Patrick takes a call from John, a Protestant pastor in Texas, who asks whether the Mass is invalid if a Catholic priest celebrates it while in a state of mortal sin. Patrick explains that the Mass would still be valid, because validity depends on three essential elements: form (the words of consecration), matter (unleavened bread and wine), and intention (the priest’s intention to confect the Eucharist).

Patrick clarifies that while the Mass would remain valid, it could be illicit (unlawful) if the priest knowingly skipped required elements or celebrated without first confessing grave sin. He brings up the history of the Church, citing St. Augustine’s defense against the Donatists, who wrongly claimed sacraments were invalid if the minister was unworthy. Augustine argued that if their logic were correct, no one could ever have confidence in any sacrament, since we can’t see into a minister’s soul. Patrick also notes St. Thomas Aquinas’ reassurance that the very act of a priest celebrating Mass provides moral certainty that his intention is valid.

John connects this with 1 Corinthians 11, where St. Paul warns that those who receive the Eucharist unworthily bring judgment upon themselves, and he shares his growing appreciation for Catholic teaching through Relevant Radio.