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First, Mi Xian and Mark Fazollah of Spotlight PA join us to discuss their reporting on undercounted and misreported rapes in the State College area. Their investigation reveals how gaps in data, institutional practices, and reporting systems can obscure the reality of sexual violence. They walk us through what they uncovered, why these discrepancies matter, and how communities are affected when the numbers meant to protect them fall short.

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Then, we shift from modern reporting failures to the deep past with Chrissie Senecal, historian at Shippensburg University, for a journey into the origins and evolution of nursery rhymes. Chrissie explores how many familiar rhymes trace back to medieval Europe, shaped by the politics, fears, humor, and social tensions of their time. We dig into the “dark” or hidden meanings encoded in rhyme and rhythm, how these verses transformed from adult commentary to children’s entertainment, and why they’ve endured for centuries.