Montserrat is a culturally important place with a lot of stories. This episode focuses on three to show its importance as a religious center, as a strategic military location, and finally, as a place that has been home to political protest.

Research:
Buttery, Helen. “The Dark Queen.” National Post. March 31, 2001. https://www.newspapers.com/image/513661243/?terms=madonna%20montserrat&match=1
“Basque Country and Catalonia: Different Paths to Recognition.” Centre on Constitutional Change. June 3, 2019. https://www.centreonconstitutionalchange.ac.uk/news-and-opinion/basque-country-and-catalonia-different-paths-recognition
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "ETA". Encyclopedia Britannica, 15 Sep. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/topic/ETA
Dawson, Paul. “Napoleon’s Peninsular War: The French Experience of the War in Spain from Vimeiro to Corunna, 1808–1809.” Frontline Books. 2020.
“Defendents Backed By Protestors.” Arizona Daily Star. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/164623929/?terms=montserrat%20protest&match=1
Duricy, Michael P. “Montserrat Black Madonna: Black Madonnas: Our Lady of Montserrat.” University of Dayton. https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/m/montserrat-black-madonna.php#:~:text=the%20dark%20color%20of%20Our,most%20celebrated%20images%20in%20Spain.
Duricy, Michael P. “Black Madonnas: Origin, History, Controversy.” University of Dayton. https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/b/black-madonnas-origin-history-controversy.php
Eder, Richard. “Burgos Court: Stage for Basque Case.” New York Times. Dec. 7, 1970. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/07/archives/burgos-court-stage-for-basque-cause.html
Eder, Richard. “Trial of Basques Starts in Burgos.” New York Times. December 4, 1970. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/04/archives/trial-of-basques-starts-in-burgos-15-are-charged-in-slaying-of.html
Gipson, Ferren. “The Story of the Black Madonnas.” Art UK. Oct. 11, 2018. https://artuk.org/discover/stories/the-story-of-the-black-madonnas
Jeffrey, Simon. “Timeline: ETA.” The Guardian. March 11, 2004. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/mar/11/spain.simonjeffery
“Limit to Free Speech.” Des Moines Tribune. Dec. 16, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/325193542/?terms=montserrat%20protest&match=1
Nurse, Charlie. “The Burgos Show Trial of 1970. Ihr.world. Dec. 3, 2020. https://ihr.world/en/2020/12/03/the-burgos-showtrial-of-1970/
Oman, Charles William Chadwick. “A History of the Peninsular War.” Oxford. 1902. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/historyofpeninsu04oman/page/n9/mode/2up
“Police Surround Montserrat Monastery.” Redlands Daily Facts. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/5016668/?terms=montserrat%20monastery&match=1
Roccasalvo, Joan L., C.S.J. “Elegance Personified: The Black Madonna of Montserrat.” The Institute for Sacred Architecture. Volume 21. https://www.sacredarchitecture.org/articles/elegance_personified
Scheer, Monique. “From Majesty to Mystery: Change in the Meanings of Black Madonnas from the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries.” The American Historical Review, vol. 107, no. 5, 2002, pp. 1412–40. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.1086/532852
“Sit-in Staged at Monastery.” Tulsa World. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/888773559/?terms=montserrat%20monastery&match=1
“Spanish Police Given Special Arrest Powers.” York Daily Record. Dec. 15, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/553332476/?terms=montserrat%20protest&match=1
“Time Won for the Basques.” The Guardian. Dec. 18, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/260548322/?terms=montserrat%20protest&match=1
Wilkinson, Isambard. “Montserrat Black Virgin ‘was white originally.’” The Telegraph. April 13, 2001. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/spain/1316133/Montserrat-Black-Virgin-was-white-originally.html
“History of the Museum.” Museu de Montserrat. https://www.museudemontserrat.com/es/el-museo/historiadelmdm/1
Pattullo, Polly. "Montserrat". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Oct. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/place/Montserrat-island-West-Indies
Pujol i Camps, Celestino. “The Bruch Drum.” Biblioteca Virtual Miguel De Cervantes. https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-tambor-del-bruch-0/html/004bc4e8-82b2-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_2.html
“History.” Abadia de Montserrat. https://abadiamontserrat.cat/en/history/#

Montserrat is a culturally important place with a lot of stories. This episode focuses on three to show its importance as a religious center, as a strategic military location, and finally, as a place that has been home to political protest.
Research:
<ul>
<li>Buttery, Helen. “The Dark Queen.” National Post. March 31, 2001. https://www.newspapers.com/image/513661243/?terms=madonna%20montserrat&amp;match=1</li>
<li>“Basque Country and Catalonia: Different Paths to Recognition.” Centre on Constitutional Change. June 3, 2019. https://www.centreonconstitutionalchange.ac.uk/news-and-opinion/basque-country-and-catalonia-different-paths-recognition</li>
<li>Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "ETA". Encyclopedia Britannica, 15 Sep. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/topic/ETA</li>
<li>Dawson, Paul. “Napoleon’s Peninsular War: The French Experience of the War in Spain from Vimeiro to Corunna, 1808–1809.” Frontline Books. 2020.</li>
<li>“Defendents Backed By Protestors.” Arizona Daily Star. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/164623929/?terms=montserrat%20protest&amp;match=1</li>
<li>Duricy, Michael P. “Montserrat Black Madonna: Black Madonnas: Our Lady of Montserrat.” University of Dayton. https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/m/montserrat-black-madonna.php#:~:text=the%20dark%20color%20of%20Our,most%20celebrated%20images%20in%20Spain.</li>
<li>Duricy, Michael P. “Black Madonnas: Origin, History, Controversy.” University of Dayton. https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/b/black-madonnas-origin-history-controversy.php</li>
<li>Eder, Richard. “Burgos Court: Stage for Basque Case.” New York Times. Dec. 7, 1970. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/07/archives/burgos-court-stage-for-basque-cause.html</li>
<li>Eder, Richard. “Trial of Basques Starts in Burgos.” New York Times. December 4, 1970. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/04/archives/trial-of-basques-starts-in-burgos-15-are-charged-in-slaying-of.html</li>
<li>Gipson, Ferren. “The Story of the Black Madonnas.” Art UK. Oct. 11, 2018. https://artuk.org/discover/stories/the-story-of-the-black-madonnas</li>
<li>Jeffrey, Simon. “Timeline: ETA.” The Guardian. March 11, 2004. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/mar/11/spain.simonjeffery</li>
<li>“Limit to Free Speech.” Des Moines Tribune. Dec. 16, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/325193542/?terms=montserrat%20protest&amp;match=1</li>
<li>Nurse, Charlie. “The Burgos Show Trial of 1970. Ihr.world. Dec. 3, 2020. https://ihr.world/en/2020/12/03/the-burgos-showtrial-of-1970/</li>
<li>Oman, Charles William Chadwick. “A History of the Peninsular War.” Oxford. 1902. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/historyofpeninsu04oman/page/n9/mode/2up</li>
<li>“Police Surround Montserrat Monastery.” Redlands Daily Facts. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/5016668/?terms=montserrat%20monastery&amp;match=1</li>
<li>Roccasalvo, Joan L., C.S.J. “Elegance Personified: The Black Madonna of Montserrat.” The Institute for Sacred Architecture. Volume 21. https://www.sacredarchitecture.org/articles/elegance_personified</li>
<li>Scheer, Monique. “From Majesty to Mystery: Change in the Meanings of Black Madonnas from the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries.” The American Historical Review, vol. 107, no. 5, 2002, pp. 1412–40. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.1086/532852</li>
<li>“Sit-in Staged at Monastery.” Tulsa World. Dec. 14, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/888773559/?terms=montserrat%20monastery&amp;match=1</li>
<li>“Spanish Police Given Special Arrest Powers.” York Daily Record. Dec. 15, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/553332476/?terms=montserrat%20protest&amp;match=1</li>
<li>“Time Won for the Basques.” The Guardian. Dec. 18, 1970. https://www.newspapers.com/image/260548322/?terms=montserrat%20protest&amp;match=1</li>
<li>Wilkinson, Isambard. “Montserrat Black Virgin ‘was white originally.’” The Telegraph. April 13, 2001. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/spain/1316133/Montserrat-Black-Virgin-was-white-originally.html</li>
<li>“History of the Museum.” Museu de Montserrat. https://www.museudemontserrat.com/es/el-museo/historiadelmdm/1</li>
<li>Pattullo, Polly. "Montserrat". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Oct. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/place/Montserrat-island-West-Indies</li>
<li>Pujol i Camps, Celestino. “The Bruch Drum.” Biblioteca Virtual Miguel De Cervantes. https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra-visor/el-tambor-del-bruch-0/html/004bc4e8-82b2-11df-acc7-002185ce6064_2.html</li>
<li>“History.” Abadia de Montserrat. https://abadiamontserrat.cat/en/history/#</li>
</ul>

Join Holly and Tracy as they bring you the greatest and strangest Stuff You Missed In History Class in this podcast by iHeartRadio.

Stuff You Missed in History Class

Significant Moments in the History of Montserrat

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/0ffcc2c1-7853-4f95-8cf0-b0c8016fbe65/transcript

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