terrorised-south-america</a></li>
<li><a href="%C2%A0https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tC62Grvn2vM"> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tC62Grvn2vM</a></li>
</ol> Learn more about your ad-choices at <a href="https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com">https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com</a>

There’s a reason the History Channel has produced hundreds of documentaries about Hitler but only a few about Dwight D. Eisenhower. Bad guys (and gals) are eternally fascinating. Behind the Bastards dives in past the Cliffs Notes of the worst humans in history and exposes the bizarre realities of their lives. Listeners will learn about the young adult novels that helped Hitler form his monstrous ideology, the founder of Blackwater’s insane quest to build his own Air Force, the bizarre lives of the sons and daughters of dictators and Saddam Hussein’s side career as a trashy romance novelist.

There’s a reason the History Channel has produced hundreds of documentaries about Hitler but only a few about Dwight D. Eisenhower. Bad guys (and gals) are eternally fascinating. Behind the Bastards dives in past the Cliffs Notes of the worst humans in history and exposes the bizarre realities of their lives. Listeners will learn about the young adult novels that helped Hitler form his monstrous ideology, the founder of Blackwater’s insane quest to build his own Air Force, the bizarre lives of the sons and daughters of dictators and Saddam Hussein’s side career as a trashy romance novelist.

Everything you don't know about History's greatest monsters

Behind the Bastards

Part One: The Deadliest School in History

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/e5476c06-6923-459f-9e56-ae2801661b65/transcript

Robert continues telling James Stout about the story of the worst military leader in human history: Francisco Solano Lopez. Also known as 'El supremo', he nearly annihilated his own country through sheer incompetence.

Sources:

https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&seq=22

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=

https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/

https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/

https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm

https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552

 

Robert continues telling James Stout about the story of the worst military leader in human history: Francisco Solano Lopez. Also known as 'El supremo', he nearly annihilated his own country through sheer incompetence.
Sources:
<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&amp;seq=22" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin%3Dtrue%26seq%3D22&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3Slajk37QV7TM2UlDawZYR">https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&amp;seq=22</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3B6JjyfSAbQdjTnt1-msja">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance%23.YcJFwy2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2PrG_m2N1ey19kDd_WzFz0">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides%23.Yd9N0i2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2LFFFNOfmvXD3QglpF4jUI">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended%23.Yd9N0i2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0b6pSeSOxXvsCbOHIm-60x">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2q6RwdRAW1D3a1TJTCxKo4">https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/</a>
<a href="https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1aD5GeZfeJ2Qu8lab6e3nf">https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/</a>
<a href="https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw26Zb3au0yoEloHnrJl0mnc">https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm</a>
<a href="https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1y_K4wsFHgy-mFcz26j3sM">https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552</a>
&nbsp;

Part Two: Francisco Solano Lopez: The Worst Military Leader In Human History

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/cdec9ba9-a62a-47dc-b768-b4ab015d0e6f/transcript

Natural Causes is a podcast about the politics and practicalities of going outside in a world on fire, hosted by Dr. James Stout. It approaches the outdoors, conservation, agriculture, food sovereignty, and Indigenous land rights as interconnected issues. We want to combine unflinching journalism with unabashed advocacy for the land we all share, and welcome everyone into the outdoors and the fight for our public lands. Our shared wild spaces are under threat like never before, from climate change, the Trump administration, and extractive capitalism. Now, more than ever, we need serious journalism and serious solidarity that engages people with the struggle to protect these spaces for generations to come. New episodes weekly.
Listen here and subscribe to Natural Causes on the iHeartRadio app or wherever you get your podcasts!

Natural Causes is a podcast about the politics and practicalities of going outside in a world on fire, hosted by Dr. James Stout. It approaches the outdoors, conservation, agriculture, food sovereignty, and Indigenous land rights as interconnected issues. We want to combine unflinching journalism with unabashed advocacy for the land we all share, and welcome everyone into the outdoors and the fight for our public lands. Our shared wild spaces are under threat like never before, from climate change, the Trump administration, and extractive capitalism. Now, more than ever, we need serious journalism and serious solidarity that engages people with the struggle to protect these spaces for generations to come. New episodes weekly. Listen <a href="https://www.iheart.com/podcast/1119-natural-causes-340763248">here</a> and subscribe to Natural Causes on the iHeartRadio app or wherever you get your podcasts!

Introducing: Natural Causes

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/39d55442-c742-4613-81f0-b4aa015f46ae/transcript

This week Robert sits down with James Stout to weave the story of the worst military leader in human history: Francisco Solano Lopez. Also known as 'El supremo', he nearly annihilated his own country through sheer incompetence.

Sources:

https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&seq=22

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=

https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=

https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/

https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/

https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm

https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552

 

This week Robert sits down with James Stout to weave the story of the worst military leader in human history: Francisco Solano Lopez. Also known as 'El supremo', he nearly annihilated his own country through sheer incompetence.
Sources:
<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&amp;seq=22" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin%3Dtrue%26seq%3D22&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3Slajk37QV7TM2UlDawZYR">https://www.jstor.org/stable/26494384?googleloggedin=true&amp;seq=22</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3B6JjyfSAbQdjTnt1-msja">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/11/22/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-1-francisco-solano-lopezs-earlier-life</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance%23.YcJFwy2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2PrG_m2N1ey19kDd_WzFz0">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/8/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-2-the-start-of-the-war-of-the-triple-alliance#.YcJFwy2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides%23.Yd9N0i2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2LFFFNOfmvXD3QglpF4jUI">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2021/12/23/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-3-devastating-battles-for-both-sides#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended%23.Yd9N0i2cZAY%3D&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0b6pSeSOxXvsCbOHIm-60x">https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2022/1/12/the-paraguayan-president-who-brought-his-country-to-military-catastrophe-part-4-how-the-war-ended#.Yd9N0i2cZAY=</a>
<a href="https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2q6RwdRAW1D3a1TJTCxKo4">https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/war-of-the-triple-alliance-bloodbath-in-paraguay/</a>
<a href="https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1aD5GeZfeJ2Qu8lab6e3nf">https://www.thecollector.com/francisco-solano-lopez-paraguayan-war/</a>
<a href="https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw26Zb3au0yoEloHnrJl0mnc">https://countrystudies.us/paraguay/10.htm</a>
<a href="https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1787021922984000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1y_K4wsFHgy-mFcz26j3sM">https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780742537552</a>
&nbsp;

Part One: Francisco Solano Lopez: The Worst Military Leader In Human History

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/5891e83b-a3d4-4968-8cbf-b4a9016379bf/transcript

Part One: The Deadliest School in History

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Behind the Bastards

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