For nearly a century and a half, mining has stood as the cornerstone of South Africa's economy, contributing significantly to GDP and serving as a primary driver of exports however, this sector now faces illegal mining. In 2024 alone, illegal mining is estimated to cost South Africa over R70 billion annually, exacerbating the strain on an already challenged industry.

Beyond economic repercussions, illegal mining casts a shadow over local communities, formal mining operations, and the environment. This growing crisis highlights the urgency for comprehensive solutions, including stronger enforcement, regulatory reform, and community engagement. To further unpack we are joined on the line by Mandy Hattingh, Legal Practitioner - energy law expert