Pushkin. Hey, last dark, I've listeners. Here's part two of my look at Jesse Owens's famous long jump in the nineteen thirty six Nazi Olympic Games. If you missed part one, maybe give that a listen first. It should be in your feed. To hear the rest of our nine part Revision's history series on the nineteen thirty six Olympics, head over to Revisionist Histories show page and look for the episodes titled Hitler's Olympics. Here's the episode. On a warm day in August nineteen fifty one, a helicopter appeared in the sky above the Berlin Olympics stadium. Seventy five thousand people had gathered there to watch a Harlem globetrotter's basketball game. The crowd looked up. The chopper circled three times and landed on the field.

Pushkin. Hey, last dark, I've listeners. Here's part two of my look at Jesse Owens's famous long jump in the nineteen thirty six Nazi Olympic Games. If you missed part one, maybe give that a listen first. It should be in your feed. To hear the rest of our nine part Revision's history series on the nineteen thirty six Olympics, head over to Revisionist Histories show page and look for the episodes titled Hitler's Olympics. Here's the episode. On a warm day in August nineteen fifty one, a helicopter appeared in the sky above the Berlin Olympics stadium. Seventy five thousand people had gathered there to watch a Harlem globetrotter's basketball game. The crowd looked up. The chopper circled three times and landed on the field.

The loudspeaker announcer called out attention, attention.

The loudspeaker announcer called out attention, attention.

A black man in a white suit stepped out onto the red cinder track.

A black man in a white suit stepped out onto the red cinder track.

Ladies and gentlemen, the greatest run on the world, it turned mister Burland.

Ladies and gentlemen, the greatest run on the world, it turned mister Burland.

Jesse Owens was back in Germany to take a victory lap.

Jesse Owens was back in Germany to take a victory lap.

I had many thoughts as I made the symbolic run of victory around the same Red Center track that had run so many years before. As I passed each section, there was a bridge to the pass.

I had many thoughts as I made the symbolic run of victory around the same Red Center track that had run so many years before. As I passed each section, there was a bridge to the pass.

The Second World War had ended only six years earlier, and Germany, along with the rest of the world, was still reckoning with it all. Whatever was left of the Nazi leadership had been grilled at the Nuremberg Trials. Berlin was rebuilding after Allied bombing campaigns. About eighty percent of the city center had been flattened, Yet the stadium the Nazis had built for the Olympics was still standing, and that day at the Globetrotter's game, Jesse Owens was back to take his victory lab and to give a speech. Words often fail on occasions like this, he told the German crowd, But I remember the good that happened here. I remember the fighting spirit and sportsmanship shown by German athletes on this field, and here we reached the important part, he says, especially by Lutslang of Germany, the man I managed to be in the broad jump.

The Second World War had ended only six years earlier, and Germany, along with the rest of the world, was still reckoning with it all. Whatever was left of the Nazi leadership had been grilled at the Nuremberg Trials. Berlin was rebuilding after Allied bombing campaigns. About eighty percent of the city center had been flattened, Yet the stadium the Nazis had built for the Olympics was still standing, and that day at the Globetrotter's game, Jesse Owens was back to take his victory lab and to give a speech. Words often fail on occasions like this, he told the German crowd, But I remember the good that happened here. I remember the fighting spirit and sportsmanship shown by German athletes on this field, and here we reached the important part, he says, especially by Lutslang of Germany, the man I managed to be in the broad jump.

The crowd came forth with a tremendous role, and the cheers are with me today.

The crowd came forth with a tremendous role, and the cheers are with me today.

Owens stood for an ovation that one of the globetrotters said, lasted a full fifteen minutes. And I think maybe it was then standing there watching how hungry that crowd was for even this mention of a good German that he decided to tell an even bigger story about what happened between him and Luteslog at the nineteen thirty six Olympics. It was the start of the great long jump tall Tale.

Owens stood for an ovation that one of the globetrotters said, lasted a full fifteen minutes. And I think maybe it was then standing there watching how hungry that crowd was for even this mention of a good German that he decided to tell an even bigger story about what happened between him and Luteslog at the nineteen thirty six Olympics. It was the start of the great long jump tall Tale.

Hi'm Malcolm Gladwell. Welcome to Revisionist History, my show about things overlooked and misunderstood. Throughout this series, we've been looking at how people tried to rationalize their participation in Hitno's Olympics, and in this episode we've reached the most enduring and I think heartbreaking rationalization of all. Jesse Owens his story about befriending a Nazi, the story that it seems Owen's made up. But why why did Owens need to tell a lie?

Hi'm Malcolm Gladwell. Welcome to Revisionist History, my show about things overlooked and misunderstood. Throughout this series, we've been looking at how people tried to rationalize their participation in Hitno's Olympics, and in this episode we've reached the most enduring and I think heartbreaking rationalization of all. Jesse Owens his story about befriending a Nazi, the story that it seems Owen's made up. But why why did Owens need to tell a lie?

Our home was in Alabama and my parents were sharecroppers on this particular place.

Our home was in Alabama and my parents were sharecroppers on this particular place.

In nineteen sixty one, Jesse Owens sat down with an interviewer to record in oral History. She a white woman in cat's eye glasses and pearls Owens or a suit The two sat in midcentury modern armchairs so close their knees were almost touching. The curtains were drawn, the room was filled with smoke. They spoke for six hours, starting at the very beginning.

In nineteen sixty one, Jesse Owens sat down with an interviewer to record in oral History. She a white woman in cat's eye glasses and pearls Owens or a suit The two sat in midcentury modern armchairs so close their knees were almost touching. The curtains were drawn, the room was filled with smoke. They spoke for six hours, starting at the very beginning.

What about the people that owned the big house where your father was a shared dropper?

What about the people that owned the big house where your father was a shared dropper?

Was this a Negro individual?

Was this a Negro individual?

Light?

Light?

The first tape is mostly about Owens's early life, growing up one of the youngest of ten brothers and sisters in Alabama. He was a sickly kid with a sunny disposition. His parents had him late, him their gift child. It can be hard to know things for certain about Jesse Owens' life. His biographer William J. Baker once wrote of him, Jesse Owens was always strong on imagination, weak on literal truth. But whatever the facts, I believe his tone of voice in this tape, its warmth and its weariness. You hear about the setbacks, the time he saw his mother crying while folding the laundry because she couldn't afford clothes for him, And then you hear about the.

The first tape is mostly about Owens's early life, growing up one of the youngest of ten brothers and sisters in Alabama. He was a sickly kid with a sunny disposition. His parents had him late, him their gift child. It can be hard to know things for certain about Jesse Owens' life. His biographer William J. Baker once wrote of him, Jesse Owens was always strong on imagination, weak on literal truth. But whatever the facts, I believe his tone of voice in this tape, its warmth and its weariness. You hear about the setbacks, the time he saw his mother crying while folding the laundry because she couldn't afford clothes for him, And then you hear about the.

Triumphs Now, that's where it all began.

Triumphs Now, that's where it all began.

Junior Heins rebala I spoke chapter with the basketball team. Chapter in of the track team, captain of the baseball team, I was president of the student council, captain about cards.

Junior Heins rebala I spoke chapter with the basketball team. Chapter in of the track team, captain of the baseball team, I was president of the student council, captain about cards.

I was impressed the first time I heard him list all those accomplishments. He was obviously great from the start. But the second time I listened, I noticed just how worn out he sounds going through that list. That tone has a lot to do with how I came to understand Jesse Owens. He's telling the story of his life in this oral history, but really he just keeps talking about one idea.

I was impressed the first time I heard him list all those accomplishments. He was obviously great from the start. But the second time I listened, I noticed just how worn out he sounds going through that list. That tone has a lot to do with how I came to understand Jesse Owens. He's telling the story of his life in this oral history, but really he just keeps talking about one idea.

She get tired of this sometimes, Oh yes, you get tired of living in a glass bowl.

She get tired of this sometimes, Oh yes, you get tired of living in a glass bowl.

Living in a glass bowl. But it's a.

Living in a glass bowl. But it's a.

It's a wonderful thing to help people to recognize you, people to admire you for your ability, but sometimes people forget your human being. People were looking, everybody's eyes were upon you, and it would scrutinize everything that you did, and so therefore you had to be very, very careful of what of the things that you did, and it's.

It's a wonderful thing to help people to recognize you, people to admire you for your ability, but sometimes people forget your human being. People were looking, everybody's eyes were upon you, and it would scrutinize everything that you did, and so therefore you had to be very, very careful of what of the things that you did, and it's.

A tough thing.

A tough thing.

Sometimes. By the time he taped this interview, people had been telling stories about Jesse Owens, mythologizing him for decades. You can even hear of the interview we're doing it.

Sometimes. By the time he taped this interview, people had been telling stories about Jesse Owens, mythologizing him for decades. You can even hear of the interview we're doing it.

How did all this make you feel?

How did all this make you feel?

Now, Remember, you're a you're you're a youngster from the cotton fields of Alabama, and this is all relatively new to you. And suddenly you're you're you're the captain of so many things, and you're a well, a good suit and people like you.

Now, Remember, you're a you're you're a youngster from the cotton fields of Alabama, and this is all relatively new to you. And suddenly you're you're you're the captain of so many things, and you're a well, a good suit and people like you.

And when you felt like you were somebody, you know?

And when you felt like you were somebody, you know?

And that, I think is that the heart of why Jesse Owens made up that story about Lutslog helping him during the broad jump qualifying rounds and about their friendship all those years afterwards. First being an athlete made him somebody, then when that was done, telling stories about it kept him with somebody. But he was black in early twentieth century America, which meant that as soon as he started to be somebody, he had to play the two crowds, the white people giving him opportunities and the black people who wanted him to use his status to change things.

And that, I think is that the heart of why Jesse Owens made up that story about Lutslog helping him during the broad jump qualifying rounds and about their friendship all those years afterwards. First being an athlete made him somebody, then when that was done, telling stories about it kept him with somebody. But he was black in early twentieth century America, which meant that as soon as he started to be somebody, he had to play the two crowds, the white people giving him opportunities and the black people who wanted him to use his status to change things.

If you're the first to come along, you're a pioneer. You represent not just yourself, which you represent your category. And he's being asked to represent his category in a way that no obviously, no white athlete is being asked to represent a category.

If you're the first to come along, you're a pioneer. You represent not just yourself, which you represent your category. And he's being asked to represent his category in a way that no obviously, no white athlete is being asked to represent a category.

Yeah, And I actually think what's striking looking at Jesse Owens's life is how really that starts for him. I mean, it's really he's sort of a superlative athlete from a very young age, and then this just keeps happening to him. It was the same when people started boycotting the nineteen thirty six Olympics, wondering if he would too.

Yeah, And I actually think what's striking looking at Jesse Owens's life is how really that starts for him. I mean, it's really he's sort of a superlative athlete from a very young age, and then this just keeps happening to him. It was the same when people started boycotting the nineteen thirty six Olympics, wondering if he would too.

He's at the time, how old.

He's at the time, how old.

I think he's twenty two.

I think he's twenty two.

So we have this kid who is being asked to parse one of the most complicated kind of moral and political questions of the time, and he's being torn in two directions.

So we have this kid who is being asked to parse one of the most complicated kind of moral and political questions of the time, and he's being torn in two directions.

At first, Jesse Owens seemed to see the situation in Germany clearly, the violence and the discrimination, and he supported the boycott. He knew what it was like living in the United States under Jim Crow and segregation. He said in a radio interview that quote, if there is discrimination against minorities in Germany, then we must withdraw from the Olympics, to which his white coach, Larry Snyder responded, basically, suit yourself, but if you skip the Olympics, you're going to be and this is his exact phrase, A forgotten man. The opposite of a somebody. In the end, eighteen black athletes went to Berlin with the US Olympic team that year. Each of them had to wrestle privately with the question of whether or not to participate, but because of the Glass Bowl, Jesse Owens had to do it in public. There were endless opinions about what he should do. Even the secretary of the NAACP, Walter White, had an opinion best represented in a letter to Owens that he drafted but never sent, which now sits in the archives. I fully realize how great a sacrifice it will be for you to give up the trip to Europe and to forego the acclaim which your athletic prowess will unquestionably bring you. On the other hand, it is my firm conviction that the issue of participation in the nineteen thirty six Olympics, if held in Germany under the present regime, transcends all other issues. Participation by American athletes, and especially by those of our own race, which has suffered more than any other from American race hatred, would I firmly believe, do irreparable harm the very pre eminence of American negro athletes. Gives them an unparalleled opportunity to strike a blow at racial bigotry and to make other minority groups conscious of the sameness of their problem with ours. If the Hitlers and Mussolini's of the world are successful, it is inevitable that dictatorships based upon prejudice will spread throughout the world. White never sent that letter, but it captured how a lot of people understood the stakes of the choice that Jesse Owens had to make deny his Olympic dreams for the good of Black America or go to the games at their expense.

At first, Jesse Owens seemed to see the situation in Germany clearly, the violence and the discrimination, and he supported the boycott. He knew what it was like living in the United States under Jim Crow and segregation. He said in a radio interview that quote, if there is discrimination against minorities in Germany, then we must withdraw from the Olympics, to which his white coach, Larry Snyder responded, basically, suit yourself, but if you skip the Olympics, you're going to be and this is his exact phrase, A forgotten man. The opposite of a somebody. In the end, eighteen black athletes went to Berlin with the US Olympic team that year. Each of them had to wrestle privately with the question of whether or not to participate, but because of the Glass Bowl, Jesse Owens had to do it in public. There were endless opinions about what he should do. Even the secretary of the NAACP, Walter White, had an opinion best represented in a letter to Owens that he drafted but never sent, which now sits in the archives. I fully realize how great a sacrifice it will be for you to give up the trip to Europe and to forego the acclaim which your athletic prowess will unquestionably bring you. On the other hand, it is my firm conviction that the issue of participation in the nineteen thirty six Olympics, if held in Germany under the present regime, transcends all other issues. Participation by American athletes, and especially by those of our own race, which has suffered more than any other from American race hatred, would I firmly believe, do irreparable harm the very pre eminence of American negro athletes. Gives them an unparalleled opportunity to strike a blow at racial bigotry and to make other minority groups conscious of the sameness of their problem with ours. If the Hitlers and Mussolini's of the world are successful, it is inevitable that dictatorships based upon prejudice will spread throughout the world. White never sent that letter, but it captured how a lot of people understood the stakes of the choice that Jesse Owens had to make deny his Olympic dreams for the good of Black America or go to the games at their expense.

But you could have given up at this point. You didn't have to go on with it. If the recognition and the status hadn't been as important to you as it was, you could have sat un through with this nonsense. I'm going to finish my education and the one and become a lawyer or something else.

But you could have given up at this point. You didn't have to go on with it. If the recognition and the status hadn't been as important to you as it was, you could have sat un through with this nonsense. I'm going to finish my education and the one and become a lawyer or something else.

Well, this you could have done. But yet and still you feel that here you are, where people have made it possible for you to start. Why at this point become See you're not any greater, then the people will make you. You can do a number of things. But if the people are not with you, then who knows about.

Well, this you could have done. But yet and still you feel that here you are, where people have made it possible for you to start. Why at this point become See you're not any greater, then the people will make you. You can do a number of things. But if the people are not with you, then who knows about.

Leave the gospel, become a forgotten man. So Jesse Owens went to the Olympics with everyone watching, and he made a miracle athleteca coming second up on it.

Leave the gospel, become a forgotten man. So Jesse Owens went to the Olympics with everyone watching, and he made a miracle athleteca coming second up on it.

Makes the others look as if they're working.

Makes the others look as if they're working.

He won gold medals in each of his events, the one hundred and two hundred meters dashes, the one hundred meter relay, in that legendary broad jump, and for a lot of people, all those medals seemed to validate his choice to go. He'd proven Hitler wrong with every step, so much Farian supremacy. That's where the story of Jesse Owens usually ends, but there's so much more to it. After the track and field events, in nineteen thirty six, the athletes toured Europe for a series of track meets. Avery Brandage, Newly, a member of the International Olympic Committee, had organized it with the Amateur Athletic Union. The organizations would pocket their cut of the ticket sales, but the athletes couldn't make money from the meets. Remember the games were for amateurs, no money for sport. Jesse Owens, this one said. All we athletes get out of this Olympic business is a view out of a train or airplane window. It gets tiresome, it really does, staring out those windows. I think he had started to contemplate his future, and I don't think he liked what he saw. They were expected to keep training, compete for a few more years until their bodies started to fall apart. Maybe there'd be another Olympic Games. But then what Owens didn't come from a rich family. He'd barely had the time to get an education with all his training. What kind of job could he do once his athletic career was over. After the Berlin Games, he was really famous. Offers had started to come in. Twenty five grand for two weeks with an orchestra in California, forty grand for ten weeks of shows with the entertainer Eddie Canter. Now that's serious money. In nineteen thirty six, that was a fortune. He began to think about leaving the tour and going home. Could be rich, but going professional would be violating Olympic rules and missing the rest of the tour would too. He could never compete at the Olympics again. Those were the rules, rules enforced by Avery Brandage, who took amateurism extremely seriously. After the Berlin Games, a reporter asked him about rumors that Owens was going to quit the post Olympics tour, and.

He won gold medals in each of his events, the one hundred and two hundred meters dashes, the one hundred meter relay, in that legendary broad jump, and for a lot of people, all those medals seemed to validate his choice to go. He'd proven Hitler wrong with every step, so much Farian supremacy. That's where the story of Jesse Owens usually ends, but there's so much more to it. After the track and field events, in nineteen thirty six, the athletes toured Europe for a series of track meets. Avery Brandage, Newly, a member of the International Olympic Committee, had organized it with the Amateur Athletic Union. The organizations would pocket their cut of the ticket sales, but the athletes couldn't make money from the meets. Remember the games were for amateurs, no money for sport. Jesse Owens, this one said. All we athletes get out of this Olympic business is a view out of a train or airplane window. It gets tiresome, it really does, staring out those windows. I think he had started to contemplate his future, and I don't think he liked what he saw. They were expected to keep training, compete for a few more years until their bodies started to fall apart. Maybe there'd be another Olympic Games. But then what Owens didn't come from a rich family. He'd barely had the time to get an education with all his training. What kind of job could he do once his athletic career was over. After the Berlin Games, he was really famous. Offers had started to come in. Twenty five grand for two weeks with an orchestra in California, forty grand for ten weeks of shows with the entertainer Eddie Canter. Now that's serious money. In nineteen thirty six, that was a fortune. He began to think about leaving the tour and going home. Could be rich, but going professional would be violating Olympic rules and missing the rest of the tour would too. He could never compete at the Olympics again. Those were the rules, rules enforced by Avery Brandage, who took amateurism extremely seriously. After the Berlin Games, a reporter asked him about rumors that Owens was going to quit the post Olympics tour, and.

I'd understand the Bandage that the received information that Owen will not go to the top.

I'd understand the Bandage that the received information that Owen will not go to the top.

Doc Colney will not appear.

Doc Colney will not appear.

I hope that Owen will be build engagement when one of the Pinot boys we've had, and we hope that there will be nothing to mar this record.

I hope that Owen will be build engagement when one of the Pinot boys we've had, and we hope that there will be nothing to mar this record.

These were crocodile tears. By the time he gave that interview, Avery Brandage already knew that Jesse Owens had a ticket for a steamer back to the United States leaving before the end of that tour.

These were crocodile tears. By the time he gave that interview, Avery Brandage already knew that Jesse Owens had a ticket for a steamer back to the United States leaving before the end of that tour.

Well, I just hope that all these up the room mud.

Well, I just hope that all these up the room mud.

Jesse Owens was banned for life from amateur sport. The nineteen thirty six Games would be the last act and the pinnacle of his athletic career. He went to the press with a rare complaint. I came over to Europe with only ten dollars in my pocket. To make matters worse, I've lost six pounds being pushed around and circused all over Europe. They sent me to Prague from Cologne without a cent and I had to run a race in Prague without having had an ounce of food for ten hours. I am turning professional because I'm busted and know the difficulties encountered by any member of my race in getting financial security. I want to get some money while I'm in the spotlight. He tried to make the most of it. He became an entertainer, even tried tap dancing, and along the way he was working to keep up with sports too, But it was like everything had gone a little sour. He was supposed to race against another amateur in Cuba, a sprinter, until Avery brundagecaw wind and said he'd banned that sprinter from American amateur sport if he went through with the race, so they replaced the guy with a horse Cuba.

Jesse Owens was banned for life from amateur sport. The nineteen thirty six Games would be the last act and the pinnacle of his athletic career. He went to the press with a rare complaint. I came over to Europe with only ten dollars in my pocket. To make matters worse, I've lost six pounds being pushed around and circused all over Europe. They sent me to Prague from Cologne without a cent and I had to run a race in Prague without having had an ounce of food for ten hours. I am turning professional because I'm busted and know the difficulties encountered by any member of my race in getting financial security. I want to get some money while I'm in the spotlight. He tried to make the most of it. He became an entertainer, even tried tap dancing, and along the way he was working to keep up with sports too, But it was like everything had gone a little sour. He was supposed to race against another amateur in Cuba, a sprinter, until Avery brundagecaw wind and said he'd banned that sprinter from American amateur sport if he went through with the race, so they replaced the guy with a horse Cuba.

Jesse Owens, the Ebonistrick of Olympic Games, celebrates turning professional by racing against a horse.

Jesse Owens, the Ebonistrick of Olympic Games, celebrates turning professional by racing against a horse.

Jesse had a start at forty yards and one.

Jesse had a start at forty yards and one.

Hundred and he won by injes and oh a lot.

Hundred and he won by injes and oh a lot.

So when Jesse Owens went professional, that essentially was the choice he made to spend the rest of his life reliving those two weeks. In August nineteen thirty six, he was trapped as if he jumped into that broad jump pit and sunk to his knees in quicksand which is not to say that it wasn't also a good life. He had three daughters, He was involved in presidential campaigning. He ran a fitness program during the war for the US Office of Civilian Defense. He led a big life, but in order to do all the other stuff, he had to keep the dream of those two weeks alive. You can even hear this in that oral history when they start on that third tape, Jesse Owens is in the middle of talking about his actual life now in the nineteen sixties. He's complaining about some business deal that went south.

So when Jesse Owens went professional, that essentially was the choice he made to spend the rest of his life reliving those two weeks. In August nineteen thirty six, he was trapped as if he jumped into that broad jump pit and sunk to his knees in quicksand which is not to say that it wasn't also a good life. He had three daughters, He was involved in presidential campaigning. He ran a fitness program during the war for the US Office of Civilian Defense. He led a big life, but in order to do all the other stuff, he had to keep the dream of those two weeks alive. You can even hear this in that oral history when they start on that third tape, Jesse Owens is in the middle of talking about his actual life now in the nineteen sixties. He's complaining about some business deal that went south.

Deal for me and I got to sing over to the bank and I made a mistake by not having two sources, you know.

Deal for me and I got to sing over to the bank and I made a mistake by not having two sources, you know.

So again this was a guy with a life. But the interviewer is like, yeah, sure, sure, what about the Olympics?

So again this was a guy with a life. But the interviewer is like, yeah, sure, sure, what about the Olympics?

Though, what else is new? Jesse, Let's go way back now to nineteen thirty six and reminisce about the Olympics. I'm sure that you have told this story how many hundreds of times to how many papers and magners using this person, and this has been broadcast certainly then many times, but for the Historical Library would like to have a record of the Olympics in your own words, the feeling.

Though, what else is new? Jesse, Let's go way back now to nineteen thirty six and reminisce about the Olympics. I'm sure that you have told this story how many hundreds of times to how many papers and magners using this person, and this has been broadcast certainly then many times, but for the Historical Library would like to have a record of the Olympics in your own words, the feeling.

That you had when you His job was telling the story of the Olympics. And once she asks, he gets right to it.

That you had when you His job was telling the story of the Olympics. And once she asks, he gets right to it.

I remember it was in July July the fourth of nineteen thirty six when we had the final tryouts for the Olympics at Randos Island, and that was the fourth.

I remember it was in July July the fourth of nineteen thirty six when we had the final tryouts for the Olympics at Randos Island, and that was the fourth.

But the thing about telling one story for your entire life is that the meaning of that story has to keep changing with the times, to stay marketable, to keep enough eyes on that glass bowl. And in nineteen fifty one, at that halftime speech during the Harlem Globe Trotter's game, he discovered its most powerful edition, Loots Long. We'll be right back. I guess first, can you tell me about that Globe Trotter's game in the Berlin Stadium in nineteen fifty one. Sure, I'm talking to Damien L. Thomas, Curator of Sports at the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. He's the author of the book Globe Trotting, African American Athletes and Cold War Politics.

But the thing about telling one story for your entire life is that the meaning of that story has to keep changing with the times, to stay marketable, to keep enough eyes on that glass bowl. And in nineteen fifty one, at that halftime speech during the Harlem Globe Trotter's game, he discovered its most powerful edition, Loots Long. We'll be right back. I guess first, can you tell me about that Globe Trotter's game in the Berlin Stadium in nineteen fifty one. Sure, I'm talking to Damien L. Thomas, Curator of Sports at the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. He's the author of the book Globe Trotting, African American Athletes and Cold War Politics.

The Harlem Globetrotters were just starting to travel internationally, and they had played a game in Frankfurt a couple of days before, and one American official had asked them to play this game in West Berlin because at the time, the Soviets were doing a lot of festivals, a lot of exchanges, and they wanted to ensure that the US and the West was able to tell their own story.

The Harlem Globetrotters were just starting to travel internationally, and they had played a game in Frankfurt a couple of days before, and one American official had asked them to play this game in West Berlin because at the time, the Soviets were doing a lot of festivals, a lot of exchanges, and they wanted to ensure that the US and the West was able to tell their own story.

In the Cold War, the US and the USSR were fighting for the hearts and minds of the rest of the world, which led them bizarrely straight to the Harlem Globetrotters.

In the Cold War, the US and the USSR were fighting for the hearts and minds of the rest of the world, which led them bizarrely straight to the Harlem Globetrotters.

The Harlem Globetrotters basketball Wizard's extraordinary their patents planned them bring in play sandy capers that made them the most popular team in the history of the sport.

The Harlem Globetrotters basketball Wizard's extraordinary their patents planned them bring in play sandy capers that made them the most popular team in the history of the sport.

Before the NBA was a big deal, before black people played even college basketball and any great numbers, the Heartlem Globetrotterers were kind of traveling basketball circus. True to the name, they were all.

Before the NBA was a big deal, before black people played even college basketball and any great numbers, the Heartlem Globetrotterers were kind of traveling basketball circus. True to the name, they were all.

Over the place, Harlem Groctore.

Over the place, Harlem Groctore.

It was a major operation run by one of the most infamous and ruthless sports promoters of all time, a white guy named Abe Sapperstein.

It was a major operation run by one of the most infamous and ruthless sports promoters of all time, a white guy named Abe Sapperstein.

I'm gooi twelve, Come on, let's push again.

I'm gooi twelve, Come on, let's push again.

You've probably seen footage of them playing a lot of fake passes, improbable shots, and goofing around, except they're totally incredible at basketball, even in slow motion. They're magical hands fool you. I was talking to Damian Thomas though, because underneath the goofiness there was something more sinister going on.

You've probably seen footage of them playing a lot of fake passes, improbable shots, and goofing around, except they're totally incredible at basketball, even in slow motion. They're magical hands fool you. I was talking to Damian Thomas though, because underneath the goofiness there was something more sinister going on.

The Harlem Lowe Trotters were also so deeply tied to minstro se, which was the dominant form of entertainment in America from the eighteen eighties through the nineteen early nineteen fifties.

The Harlem Lowe Trotters were also so deeply tied to minstro se, which was the dominant form of entertainment in America from the eighteen eighties through the nineteen early nineteen fifties.

The players, almost all black Americans, were often referred to as clowns.

The players, almost all black Americans, were often referred to as clowns.

Meet the most colorful comedy acting in present day. Spot Purists say they make a mockery of the game. They clown, they juggle, they fool.

Meet the most colorful comedy acting in present day. Spot Purists say they make a mockery of the game. They clown, they juggle, they fool.

But where some people might see a kind of basketball circus, the State Department saw the perfect propaganda weapon.

But where some people might see a kind of basketball circus, the State Department saw the perfect propaganda weapon.

People often didn't think of sports as having ideological content, and so whereas other forms of American culture would be resisting sometimes Coca cola, sometimes blue jeans, rock and roll, and American movies were shunt people often welcomed basketball because they didn't think of it as as had been in a propagandistic function. But it did, and it's one of the things that made it very important is that people didn't see it as containing hidden messages.

People often didn't think of sports as having ideological content, and so whereas other forms of American culture would be resisting sometimes Coca cola, sometimes blue jeans, rock and roll, and American movies were shunt people often welcomed basketball because they didn't think of it as as had been in a propagandistic function. But it did, and it's one of the things that made it very important is that people didn't see it as containing hidden messages.

A lot of Soviet propaganda during the Cold War called out the lie of American equality. The US might talk about all people being equal, but the country was segregated and really only white people had a shot at a decent quality of life. It was true and a particularly useful message for the USSR trying to get African and Asian countries to align with them instead of the US. So the United States responded with a big hidden message about the globetrotters, a message with two parts. First part, hey, look we have wealthy black people in this country, and the second, much more sinister part, look at these clowns. Don't you see why we're segregating them.

A lot of Soviet propaganda during the Cold War called out the lie of American equality. The US might talk about all people being equal, but the country was segregated and really only white people had a shot at a decent quality of life. It was true and a particularly useful message for the USSR trying to get African and Asian countries to align with them instead of the US. So the United States responded with a big hidden message about the globetrotters, a message with two parts. First part, hey, look we have wealthy black people in this country, and the second, much more sinister part, look at these clowns. Don't you see why we're segregating them.

Number fifty is Goose Tato, clown with the longest arms in the spot with his seven foot overall reachie rakes in seven thousand a year from a team which grows a million last season.

Number fifty is Goose Tato, clown with the longest arms in the spot with his seven foot overall reachie rakes in seven thousand a year from a team which grows a million last season.

You would see these situations where maybe Goose Tatum, who was the lead clown, which lay on the floor and read read the newspaper while the game was going on on the other end of the floor, designed to stress that African Americans were lazy and then we were unresponsible or weren't mentally engaged in the game. And so you saw all of these various ways where the stereotypes played out in some of the comedic routines of the low tribes. It allows the State Department to make the argument that African Americans don't have full quality, don't have all the opportunities that are available to white Americans because they are lazy, they're as intelligent, they are not ready to occupy a space of full equality.

You would see these situations where maybe Goose Tatum, who was the lead clown, which lay on the floor and read read the newspaper while the game was going on on the other end of the floor, designed to stress that African Americans were lazy and then we were unresponsible or weren't mentally engaged in the game. And so you saw all of these various ways where the stereotypes played out in some of the comedic routines of the low tribes. It allows the State Department to make the argument that African Americans don't have full quality, don't have all the opportunities that are available to white Americans because they are lazy, they're as intelligent, they are not ready to occupy a space of full equality.

The State Department needed black success stories that also made segregation look okay. Enter the Globetrotters and Jesse Owens And how did Jesse Owens become involved in all this?

The State Department needed black success stories that also made segregation look okay. Enter the Globetrotters and Jesse Owens And how did Jesse Owens become involved in all this?

All throughout the nineteen forties, Jesse Owens had traveled sporadically with the Harlem Globe Trotters and he would serve a variety of functions. He would serve as the press secretary, the announcer during the game, and also as halftime entertainment. And typically when he performed during halftime, they would set up hurdles around the court and Jesse Owens would jump over the hurdles around the core as a halftime entertainment spectacle.

All throughout the nineteen forties, Jesse Owens had traveled sporadically with the Harlem Globe Trotters and he would serve a variety of functions. He would serve as the press secretary, the announcer during the game, and also as halftime entertainment. And typically when he performed during halftime, they would set up hurdles around the court and Jesse Owens would jump over the hurdles around the core as a halftime entertainment spectacle.

At one of the Globetrotters promoters events, he ran a race against another Black Castle fleet on his hands and knees even worse than that horse race in Cuba.

At one of the Globetrotters promoters events, he ran a race against another Black Castle fleet on his hands and knees even worse than that horse race in Cuba.

He writes about that, and he writes about how he felt humiliated and felt as if he was being treated less than. But then he also writes, well, what else was I supposed to do?

He writes about that, and he writes about how he felt humiliated and felt as if he was being treated less than. But then he also writes, well, what else was I supposed to do?

Yeah?

Yeah?

What would other options available?

What would other options available?

And that is how in nineteen fifty one, Jesse Owens returned to the Berlin Stadium at the behest of the State Department as the Black Superstar, with a story to tell about a kind Nazi. Jesse Owens had spent much of his life in the Glass Bowl. He knew the rules, and so during his second visit to Berlin, he focused on the part of his story the Americans and the Germans most needed, the part about Lutslang, a good white German who'd embraced a black man just the day before that Globetrotters game. Owens had finally met Lutslong's widow and his son Kai. It seems he told them that untrue story about the qualifying round and how Lutzlang had helped him keep from fouling out, and maybe he'd seen how much the story of Long's kindness had touched Kai too. It was another story with two messages, Hey, look, the US and Germany can be friends again too, And also how bad could segregation be if this black superstar could still see the humanity in a white Nazi And it was a smash success. Owens stood outside that stadium for hours after that game, signing autographs. The US State Department's office in Berlin sent home a report. Appearance Harlem Globetrotters with Jesse Owens in Olympic Stadium August twenty two even more successful than anticipated.

And that is how in nineteen fifty one, Jesse Owens returned to the Berlin Stadium at the behest of the State Department as the Black Superstar, with a story to tell about a kind Nazi. Jesse Owens had spent much of his life in the Glass Bowl. He knew the rules, and so during his second visit to Berlin, he focused on the part of his story the Americans and the Germans most needed, the part about Lutslang, a good white German who'd embraced a black man just the day before that Globetrotters game. Owens had finally met Lutslong's widow and his son Kai. It seems he told them that untrue story about the qualifying round and how Lutzlang had helped him keep from fouling out, and maybe he'd seen how much the story of Long's kindness had touched Kai too. It was another story with two messages, Hey, look, the US and Germany can be friends again too, And also how bad could segregation be if this black superstar could still see the humanity in a white Nazi And it was a smash success. Owens stood outside that stadium for hours after that game, signing autographs. The US State Department's office in Berlin sent home a report. Appearance Harlem Globetrotters with Jesse Owens in Olympic Stadium August twenty two even more successful than anticipated.

And this became one of the most requested stories that Jesse Wootaeil while the speaker started.

And this became one of the most requested stories that Jesse Wootaeil while the speaker started.

After that trip to Germany, Owens began to tell increasingly a laborate stories about Lutslog. By the nineteen sixties, In public, the story had grown to Lutslang helping Owens to qualify. Later came the apocryphal letters, but with each version of that story, Owens was masterfully navigating the complexities of Cold War US racial politics. It's somehow an apology for his own excellence, because the premise of the story is that he, a person who holds the world record and broad jumping, needs to be instructed on how to approach the pit by a Nazi.

After that trip to Germany, Owens began to tell increasingly a laborate stories about Lutslog. By the nineteen sixties, In public, the story had grown to Lutslang helping Owens to qualify. Later came the apocryphal letters, but with each version of that story, Owens was masterfully navigating the complexities of Cold War US racial politics. It's somehow an apology for his own excellence, because the premise of the story is that he, a person who holds the world record and broad jumping, needs to be instructed on how to approach the pit by a Nazi.

No, but actually been it's worse than that, because the story itself has its own kind of implied racial bias, which is, he's not just being instructed about how to conduct the long jump.

No, but actually been it's worse than that, because the story itself has its own kind of implied racial bias, which is, he's not just being instructed about how to conduct the long jump.

He's lost control of his own emotions.

He's lost control of his own emotions.

Yes, he's being instructed about how to control his emotions.

Yes, he's being instructed about how to control his emotions.

Yeah, Actually he's not being told how to control his emotions. He's being told how to handle the fact that he will continue to be unable to control his emotions. It's not like it's not like lou lout Song comes up and is like, here's a transcendental meditation that I think you could do to really get this under control.

Yeah, Actually he's not being told how to control his emotions. He's being told how to handle the fact that he will continue to be unable to control his emotions. It's not like it's not like lou lout Song comes up and is like, here's a transcendental meditation that I think you could do to really get this under control.

I mean, the meta story in that story is so kind of like weird and distasteful, and Jesse Owens is forced to play along with this kind of deeply offensive narrative.

I mean, the meta story in that story is so kind of like weird and distasteful, and Jesse Owens is forced to play along with this kind of deeply offensive narrative.

But that's that's the really sad part though, is he's not he's not forced to play along with it, like he generates the narrative. Like there's many people that I'm suspicious of who play several meaningful white co writers on this story. But I really think that Jesse Owens is the first mover.

But that's that's the really sad part though, is he's not he's not forced to play along with it, like he generates the narrative. Like there's many people that I'm suspicious of who play several meaningful white co writers on this story. But I really think that Jesse Owens is the first mover.

So he's so internalized these Yeah, well, he knows enough, he knows enough about what it means to be a black man in nineteen thirty six that he knows that that's the story. That's the plausible version of the story.

So he's so internalized these Yeah, well, he knows enough, he knows enough about what it means to be a black man in nineteen thirty six that he knows that that's the story. That's the plausible version of the story.

We almost always tell the story of Jesse Owens's Gold medals as a story of triumph. Actually, Triumph is the title of a best selling book about him. It's the name of a Jesse Owens History Channel documentary that just came out. And I'm not saying that Jesse Owens didn't triumph, or that he didn't enjoy the fame or the money. But look at what two weeks of triumph cost him a life behind glass, playing a version of himself in a story of racial reconciliation that he must have on some level known was just not true. And it was a story that worked like magic until all of a sudden it didn't. We'll be right back. Jesse had been telling one version or another of the Lutslog story for nearly twenty years when it finally went mainstream in nineteen sixty eight. That was the year Jesse Owens Returns to Berlin came out. The film by the legendary Olympic documentary and Bud Greenspan. It builds up to that globetrotter's trip in nineteen fifty one, the jog around the track, the standing ovation, but the heart of the piece is Lutslang's son, Kai, I have.

We almost always tell the story of Jesse Owens's Gold medals as a story of triumph. Actually, Triumph is the title of a best selling book about him. It's the name of a Jesse Owens History Channel documentary that just came out. And I'm not saying that Jesse Owens didn't triumph, or that he didn't enjoy the fame or the money. But look at what two weeks of triumph cost him a life behind glass, playing a version of himself in a story of racial reconciliation that he must have on some level known was just not true. And it was a story that worked like magic until all of a sudden it didn't. We'll be right back. Jesse had been telling one version or another of the Lutslog story for nearly twenty years when it finally went mainstream in nineteen sixty eight. That was the year Jesse Owens Returns to Berlin came out. The film by the legendary Olympic documentary and Bud Greenspan. It builds up to that globetrotter's trip in nineteen fifty one, the jog around the track, the standing ovation, but the heart of the piece is Lutslang's son, Kai, I have.

Very often seen pictures from you and the photographs of my father. Please tell me about this competition here in the stadium, because I've my father only seen for three times. I was born nineteen forty one and my father has died in ninety forty three.

Very often seen pictures from you and the photographs of my father. Please tell me about this competition here in the stadium, because I've my father only seen for three times. I was born nineteen forty one and my father has died in ninety forty three.

Remember, Kai was still a kid when his dad died. He didn't know his father, and in the film, Jesse Owens tells him a story about how his dad helped Owens qualify for the broad jump.

Remember, Kai was still a kid when his dad died. He didn't know his father, and in the film, Jesse Owens tells him a story about how his dad helped Owens qualify for the broad jump.

Ki, you probably don't know it, but your father was greatly responsible for my winning the broad jump in nineteen thirty six. It all happened on the other side of the field here, but we had the premonaries for the running broad jump, and on the first two jumps, I followed on one and didn't go far enough on the other and your father came to my assistance and he helped me measure a footback of the takeoff board, and he helped the tape until I measured a foot back as far as my takeoff was concerned. And then I came down and I hit between these two marks, and therefore I qualified, and that led to the victory in the running broad jump.

Ki, you probably don't know it, but your father was greatly responsible for my winning the broad jump in nineteen thirty six. It all happened on the other side of the field here, but we had the premonaries for the running broad jump, and on the first two jumps, I followed on one and didn't go far enough on the other and your father came to my assistance and he helped me measure a footback of the takeoff board, and he helped the tape until I measured a foot back as far as my takeoff was concerned. And then I came down and I hit between these two marks, and therefore I qualified, and that led to the victory in the running broad jump.

He seemed to say, sure, your dad would go on to fight with the Nazis, but he was a good man. Kai asked Owens if he'd like to recreate the famous photograph of his father. They laid down in the grass together. The film was a huge, huge hit, the first time Jesse Owens really got his Olympic glory back. The nineteen thirty six games were before people had televisions in their homes, so Americans hadn't really seen the footage of the games before that movie hadn't seen just how incredible Jesse Owens's Olympic achievement was. I haven't watched a lot of track and field, but it still takes my breath away. The long jump, especially, it just looks like he's running on air, and as he leaps, he raises his hand above his head and he just soars.

He seemed to say, sure, your dad would go on to fight with the Nazis, but he was a good man. Kai asked Owens if he'd like to recreate the famous photograph of his father. They laid down in the grass together. The film was a huge, huge hit, the first time Jesse Owens really got his Olympic glory back. The nineteen thirty six games were before people had televisions in their homes, so Americans hadn't really seen the footage of the games before that movie hadn't seen just how incredible Jesse Owens's Olympic achievement was. I haven't watched a lot of track and field, but it still takes my breath away. The long jump, especially, it just looks like he's running on air, and as he leaps, he raises his hand above his head and he just soars.

It was at Olympic record one to sixty five and one third inches. The first one to greet name was looks Long, an athlete of special carriage. He put his arms around him and we walked down the broad jump runway directly in front of Chapley Hitler's box.

It was at Olympic record one to sixty five and one third inches. The first one to greet name was looks Long, an athlete of special carriage. He put his arms around him and we walked down the broad jump runway directly in front of Chapley Hitler's box.

The Bud Greenspan documentary meant that Jesse Owens finally had it all again, his fame, his financial security, and his Olympic glory back, and all that had come just in time for another Olympic Games, Mexico City, nineteen sixty eight. By that point, Avery Brendage had become the first American President of the International Olympic Committee, and decades after suspending Jesse Owens, Olympic leaders had seen the power of the Owens story and welcomed him back to the Olympic movement as a kind of figurehead. In Mexico, Jesse Owens was a guest of the government, an adjunct of the US Olympic Committee, and a radio commentator. But once again, the Games were about something more than sports. That year, it was the summer of nineteen sixty eight, the height of the civil rights movement, and like in nineteen thirty six, there was talk of black American athletes protesting the games, specifically the track athletes Tommy Smith and John Carlos. Everyone was on eggshells. One day during the Games, Jesse Owens was walking through the Olympic village when he ran into Carlos. I know this because Owens's radio co host Les Kider was with him, and later he wrote about it in his memoirs. Carlos apparently confided in Owens that he was planning some kind of protest the next day. Owen got anxious and told him not to do anything public, and then apparently Carlos got frustrated and in the middle of the Olympic village he pointed a finger at Jesse Owens and yelled, you goddamn uncle. Tom Owens was stunned. The next day, John Carlos won bronze in the two hundred meter sprint and Tommy Smith won the gold. Owens was in the radio booth high above the field watching. According to that radio co host Les Kider, Owens said, boy, I hope nothing happens when they play the national anthem. They might refuse to accept the awards instead, something much more dramatic happened. They accepted their medals, but then they took the podium shoeless and raised glovefists in a black power salute. The image was broadcast across the world.

The Bud Greenspan documentary meant that Jesse Owens finally had it all again, his fame, his financial security, and his Olympic glory back, and all that had come just in time for another Olympic Games, Mexico City, nineteen sixty eight. By that point, Avery Brendage had become the first American President of the International Olympic Committee, and decades after suspending Jesse Owens, Olympic leaders had seen the power of the Owens story and welcomed him back to the Olympic movement as a kind of figurehead. In Mexico, Jesse Owens was a guest of the government, an adjunct of the US Olympic Committee, and a radio commentator. But once again, the Games were about something more than sports. That year, it was the summer of nineteen sixty eight, the height of the civil rights movement, and like in nineteen thirty six, there was talk of black American athletes protesting the games, specifically the track athletes Tommy Smith and John Carlos. Everyone was on eggshells. One day during the Games, Jesse Owens was walking through the Olympic village when he ran into Carlos. I know this because Owens's radio co host Les Kider was with him, and later he wrote about it in his memoirs. Carlos apparently confided in Owens that he was planning some kind of protest the next day. Owen got anxious and told him not to do anything public, and then apparently Carlos got frustrated and in the middle of the Olympic village he pointed a finger at Jesse Owens and yelled, you goddamn uncle. Tom Owens was stunned. The next day, John Carlos won bronze in the two hundred meter sprint and Tommy Smith won the gold. Owens was in the radio booth high above the field watching. According to that radio co host Les Kider, Owens said, boy, I hope nothing happens when they play the national anthem. They might refuse to accept the awards instead, something much more dramatic happened. They accepted their medals, but then they took the podium shoeless and raised glovefists in a black power salute. The image was broadcast across the world.

Yesterday, they came in first and third in the two hundred meter dash and then stood on the victory platform with wildheads wearing black socks and gloves and a racial protest.

Yesterday, they came in first and third in the two hundred meter dash and then stood on the victory platform with wildheads wearing black socks and gloves and a racial protest.

Kider said that when Jesse Owens learned what Smith and Carlos had done, he sat there and repeated three words to himself, Oh my god.

Kider said that when Jesse Owens learned what Smith and Carlos had done, he sat there and repeated three words to himself, Oh my god.

They were also breaking a very important unwritten rule in America, which is you don't criticize the United States in foreign land. And so Jesse Owens was aware of that rule in the thirties and in the forties, and he was certainly someone who abided by that.

They were also breaking a very important unwritten rule in America, which is you don't criticize the United States in foreign land. And so Jesse Owens was aware of that rule in the thirties and in the forties, and he was certainly someone who abided by that.

That's Damian Thomas again, Smithsonian Sports Curator.

That's Damian Thomas again, Smithsonian Sports Curator.

Jesse Owens is from an era where it was important for you to be a credit to your race. And so the way in which you advanced African American opportunity access was through good behavior. It was through embodying these middle class values chastity thrift tempoints. But by nineteen sixty eight. African Americans are half of the players in the NBA, a third in the NFL, and a quarter in Major League Baseball, and so the mere presence of African American athletes is no longer seen as progressive in and of itself. It's seen as now the status quote thirty years after Jesse Owens. Jesse Owens won gold and so athletes in the nineteen sixties are now saying that the country needs to do more, that you need to be more engaged with solving racial problems and racial issues, and so athletes by nineteen sixty eight are willing to confront America. And they're willing to confront America before a worldwide audience.

Jesse Owens is from an era where it was important for you to be a credit to your race. And so the way in which you advanced African American opportunity access was through good behavior. It was through embodying these middle class values chastity thrift tempoints. But by nineteen sixty eight. African Americans are half of the players in the NBA, a third in the NFL, and a quarter in Major League Baseball, and so the mere presence of African American athletes is no longer seen as progressive in and of itself. It's seen as now the status quote thirty years after Jesse Owens. Jesse Owens won gold and so athletes in the nineteen sixties are now saying that the country needs to do more, that you need to be more engaged with solving racial problems and racial issues, and so athletes by nineteen sixty eight are willing to confront America. And they're willing to confront America before a worldwide audience.

Avery Brandage was apoplectic, and in one of the most deeply cynical twists of fate, Brandage and the International Olympic Committee asked Jesse Owens, whom they'd previously banned for life, to go see Tommy Smith and John Carlos to ask them to apologize and promise not to protest again. And he did. He was received the way you might expect. They would not be apologizing. Tommy Smith and John Carlos were kicked out of the Olympic village and banned from future games. They had faced a conundrum a lot like Jesse Owens had thirty two years earlier, but they made the opposite choice. Jesse Owens must have felt as if his whole life was on trial. I mean, just listened to Tommy Smith.

Avery Brandage was apoplectic, and in one of the most deeply cynical twists of fate, Brandage and the International Olympic Committee asked Jesse Owens, whom they'd previously banned for life, to go see Tommy Smith and John Carlos to ask them to apologize and promise not to protest again. And he did. He was received the way you might expect. They would not be apologizing. Tommy Smith and John Carlos were kicked out of the Olympic village and banned from future games. They had faced a conundrum a lot like Jesse Owens had thirty two years earlier, but they made the opposite choice. Jesse Owens must have felt as if his whole life was on trial. I mean, just listened to Tommy Smith.

Had I been a good boy in Mexico, I could have probably been a monetarily richer, and I would probably have been a bigger figure that I am right now. Well yet, and still I would have to fight myself from the inside.

Had I been a good boy in Mexico, I could have probably been a monetarily richer, and I would probably have been a bigger figure that I am right now. Well yet, and still I would have to fight myself from the inside.

The day after their protests, on air, Owens's radio co host asked him to compare the Black Power Salute with being snubbed by Adolf Hitler in nineteen thirty six, another story about something that had never happened. Owens was taken aback. He just spent the whole night trying to get the athletes to apologize. He paused for a second and said the two are not similar, but I guess I was the only one involved in both. And then he talked about the night before, and he began to weep. It all hit Owens extremely hard, so hard that he wrote a book length response to the Black Power movement. He titled it Black think one of a series of books he wrote at the end of his life with a white co author, and here we find ourselves again at louts Long. That book came out just two years after the Mexico City Games, but it's almost written like he's still there. There's a kind of urgency to it. It's like what he wishes he'd said in that conversation with John Carlos and Tommy Smith, And what did he wish he'd told them a story about a good German loots Long, about how his friendship across racial lines was even bigger and even more improbable than anyone ever could have imagined. At blacks climactic moment, Jesse Owens wrote, don't pass up your Olympics and euroluts Long, don't let the Black thinkers sell you out. The significance of that brief interaction just kept growing in Jesse Owens's life story until two years before he died in nineteen seventy eight. With that co author, Jesse Owens published a book called Jesse a Spiritual Autobiography. This is the one with the letter Lutslong supposedly sent right before he died in the deserts of North Africa a place in truth he never fought. It's kind of a beautiful letter, though, even knowing it's not true. I still get choked up when I read it. But it's the dedication on spiritual autobiography that really gets me. Owens dedicates the book to two unmatchable teammates, my wife of almost fifty years, Ruth, and the Nazi who fought Hitler with me Loots long, Tom, can you hear me?

The day after their protests, on air, Owens's radio co host asked him to compare the Black Power Salute with being snubbed by Adolf Hitler in nineteen thirty six, another story about something that had never happened. Owens was taken aback. He just spent the whole night trying to get the athletes to apologize. He paused for a second and said the two are not similar, but I guess I was the only one involved in both. And then he talked about the night before, and he began to weep. It all hit Owens extremely hard, so hard that he wrote a book length response to the Black Power movement. He titled it Black think one of a series of books he wrote at the end of his life with a white co author, and here we find ourselves again at louts Long. That book came out just two years after the Mexico City Games, but it's almost written like he's still there. There's a kind of urgency to it. It's like what he wishes he'd said in that conversation with John Carlos and Tommy Smith, And what did he wish he'd told them a story about a good German loots Long, about how his friendship across racial lines was even bigger and even more improbable than anyone ever could have imagined. At blacks climactic moment, Jesse Owens wrote, don't pass up your Olympics and euroluts Long, don't let the Black thinkers sell you out. The significance of that brief interaction just kept growing in Jesse Owens's life story until two years before he died in nineteen seventy eight. With that co author, Jesse Owens published a book called Jesse a Spiritual Autobiography. This is the one with the letter Lutslong supposedly sent right before he died in the deserts of North Africa a place in truth he never fought. It's kind of a beautiful letter, though, even knowing it's not true. I still get choked up when I read it. But it's the dedication on spiritual autobiography that really gets me. Owens dedicates the book to two unmatchable teammates, my wife of almost fifty years, Ruth, and the Nazi who fought Hitler with me Loots long, Tom, can you hear me?

Okay? I can, Yes, Okay, fantastic.

Okay? I can, Yes, Okay, fantastic.

I had one last question, how did Jesse Owens feel about making this story up? Did he ever talk about it with anyone? So I called Tom Ecker, once a great track and field coach. He trained Sweden for the nineteen sixty eight Games. He's something of an Olympic historian. He's eighty nine now. He was born the year before the nineteen thirty six Games.

I had one last question, how did Jesse Owens feel about making this story up? Did he ever talk about it with anyone? So I called Tom Ecker, once a great track and field coach. He trained Sweden for the nineteen sixty eight Games. He's something of an Olympic historian. He's eighty nine now. He was born the year before the nineteen thirty six Games.

I met with Jesse Owens a few times, and then I brought into Cedar Rapids where I live, and he came here and spoke to a group.

I met with Jesse Owens a few times, and then I brought into Cedar Rapids where I live, and he came here and spoke to a group.

And he slept in your.

And he slept in your.

Daughter's bed, Tom's wife, Carol, Yeah, he slept and he slept at our house. Wow, So you guys actually had a good relationship. Yeah, we got along, really do well. He told a lot of the same stories that I love to hear.

Daughter's bed, Tom's wife, Carol, Yeah, he slept and he slept at our house. Wow, So you guys actually had a good relationship. Yeah, we got along, really do well. He told a lot of the same stories that I love to hear.

One of those stories, of course, was the Lutslong broad jump. Tom had heard the story before, but it didn't quite add up. He'd never seen any official account of an interaction between Owens and Long during that qualifying round. He knew the famous sports writer Grant land Rice had been watching the event through his binoculars, and in a detailed account of that day, Rice described how calm Jesse Owens looked when he made that final jump. He didn't say anything about Lutsloan. Decades later, in Cedar Rapids, Tom says he asked Jesse Owens about the jump himself.

One of those stories, of course, was the Lutslong broad jump. Tom had heard the story before, but it didn't quite add up. He'd never seen any official account of an interaction between Owens and Long during that qualifying round. He knew the famous sports writer Grant land Rice had been watching the event through his binoculars, and in a detailed account of that day, Rice described how calm Jesse Owens looked when he made that final jump. He didn't say anything about Lutsloan. Decades later, in Cedar Rapids, Tom says he asked Jesse Owens about the jump himself.

Oh, yes, yeah, I talked to We talked about Lutslan and the fact that that most of that was made up, he admitted through. Oh yeah, why did he make it up? Oh? He well, he he He wanted he wanted to tell good stories. He told me that that he wanted to just be able to tell good stories, and that that was a good story. We all know what's true.

Oh, yes, yeah, I talked to We talked about Lutslan and the fact that that most of that was made up, he admitted through. Oh yeah, why did he make it up? Oh? He well, he he He wanted he wanted to tell good stories. He told me that that he wanted to just be able to tell good stories, and that that was a good story. We all know what's true.

I'm left with this image of Jesse Owens falling asleep in a little girl's bed, in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where he's once again been called to tell his great story. And what dream could visit him then that one day he woke up alone in a strange land and stepped out onto a great field in a big glass bowl to fight for a country that didn't want him, against the people who were most supposed to hate him, and then all of a sudden one of them reached out and touched him. Under the circumstances, who's telling the truth?

I'm left with this image of Jesse Owens falling asleep in a little girl's bed, in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where he's once again been called to tell his great story. And what dream could visit him then that one day he woke up alone in a strange land and stepped out onto a great field in a big glass bowl to fight for a country that didn't want him, against the people who were most supposed to hate him, and then all of a sudden one of them reached out and touched him. Under the circumstances, who's telling the truth?

We posed as his father and I did on the grass of the stadium, and though it may seem a little childish, doing it brought back memories of a warm interlude in my life when a fellow athletes showed a special grace and a special courtesy when I needed help. I've experienced many moments of the sun, but perhaps the most rewarn was to have Let's long beside me On the Winners Platform.

We posed as his father and I did on the grass of the stadium, and though it may seem a little childish, doing it brought back memories of a warm interlude in my life when a fellow athletes showed a special grace and a special courtesy when I needed help. I've experienced many moments of the sun, but perhaps the most rewarn was to have Let's long beside me On the Winners Platform.

Revisionist History is produced by me Ben Mattaphaffrey, Kalli Emlyn, and Nina Bird Lawrence. Our editor is Sarah Nix. Fact checking on this episode by J. L. Goldfeind. Original scoring by Luis Gara, mastering by Jake Gorsky, Engineering by Nina Bird Lawrence. Our executive producer is Jacob Smith. Special thanks to Karen Chakherji, Wendy Martin, J. D. Landis, and Lee Haffrey for translation help. I'm Ben Mattaphaffrey. For more from our nine part series on Hitler's Olympics, head over to Revisionist History. Thanks for listening.

Revisionist History is produced by me Ben Mattaphaffrey, Kalli Emlyn, and Nina Bird Lawrence. Our editor is Sarah Nix. Fact checking on this episode by J. L. Goldfeind. Original scoring by Luis Gara, mastering by Jake Gorsky, Engineering by Nina Bird Lawrence. Our executive producer is Jacob Smith. Special thanks to Karen Chakherji, Wendy Martin, J. D. Landis, and Lee Haffrey for translation help. I'm Ben Mattaphaffrey. For more from our nine part series on Hitler's Olympics, head over to Revisionist History. Thanks for listening.