Many of us have experienced a season of “cumulative grief.” When one loss—of a loved one, a job, our health, our security—follows closely on the heels of another loss, the emotional burden is compounded, making it harder to heal.

In Ruth 1:3–5, we read about Naomi’s painful season of loss upon loss. Some commentators have called her the “female Job.” She lost the security of basic provisions and then her home in Bethlehem. She was living in a foreign, unfriendly land. Then she lost her husband—her partner and provider (v. 3).

This tragedy was only eased by the care of her two sons (v. 3) who married Moabite women, providing hope for a new generation (v. 4). Sadly, however, Mahlon and Kilion’s ten-year marriages to Orpah and Ruth were both marked by infertility before both sons also died (v. 5).

At the end of verse 5, the author returns to Naomi who “was left without her two sons and her husband.” We feel her isolation and loneliness. While the author delivers these details in a direct, staccato fashion, the original audience would have understood the devastating implications of Naomi’s situation.

She faced the harsh reality of living her aged years alone. She had lost the provision and protection of her husband and then her sons— perhaps the worst fate for an Israelite woman. There were not even any grandchildren to bring her joy. On top of that, the family of Elimelech faced annihilation. Ancient Israelite culture placed a high value on family lineage, so the loss of a family from existence was a great tragedy. Every good story hinges on a central dramatic question. So, we ask ourselves: Will Naomi be redeemed?