Besides unnecessary wars, assassinations and scandalous affairs, what comes to mind when you think about American presidents? The Oval Office, the Star-Spangled Banner, Air Force One, the official military salute… and of course golf.



With the exception of three presidents (Hoover, Truman and Carter), golf has been the presidential sport of choice throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. While Hoover avoided golf during the great depression (a bit rude while everyone was starving), others like Woodrow Wilson were fanatics, playing over 1600 rounds during his presidency. 



But when it comes to golf, there’s one President who brings a flair of colour to the green - and we’re not talking about the colour of his polo shirt. This president is renowned less for his golfing prowess and more for his boastful claims of golf accolades and notorious cheating habits. None other than Donald Trump.



SOURCES:
Commander in Cheat: How Golf Explains Trump, by Rick Reilly
Does Trump lie about how good he is at golf? 5 cheating stories about the ex-president
Hand-in-cap
How Donald Trump Cheats at Golf, According to a Sportswriter: 'He Will Do Anything'
How golf explains Trump. Seriously.
Obama Golf Counter
The President’s club: How golf took over the White House
The Serial Golf Cheat in the White House
Trump Golf Count

Besides unnecessary wars, assassinations and scandalous affairs, what comes to mind when you think about American presidents? The Oval Office, the Star-Spangled Banner, Air Force One, the official military salute… and of course golf.
 
With the exception of three presidents (Hoover, Truman and Carter), golf has been the presidential sport of choice throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. While Hoover avoided golf during the great depression (a bit rude while everyone was starving), others like Woodrow Wilson were fanatics, playing over 1600 rounds during his presidency. 
 
But when it comes to golf, there’s one President who brings a flair of colour to the green - and we’re not talking about the colour of his polo shirt. This president is renowned less for his golfing prowess and more for his boastful claims of golf accolades and notorious cheating habits. None other than Donald Trump.
 
SOURCES:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.amazon.com.au/Commander-Cheat-Explains-brilliant-bestseller-ebook/dp/B07LGFM8JP">Commander in Cheat: How Golf Explains Trump, by Rick Reilly</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.indy100.com/politics/trump/donald-trump-golf-cheat-handicap-2659934249">Does Trump lie about how good he is at golf? 5 cheating stories about the ex-president</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand-in-cap">Hand-in-cap</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://people.com/donald-trump-cheats-golf-rick-reilly-claims-8621189">How Donald Trump Cheats at Golf, According to a Sportswriter: 'He Will Do Anything'</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/5/10/18524172/donald-trump-commander-in-cheat-rick-reilly">How golf explains Trump. Seriously.</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229181219/http://obamagolfcounter.com/">Obama Golf Counter</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/20/sport/golf/golf-presidents-white-house/index.html">The President’s club: How golf took over the White House</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/donald-trump-the-serial-golf-cheat-in-the-white-house">The Serial Golf Cheat in the White House</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://trumpgolfcount.com/">Trump Golf Count</a></li>
</ul>

From tales of historical idiocracy and scientific genius to weird and wacky cultural phenomena, Dr Rod Lamberts and Dr Will Grant are here to take you on a wild conversational journey, deep diving into the crevices of science, history and culture that you never knew existed. 

From tales of historical idiocracy and scientific genius to weird and wacky cultural phenomena, Dr Rod Lamberts and Dr Will Grant are here to take you on a wild conversational journey, deep diving into the crevices of science, history and culture that you never knew existed.

Science stories for people who sit up the back of…

The Wholesome Show

Why does Trump cheat at golf and why do people let him?

Back in the old days, there were pretty slim pickings about what to do for a career. Basically, people just did what their father or mother did. Then, as education became more available to the masses, every parent’s dream was for their child to become a doctor, lawyer or accountant. Secure a respectable job and make the big bucks. 



But what if you didn’t want to drag out your days in an ordinary job, working for the man in a major multinational corporation? What if you were more interested in say, mystical and astrological matters?



In 1996, when Rod was deciding his career fate, there was actually a one-year diploma in Astrology and Jungian psychology from The Urania Trust in London. He nearly signed up but chickened out and did the corporate grad entry thing instead. He loved it (NOT). Don’t make his mistake! Whatever you’re interested in, there’s a degree out there and some of them are pretty wild.



CHAPTERS:

00:00 Rod’s dreams for psychoanthropology

05:07 Masters of Science: Brewing and Distilling

09:36 Royal School of Needlework

12:18 Unusual Performance Degrees

15:20 The Art and Science of Time Measurement

20:56 Puppets and Existential Sadness

25:10 Surf Science In England

27:20 Theme Park Engineering

29:07 Bagpipe Studies at Carnegie Mellon

34:45 Ethical Hacking: Training criminals

38:56 What Next on The Wholesome Show



SOURCES:
BSc (Hons) Ethical Hacking Degree | Abertay University
Policy Statement - 99-12 Engineering, Bachelor of Science in, Option in Theme Park Engineering- Academic Senate | California State University Long Beach
What Is Piobaireachd?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)
16 most unusual university degrees - Save the Student
Ten of the most unusual degrees in the world | Student
20 Strangest Bachelor's Degrees
Urania Trust
Royal School of Needlework

Back in the old days, there were pretty slim pickings about what to do for a career. Basically, people just did what their father or mother did. Then, as education became more available to the masses, every parent’s dream was for their child to become a doctor, lawyer or accountant. Secure a respectable job and make the big bucks. 
 
But what if you didn’t want to drag out your days in an ordinary job, working for the man in a major multinational corporation? What if you were more interested in say, mystical and astrological matters?
 
In 1996, when Rod was deciding his career fate, there was actually a one-year diploma in Astrology and Jungian psychology from The Urania Trust in London. He nearly signed up but chickened out and did the corporate grad entry thing instead. He loved it (NOT). Don’t make his mistake! Whatever you’re interested in, there’s a degree out there and some of them are pretty wild.
 
CHAPTERS:
00:00 Rod’s dreams for psychoanthropology
05:07 Masters of Science: Brewing and Distilling
09:36 Royal School of Needlework
12:18 Unusual Performance Degrees
15:20 The Art and Science of Time Measurement
20:56 Puppets and Existential Sadness
25:10 Surf Science In England
27:20 Theme Park Engineering
29:07 Bagpipe Studies at Carnegie Mellon
34:45 Ethical Hacking: Training criminals
38:56 What Next on The Wholesome Show
 
SOURCES:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.abertay.ac.uk/course-search/undergraduate/ethical-hacking">BSc (Hons) Ethical Hacking Degree | Abertay University</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.csulb.edu/academic-senate/policy-statement-99-12-engineering-bachelor-of-science-option-theme-park">Policy Statement - 99-12 Engineering, Bachelor of Science in, Option in Theme Park Engineering- Academic Senate | California State University Long Beach</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.piobaireachd.co.uk/what-is-piobaireachd">What Is Piobaireachd?</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.savethestudent.org/extra-guides/10-most-unusual-uk-university-degrees.html">16 most unusual university degrees - Save the Student</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/blogs/ten-most-unusual-degrees-world">Ten of the most unusual degrees in the world | Student</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.online-bachelor-degrees.com/strangest-bachelors-degrees/">20 Strangest Bachelor's Degrees</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.uraniatrust.org">Urania Trust</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://royal-needlework.org.uk">Royal School of Needlework</a></li>
</ul>

Bagpipes, Weed, OR Puppets: What's Your Next Degree?

World War II pilots ate a bunch of carrots. Back then, people were well aware that vitamin A was critical for healthy eyesight and that carrots were a good source of beta-carotene. So in 1940, versions of high-carotene strains of carrots were being tested on pilots to reduce night blindness. This was pretty important at the time because during the 1940 Blitzkrieg, the Luftwaffe often struck under the cover of darkness. The British government issued citywide blackouts to make it more difficult for German planes to hit targets, so maximising vision among pilots and civilians was critical. 



The year before, the RAF had built the new secret Airborne Interception Radar (aka AI). Instead of being limited to land-bound detection stations, the AI Radar was on planes, able to pinpoint enemy bombers before they even reached the English Channel. 



In 1940, RAF night fighter, John Cunningham, became the first pilot to shoot down an enemy plane using AI. He eventually tallied 20 kills - 19 of them at night - and became known as “cat eye” Cunningham. But, the Poms needed to make sure the Germans didn’t know about the secret of their success. So, the UK Ministry of Food came up with a different reason: Carrots. 



Make the Germans think that carrots gave Cunningham night vision.. And just don’t mention the little Airborne Interception Radar that he had on his plane.



CHAPTERS:

00:00 Debunking Food Myths: Bread Crusts and Apples

02:16 The Spinach Iron Myth

04:32 Carrots and Night Vision

06:55 Ancient Egyptian cure: Liver Juice in the Eyes

09:17 Carrot Man Can’t Poop

13:19 WWII Airborne Interception Radar

16:49 Dig for Victory Campaign

19:59 Dr. Carrot and Wartime Propaganda

23:41 The Wholesome Verdict

29:01 What’s Next on The Wholesome Show



PREVIOUS EPISODES MENTIONED:

Arctic Cold Case Solved: Who Was First To The North Pole?



SOURCES:
- Fact or Fiction?: Carrots Improve Your Vision | Scientific American
A WWII Propaganda Campaign Popularized the Myth That Carrots Help You See in the DarkK. Annabelle Smith August 13, 2013
https://web.archive.org/web/20220519172618/http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/ww2seeinthedark.html 
Carrots and Night Vision - WW2 Copyright 1996-2022 World Carrot Museum. 
The Myth About Carrots and Vision Started to Foil Nazis - The Atlantic By Ed Yong November 13, 2015
Do carrots really help you see in the dark? - BBC Science Focus Magazine
What's so super about superfoods? by Cecilia Duong 26 September 2022
The True Science of Spinach and What the Popeye Mythology Teaches Us about How Error Spreads – The Marginalian
An Apple a Day Keeps the Doctor Away — Fact or Fiction?
Carrot man: a case of excessive beta-carotene ingestion

Int J Eat Disord. 2012 Sep;45(6):816-8  doi: 10.1002/eat.22015.Epub 2012 Mar 19.

World War II pilots ate a bunch of carrots. Back then, people were well aware that vitamin A was critical for healthy eyesight and that carrots were a good source of beta-carotene. So in 1940, versions of high-carotene strains of carrots were being tested on pilots to reduce night blindness. This was pretty important at the time because during the 1940 Blitzkrieg, the Luftwaffe often struck under the cover of darkness. The British government issued citywide blackouts to make it more difficult for German planes to hit targets, so maximising vision among pilots and civilians was critical. 
 
The year before, the RAF had built the new secret Airborne Interception Radar (aka AI). Instead of being limited to land-bound detection stations, the AI Radar was on planes, able to pinpoint enemy bombers before they even reached the English Channel. 
 
In 1940, RAF night fighter, John Cunningham, became the first pilot to shoot down an enemy plane using AI. He eventually tallied 20 kills - 19 of them at night - and became known as “cat eye” Cunningham. But, the Poms needed to make sure the Germans didn’t know about the secret of their success. So, the UK Ministry of Food came up with a different reason: Carrots. 
 
Make the Germans think that carrots gave Cunningham night vision.. And just don’t mention the little Airborne Interception Radar that he had on his plane.
 CHAPTERS:
00:00 Debunking Food Myths: Bread Crusts and Apples
02:16 The Spinach Iron Myth
04:32 Carrots and Night Vision
06:55 Ancient Egyptian cure: Liver Juice in the Eyes
09:17 Carrot Man Can’t Poop
13:19 WWII Airborne Interception Radar
16:49 Dig for Victory Campaign
19:59 Dr. Carrot and Wartime Propaganda
23:41 The Wholesome Verdict
29:01 What’s Next on The Wholesome Show
 PREVIOUS EPISODES MENTIONED:
<a href="https://youtu.be/gGIpr6r7LVU">Arctic Cold Case Solved: Who Was First To The North Pole?</a>
 
SOURCES:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1">- <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fact-or-fiction-carrots-improve-your-vision/">Fact or Fiction?: Carrots Improve Your Vision | Scientific American</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/a-wwii-propaganda-campaign-popularized-the-myth-that-carrots-help-you-see-in-the-dark-28812484/#:~:text=But%20as%20John%20Stolarczyk%20knows,blueberries%20will%20turn%20you%20blue">A WWII Propaganda Campaign Popularized the Myth That Carrots Help You See in the Dark</a> <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/author/k-annabelle-smith/">K. Annabelle Smith</a> August 13, 2013</li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220519172618/http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/ww2seeinthedark.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20220519172618/http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/ww2seeinthedark.html </a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220519172618/http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/ww2seeinthedark.html">Carrots and Night Vision - WW2</a> Copyright 1996-2022 World Carrot Museum. </li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2015/11/the-myth-about-carrots-and-vision-started-to-foil-nazis/625815/">The Myth About Carrots and Vision Started to Foil Nazis - The Atlantic</a> By <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/author/ed-yong/">Ed Yong</a> November 13, 2015</li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/do-carrots-really-help-you-see-in-the-dark">Do carrots really help you see in the dark? - BBC Science Focus Magazine</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.unsw.edu.au/newsroom/news/2022/09/what-s-so-super-about-superfoods-">What's so super about superfoods?</a> by Cecilia Duong 26 September 2022</li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.themarginalian.org/2013/07/02/spinach-popeye-error-half-life-of-facts">The True Science of Spinach and What the Popeye Mythology Teaches Us about How Error Spreads – The Marginalian</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/an-apple-a-day-keeps-the-doctor-away">An Apple a Day Keeps the Doctor Away — Fact or Fiction?</a></li>
<li aria-level="1">Carrot man: a case of excessive beta-carotene ingestion</li>
</ul>
Int J Eat Disord. 2012 Sep;45(6):816-8  doi: 10.1002/eat.22015.Epub 2012 Mar 19.

Did Carrots Really Help Us Win World War 2?

We all have our idiosyncrasies, those automatic things we do each day that form the way we are in the world. Whether we scrunch or fold, or leave the toilet seat up or down, these are things we do (or don’t do) automatically. Much like the urgent need to crap your dacks in a Japanese bookstore. 



That’s right, there is a significant portion of Japanese people who feel overcome by a heaving sensation in the rectal passage whilst browsing books. 



In 1985, 29-year-old Japanese woman, Mariko Aoki, contributed an article in the Hon no Zasshi or “Book Magazine” about her strong urge to defecate whenever she visited a bookstore. Surprisingly, a significant number of readers wrote to the editorial department to share their similar experiences. Who would have thought so many people had been fending back faeces in the fiction section?! Turns out a lot. 



CHAPTERS:

00:00 Idiosyncratic & Biological Habits

02:21 The Aoki Mariko Phenomenon 

08:07 Feature Article explains Book Bowel Tendency

12:13 Japanese Survey to Revitalise Bookstores

14:28 Millions suffer with Aoki Mariko Phenomenon 

21:11 Symptoms: Body Shivers & Unusual Urges

26:13 Psychiatrist Speculation: Hyper Response to Stress

33:27 The Wholesome Verdict: Psychological or Sociological Phenomenon?

37:49 What’s Next on The Wholesome Show



SOURCES:
What is “key in lock” syndrome? - Hands on Healthcare
A Doctor Explains Why Bookstores Make Some People Feel the Need to Poop
Bathrooms and Noble - The Current
https://web.archive.org/web/20120509063936/http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012042902000077.html
Mariko Aoki phenomenon - Wikipedia
Let’s Talk About Poop. Specifically: bookstore poop | by Judey Kalchik | Artisanal Article Machine | Medium
Mariko Aoki Phenomenon | The Daily Omnivore
The Mariko Aoki Phenomenon: When You Need To Poop After Entering A Book Store | Faculty of Medicine

We all have our idiosyncrasies, those automatic things we do each day that form the way we are in the world. Whether we scrunch or fold, or leave the toilet seat up or down, these are things we do (or don’t do) automatically. Much like the urgent need to crap your dacks in a Japanese bookstore. 
 
That’s right, there is a significant portion of Japanese people who feel overcome by a heaving sensation in the rectal passage whilst browsing books. 
 
In 1985, 29-year-old Japanese woman, Mariko Aoki, contributed an article in the Hon no Zasshi or “Book Magazine” about her strong urge to defecate whenever she visited a bookstore. Surprisingly, a significant number of readers wrote to the editorial department to share their similar experiences. Who would have thought so many people had been fending back faeces in the fiction section?! Turns out a lot. 
 
CHAPTERS:
00:00 Idiosyncratic &amp; Biological Habits
02:21 The Aoki Mariko Phenomenon 
08:07 Feature Article explains Book Bowel Tendency
12:13 Japanese Survey to Revitalise Bookstores
14:28 Millions suffer with Aoki Mariko Phenomenon 
21:11 Symptoms: Body Shivers &amp; Unusual Urges
26:13 Psychiatrist Speculation: Hyper Response to Stress
33:27 The Wholesome Verdict: Psychological or Sociological Phenomenon?
37:49 What’s Next on The Wholesome Show
 
SOURCES:
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://hands-onhealthcare.com/what-is-key-in-lock-syndrome/">What is “key in lock” syndrome? - Hands on Healthcare</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://www.menshealth.com/health/a35767860/bookstores-poop-mariko-aoki-phenomenon-doctor-explains/">A Doctor Explains Why Bookstores Make Some People Feel the Need to Poop</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://thecurrentmsu.com/2022/06/28/bathrooms-and-noble/">Bathrooms and Noble - The Current</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509063936/http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012042902000077.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20120509063936/http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012042902000077.html</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariko_Aoki_phenomenon">Mariko Aoki phenomenon - Wikipedia</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://medium.com/artisanal-article-machine/lets-talk-about-poop-117ced5f7ece">Let’s Talk About Poop. Specifically: bookstore poop | by Judey Kalchik | Artisanal Article Machine | Medium</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://thedailyomnivore.net/2020/09/27/mariko-aoki-phenomenon/">Mariko Aoki Phenomenon | The Daily Omnivore</a></li>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://forum.facmedicine.com/threads/the-mariko-aoki-phenomenon-when-you-need-to-poop-after-entering-a-book-store.64187/">The Mariko Aoki Phenomenon: When You Need To Poop After Entering A Book Store | Faculty of Medicine</a></li>
</ul>

Why does Trump cheat at golf and why do people let him?

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