This 2016 episode discusses the Doolittle Raid, an attack on Japan launched by the U.S. in retaliation for Pearl Harbor. But the leader of the mission was a legend long before his daring efforts in WWII.

This 2016 episode discusses the Doolittle Raid, an attack on Japan launched by the U.S. in retaliation for Pearl Harbor. But the leader of the mission was a legend long before his daring efforts in WWII.

Join Holly and Tracy as they bring you the greatest and strangest Stuff You Missed In History Class in this podcast by iHeartRadio.

Stuff You Missed in History Class

SYMHC Classics: Jimmy Doolittle and the Doolittle Raid

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/e372d5df-51a2-4317-a416-afc100676002/transcript

Holly talks about Mary Lease's racism, and the barriers to accessing the one biography that really examines it. Tracy traces the steps she took into the rabbit hole of Mary McLeod Bethune's birth and family story. 

Holly talks about Mary Lease's racism, and the barriers to accessing the one biography that really examines it. Tracy traces the steps she took into the rabbit hole of Mary McLeod Bethune's birth and family story.&nbsp;

Behind the Scenes Minis: Accidental Mary Week

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/dfa25f89-0fab-4b41-bed4-b25d0019b639/transcript

Mary McLeod Bethune was an educator, activist, and civil servant who dedicated her entire life to the pursuit of racial and gender equality. Her impressive legacy includes schools, legislation, and the formation of the Women's Army Corps.

Research: 
Architect of the Capitol. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/mary-mcleod-bethune-statue
Bethune, Mary McLeod. “Dr. Bethune's Last Will & Testament.” Bethune-Cookman University. https://www.cookman.edu/history/last-will-testament.html
Bethune, Mary McLeod. “Mary McLeod Bethune: Building a Better World: Essays and Selected Documents.” Indiana University Press. 1999.
Brewer, William M. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” Negro History Bulletin , November, 1955, Vol. 19, No. 2 (November, 1955), p. 48, 36. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44212916
"Bethune, Mary Mcleod." Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, edited by John Hartwell Moore, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 166-167. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX2831200056/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=8b031f93. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.
Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. “Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955).” https://erpapers.columbian.gwu.edu/mary-mcleod-bethune-1875-1955
Flemming, Shelia Y. and Elaine M. Smith. “Mary McLeod Bethune: Born for Greatness: Introduction to Special Volume.” Phylon (1960-), Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022), pp. 21-54. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27180573
Foreman, Adam. “The Extraordinary Life of Mary McLeod Bethune.” The National World War II Museum. July 30, 2020. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/mary-mcleod-bethune
Johnson-Miller, Beverly C. "Mary McLeod Bethune: black educational ministry leader of the early 20th century." Christian Education Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, fall 2006, pp. 330+. Gale General OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A154513137/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=175ad2e0. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.
Jones, Martha S. “Mary McLeod Bethune Was at the Vanguard of More Than 50 Years of Black Progress.” Smithsonian. 7/2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/mary-mcleod-bethune-vanguard-more-than-50-years-black-progress-180975202/
Long, Kim Cliett. "Dr. Mary Mcleod Bethune: a life devoted to service." Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table, fall 2011. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A317588290/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=af61ca7a. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.
"Mary McLeod Bethune." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, Gale, 1999. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1667000015/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=96df5412. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.
McCLUSKEY, AUDREY T. "Representing the Race: Mary McLeod Bethune and the Press in the Jim Crow Era." The Western Journal of Black Studies, vol. 23, no. 4, winter 1999, p. 236. Gale In Context:
U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A62354228/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=d189f
Michals, Debra. "Mary McLeod Bethune." National Women's History Museum. National Women's History Museum, 2015. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-mcleod-bethune
Moorer, Vanessa. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” National Museum of African American History and Culture. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/mary-mcleod-bethune
National Parks Service. “Mary McLeod Bethune. Mary McLeod Bethune Council House. https://www.nps.gov/mamc/learn/historyculture/mary-mcleod-bethune.htm
PBS American Experience. “Eleanor and Mary McLeod Bethune.” https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eleanor-bethune/
Popp, Veronica. “Black roses: The womanist partnership of Frances Reynolds Keyser and Mary McLeod Bethune.” Journal of Lesbian Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2024.2385714
Roosevelt, Eleanor. “My Day: May 20, 1955.” https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/myday/displaydoc.cfm?_y=1955&_f=md003174
Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune Papers: The Bethune-Cookman College Collection, 1922–1955.” Alabama State University. /https://pq-static-content.proquest.com/collateral/media2/documents/1397_MaryMcLBethuneCollege.pdf
Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune: In the Leadership Orbit of Men.” Phylon (1960-), WINTER 2022, Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/27180575
Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune’s ‘Last Will and Testament’: A Legacy for Race Vindication.” The Journal of Negro History, vol. 81, no. 1/4, 1996, pp. 105–22. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2717611. Accessed 10 Dec. 2024.
State Library and Archives of Florida. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” Florida Memory. https://www.floridamemory.com/learn/classroom/learning-units/mary-mcleod-bethune/

 

Mary McLeod Bethune was an educator, activist, and civil servant who dedicated her entire life to the pursuit of racial and gender equality. Her impressive legacy includes schools, legislation, and the formation of the Women's Army Corps.
Research:&nbsp;
<ul>
<li>Architect of the Capitol. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/mary-mcleod-bethune-statue</li>
<li>Bethune, Mary McLeod. &ldquo;Dr. Bethune's Last Will &amp; Testament.&rdquo; Bethune-Cookman University. https://www.cookman.edu/history/last-will-testament.html</li>
<li>Bethune, Mary McLeod. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune: Building a Better World: Essays and Selected Documents.&rdquo; Indiana University Press. 1999.</li>
<li>Brewer, William M. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; Negro History Bulletin , November, 1955, Vol. 19, No. 2 (November, 1955), p. 48, 36. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44212916</li>
<li>"Bethune, Mary Mcleod." Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, edited by John Hartwell Moore, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 166-167. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX2831200056/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=8b031f93. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.</li>
<li>Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955).&rdquo; https://erpapers.columbian.gwu.edu/mary-mcleod-bethune-1875-1955</li>
<li>Flemming, Shelia Y. and Elaine M. Smith. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune: Born for Greatness: Introduction to Special Volume.&rdquo; Phylon (1960-), Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022), pp. 21-54. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27180573</li>
<li>Foreman, Adam. &ldquo;The Extraordinary Life of Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; The National World War II Museum. July 30, 2020. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/mary-mcleod-bethune</li>
<li>Johnson-Miller, Beverly C. "Mary McLeod Bethune: black educational ministry leader of the early 20th century." Christian Education Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, fall 2006, pp. 330+. Gale General OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A154513137/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=175ad2e0. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.</li>
<li>Jones, Martha S. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune Was at the Vanguard of More Than 50 Years of Black Progress.&rdquo; Smithsonian. 7/2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/mary-mcleod-bethune-vanguard-more-than-50-years-black-progress-180975202/</li>
<li>Long, Kim Cliett. "Dr. Mary Mcleod Bethune: a life devoted to service." Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table, fall 2011. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A317588290/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=af61ca7a. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.</li>
<li>"Mary McLeod Bethune." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, Gale, 1999. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1667000015/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=96df5412. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024.</li>
<li>McCLUSKEY, AUDREY T. "Representing the Race: Mary McLeod Bethune and the Press in the Jim Crow Era." The Western Journal of Black Studies, vol. 23, no. 4, winter 1999, p. 236. Gale In Context:</li>
<li>U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A62354228/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=d189f</li>
<li>Michals, Debra. "Mary McLeod Bethune." National Women's History Museum. National Women's History Museum, 2015. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-mcleod-bethune</li>
<li>Moorer, Vanessa. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; National Museum of African American History and Culture. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/mary-mcleod-bethune</li>
<li>National Parks Service. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune. Mary McLeod Bethune Council House. https://www.nps.gov/mamc/learn/historyculture/mary-mcleod-bethune.htm</li>
<li>PBS American Experience. &ldquo;Eleanor and Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eleanor-bethune/</li>
<li>Popp, Veronica. &ldquo;Black roses: The womanist partnership of Frances Reynolds Keyser and Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; Journal of Lesbian Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2024.2385714</li>
<li>Roosevelt, Eleanor. &ldquo;My Day: May 20, 1955.&rdquo; https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/myday/displaydoc.cfm?_y=1955&amp;_f=md003174</li>
<li>Smith, Elaine M. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune Papers: The Bethune-Cookman College Collection, 1922&ndash;1955.&rdquo; Alabama State University. /https://pq-static-content.proquest.com/collateral/media2/documents/1397_MaryMcLBethuneCollege.pdf</li>
<li>Smith, Elaine M. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune: In the Leadership Orbit of Men.&rdquo; Phylon (1960-), WINTER 2022, Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/27180575</li>
<li>Smith, Elaine M. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune&rsquo;s &lsquo;Last Will and Testament&rsquo;: A Legacy for Race Vindication.&rdquo; The Journal of Negro History, vol. 81, no. 1/4, 1996, pp. 105&ndash;22. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2717611. Accessed 10 Dec. 2024.</li>
<li>State Library and Archives of Florida. &ldquo;Mary McLeod Bethune.&rdquo; Florida Memory. https://www.floridamemory.com/learn/classroom/learning-units/mary-mcleod-bethune/</li>
<li></li>
<li>&nbsp;</li>
</ul>

Mary McLeod Bethune was an educator, activist, and civil servant who dedicated her entire life to the pursuit of racial and gender equality. Her impressive legacy includes schools, legislation, and the formation of the Women's Army Corps.

Mary McLeod Bethune

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/af6c3a67-adcf-46fd-9568-b25c01533a61/transcript

Mary Elizabeth Lease was a progressive political activist who fought big business, worked on behalf of the common man, and believed strongly in the importance of third parties in the U.S. political system. But there are also some really problematic parts of her story and ideology.

Research:
Barnes, Donna A. “Farmers’ Alliance.” Texas State Historical Association. Jan. 1 1995. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/farmers-alliance
Bauer, Pat. "Farmers’ Alliance". Encyclopedia Britannica, 12 Sep. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farmers-Alliance
Bentson, Sarah. “Mary Elizabeth Lease.”       March 1, 2022.
“Bryan’s Cross of Gold and the Partisan Battle over Economic Policy.” University of Virginia, Miller Center. https://millercenter.org/bryans-cross-gold-and-partisan-battle-over-economic-policy#:~:text=On%20this%20day%20in%201896,silver%20standard%20for%20U.S.%20currency
“Concerning a Mortgage.” New York Times. Aug. 11, 1896. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1896/08/11/103382098.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0
“Farmers and Laborers.” Daily Kansas People. Aug. 13, 1890. https://www.newspapers.com/image/477977710/?match=1&terms=%22mary%20e.%20lease%22%20divorce
“Furor Over Mary Lease.”  New York Times. Aug. 11, 1896. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1896/08/11/103382074.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0
Harper, Ida Husted. “THE LIFE AND WORK OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY, Vol. II.” Bowen-Merrill. 1898. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/files/31125/31125-h/31125-h.htm
“Ingalls Knocked Out.” Daily Alta California. Dec. 7, 1890. https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18901207.2.2.4&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------
Lease, Mary Elizabeth. “The Problem of Civilization Solved.” 1895. Accessed online: https://digital.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/niu-gildedage%3A24027/print_object
“Mary Lease Dead; Long Dry Agitator.” New York Times. Oct. 30, 1933. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1933/10/30/105813706.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0
“Mrs. Lease Is Not In It.” Akron Evening Times. Jan.5 , 1893. https://www.newspapers.com/image/228089290/?match=1&terms=%22mary%20e.%20lease%22%20supreme%20court
McLeRoy, Sherrie S. “Lease, Mary Elizabeth Clyens (1853–1933).” Texas State Historical Association. Handbook of Texas Women. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/lease-mary-elizabeth-clyens
“Mrs. Mary Lease Removed From Office.” New York Times. July 7, 1895. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/07/07/105980959.html?pageNumber=1
Orr, Brooke Speer. “The ‘People’s Joan of Arc’: Mary Elizabeth Lease, Gendered Politics and Populist Party Politics in Gilded-Age America (American University Studies Book 14) .” Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers. 2014. Kindle edition.
Press, Donald E. “Kansas Conflict: Populist Versus Railroader in the 1890's.” Kansas Historical Quarterlies. Autum, 1977. Vol. 43, No. 3. https://www.kancoll.org/khq/1977/77_3_dpress.htm#Ref42

Mary Elizabeth Lease was a progressive political activist who fought big business, worked on behalf of the common man, and believed strongly in the importance of third parties in the U.S. political system. But there are also some really problematic parts of her story and ideology.
Research:
<ul>
<li>Barnes, Donna A. &ldquo;Farmers&rsquo; Alliance.&rdquo; Texas State Historical Association. Jan. 1 1995. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/farmers-alliance</li>
<li>Bauer, Pat. "Farmers&rsquo; Alliance".&nbsp;Encyclopedia Britannica, 12 Sep. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Farmers-Alliance</li>
<li>Bentson, Sarah. &ldquo;Mary Elizabeth Lease.&rdquo; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;March 1, 2022.</li>
<li>&ldquo;Bryan&rsquo;s Cross of Gold and the Partisan Battle over Economic Policy.&rdquo; University of Virginia, Miller Center. https://millercenter.org/bryans-cross-gold-and-partisan-battle-over-economic-policy#:~:text=On%20this%20day%20in%201896,silver%20standard%20for%20U.S.%20currency</li>
<li>&ldquo;Concerning a Mortgage.&rdquo; New York Times. Aug. 11, 1896. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1896/08/11/103382098.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&amp;ip=0</li>
<li>&ldquo;Farmers and Laborers.&rdquo; Daily Kansas People. Aug. 13, 1890. https://www.newspapers.com/image/477977710/?match=1&amp;terms=%22mary%20e.%20lease%22%20divorce</li>
<li>&ldquo;Furor Over Mary Lease.&rdquo;&nbsp; New York Times. Aug. 11, 1896. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1896/08/11/103382074.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&amp;ip=0</li>
<li>Harper, Ida Husted. &ldquo;THE LIFE AND WORK OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY, Vol. II.&rdquo; Bowen-Merrill. 1898. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/files/31125/31125-h/31125-h.htm</li>
<li>&ldquo;Ingalls Knocked Out.&rdquo; Daily Alta California. Dec. 7, 1890. https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&amp;d=DAC18901207.2.2.4&amp;e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------</li>
<li>Lease, Mary Elizabeth. &ldquo;The Problem of Civilization Solved.&rdquo; 1895. Accessed online: https://digital.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/niu-gildedage%3A24027/print_object</li>
<li>&ldquo;Mary Lease Dead; Long Dry Agitator.&rdquo; New York Times. Oct. 30, 1933. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1933/10/30/105813706.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&amp;ip=0</li>
<li>&ldquo;Mrs. Lease Is Not In It.&rdquo; Akron Evening Times. Jan.5 , 1893. https://www.newspapers.com/image/228089290/?match=1&amp;terms=%22mary%20e.%20lease%22%20supreme%20court</li>
<li>McLeRoy, Sherrie S. &ldquo;Lease, Mary Elizabeth Clyens&nbsp;(1853&ndash;1933).&rdquo; Texas State Historical Association. Handbook of Texas Women. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/lease-mary-elizabeth-clyens</li>
<li>&ldquo;Mrs. Mary Lease Removed From Office.&rdquo; New York Times. July 7, 1895. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/07/07/105980959.html?pageNumber=1</li>
<li>Orr, Brooke Speer. &ldquo;The &lsquo;People&rsquo;s Joan of Arc&rsquo;: Mary Elizabeth Lease, Gendered Politics and Populist Party Politics in Gilded-Age America (American University Studies Book 14)&nbsp;.&rdquo; Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers. 2014. Kindle edition.</li>
<li>Press, Donald E. &ldquo;Kansas Conflict: Populist Versus Railroader in the 1890's.&rdquo; Kansas Historical Quarterlies. Autum, 1977. Vol. 43, No. 3. https://www.kancoll.org/khq/1977/77_3_dpress.htm#Ref42</li>
</ul>

Mary Elizabeth Lease was a progressive political activist who fought big business, worked on behalf of the common man, and believed strongly in the importance of third parties in the U.S. political system. But there are also some really problematic parts of her story and ideology.

Mary Elizabeth Lease

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/f695ae5a-414d-4f03-8e50-b25c0081be12/transcript

SYMHC Classics: Jimmy Doolittle and the Doolittle Raid

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