Francisco de Miranda participated in the struggle for independence in the United States, the French revolution and the emancipation of Latin America. Part one covers his early life and his connection to the American Revolution.

Research:
"Francisco de Miranda." Historic World Leaders, edited by Anne Commire, Gale, 1994. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1616000176/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=7ecb650a. Accessed 5 June 2024.
"Lessons from a liberal swashbuckler; Bello." The Economist, vol. 420, no. 8999, 23 July 2016, p. 28(US). Gale OneFile: Business, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A458950088/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=9bc28a69. Accessed 5 June 2024.
“Unveiling Memories: Spain and the Hispanic Contribution to U.S. Independence.” https://www.unveilingmemories.com/
Alejandro E. Gómez, “The ‘Pardo Question’”, Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos [En ligne], Matériaux de séminaires, mis en ligne le 08 juin 2008, consulté le 11 juin 2024. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/34503
Bolufer, Mónica. “A Latin American Casanova? Sex, Gender, Enlightenment and Revolution in the Life and Writings of Francisco de Miranda.” Gender & History, Vol.34 No.1 March 2022, pp. 22–41.
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Francisco de Miranda". Encyclopedia Britannica, 27 Mar. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-de-Miranda. Accessed 5 June 2024.
Cook, Sue. “Francisco de Miranda - the Venezuelan revolutionary with a Yorkshire wife.” BBC Radio 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog6a.shtml
Miller, Gary. "Miranda, Francisco de (1750–1816)." Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, edited by Jay Kinsbruner and Erick D. Langer, 2nd ed., vol. 4, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008, pp. 620-622. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3078903669/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=cbbd0b6b. Accessed 5 June 2024.
Navas, Claudia Isabel. “Francisco de Miranda and the United States.” Library of Congress Hispanic Division. 10/11/2017. https://loc.gov/item/2021690630
Racine, Karen. “Francisco de Miranda: A Transatlantic Life in the Age of Revolution.” Scholarly Resources Inc. 2003.
Robertson, William Spence. “Francisco de Miranda and the revolutionizing of Spanish America.” Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the year 1907. Government Printing Office. 1908.
Sutton, Mallory. “Treaty of Aranjuez (1779).” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/treaty-of-aranjuez-1779/
Teaching History. “Spain in the American Revolution.” https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/22894

Francisco de Miranda participated in the struggle for independence in the United States, the French revolution and the emancipation of Latin America. Part one covers his early life and his connection to the American Revolution.
Research:
<ul>
<li>"Francisco de Miranda." Historic World Leaders, edited by Anne Commire, Gale, 1994. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1616000176/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=7ecb650a. Accessed 5 June 2024.</li>
<li>"Lessons from a liberal swashbuckler; Bello." The Economist, vol. 420, no. 8999, 23 July 2016, p. 28(US). Gale OneFile: Business, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A458950088/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=9bc28a69. Accessed 5 June 2024.</li>
<li>“Unveiling Memories: Spain and the Hispanic Contribution to U.S. Independence.” https://www.unveilingmemories.com/</li>
<li>Alejandro E. Gómez, “The ‘Pardo Question’”, Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos [En ligne], Matériaux de séminaires, mis en ligne le 08 juin 2008, consulté le 11 juin 2024. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/34503</li>
<li>Bolufer, Mónica. “A Latin American Casanova? Sex, Gender, Enlightenment and Revolution in the Life and Writings of Francisco de Miranda.” Gender &amp; History, Vol.34 No.1 March 2022, pp. 22–41.</li>
<li>Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Francisco de Miranda". Encyclopedia Britannica, 27 Mar. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-de-Miranda. Accessed 5 June 2024.</li>
<li>Cook, Sue. “Francisco de Miranda - the Venezuelan revolutionary with a Yorkshire wife.” BBC Radio 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog6a.shtml</li>
<li>Miller, Gary. "Miranda, Francisco de (1750–1816)." Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, edited by Jay Kinsbruner and Erick D. Langer, 2nd ed., vol. 4, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008, pp. 620-622. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3078903669/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&amp;sid=bookmark-GPS&amp;xid=cbbd0b6b. Accessed 5 June 2024.</li>
<li>Navas, Claudia Isabel. “Francisco de Miranda and the United States.” Library of Congress Hispanic Division. 10/11/2017. https://loc.gov/item/2021690630</li>
<li>Racine, Karen. “Francisco de Miranda: A Transatlantic Life in the Age of Revolution.” Scholarly Resources Inc. 2003.</li>
<li>Robertson, William Spence. “Francisco de Miranda and the revolutionizing of Spanish America.” Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the year 1907. Government Printing Office. 1908.</li>
<li>Sutton, Mallory. “Treaty of Aranjuez (1779).” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/treaty-of-aranjuez-1779/</li>
<li>Teaching History. “Spain in the American Revolution.” https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/22894</li>
</ul>

Join Holly and Tracy as they bring you the greatest and strangest Stuff You Missed In History Class in this podcast by iHeartRadio.

Stuff You Missed in History Class

Francisco de Miranda, Part 1

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/7b6425fd-c129-4be5-8798-b194014ebcc4/transcript

Fort Mose was the first officially sanctioned settlement for free Black people in what’s now the United States. It was established as a place where people who escaped enslavement in the U.S. could live in the Spanish territory of Florida.

Research:
Blumetti, Jordan. “The First Floridians.” The Bitter Southerner. https://bittersoutherner.com/the-first-floridians-fort-mose-st-augustine
Cancio-Donlebún Ballvé, J. Á. (2021). The King of Spain’s Slaves in St. Augustine, Florida (1580–1618). Estudios del Observatorio / Observatorio Studies, 74, pp. 1-81. https://cervantesobservatorio.fas.harvard.edu/en/reports
curtis, Marcus. “Fort Mose: Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose.” 3/2/2022. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/2f5446036d2d4e109439baade4e1f4e7
Dunlop, J.G. “Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose: A Free Black Town in Spanish Colonial Florida.” The American Historical Review , Feb., 1990, Vol. 95, No. 1 (Feb., 1990). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2162952
org. “Francisco Menéndez.” https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-92885/
Florida Frontiers. “Fort Mose: America’s First Free Black Community.” 12/11/2016. https://www.pbs.org/video/florida-frontiers-fort-mose-americas-first-free-black-community/
Florida Museum. “Fort Mose.” https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/histarch/research/st-augustine/fort-mose/
Fort Mose Historical Society. “The Fort Mose Story.” https://fortmose.org/about-fort-mose/
Halbirt, Carl D. “La Ciudad de San Agustín: A European Fighting Presidio in Eighteenth-Century ‘La Florida.’” Historical Archaeology , 2004, Vol. 38, No. 3, Presidios of the North American Spanish Borderlands (2004). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25617179
Hurston, Zora Neale and John R. Lynch. “The Journal of Negro History , Oct., 1927, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Oct., 1927). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2714042
Landers, Jane. “Black Frontier Settlements in Spanish Colonial Florida.” OAH Magazine of History , Spring, 1988, Vol. 3, No. 2, The Frontier (Spring, 1988). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25162596
Landers, Jane. “Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose: A Free Black Town in Spanish Colonial Florida.” The American Historical Review , Feb., 1990, Vol. 95, No. 1 (Feb., 1990). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2162952
Landers, Jane. “The Atlantic Transformations of Francisco Menéndez.” From Biography and the Black Atlantic. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2014.
MacMahon, Darcie and Kathleen Deagan. “Legacy of Fort Mose.” Archaeology , September/October 1996, Vol. 49, No. 5 (September/October 1996). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41771187
Proenza-Coles, Christina. “Freedom Seekers.” Lapham’s Quarterly. 3/19/2019. https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/roundtable/freedom-seekers
Wasserman, Adam. “Forming a nation: the free black settlement at Fort Mose.” From A People’s History of Florida. Via Libcom.org.6/28/2009. https://libcom.org/article/forming-nation-free-black-settlement-fort-mose
Weiss, Daniel. “Freedom Fort.” Archaeology. Mar/Apr2024, Vol. 77 Issue 2, p36-41.

Fort Mose was the first officially sanctioned settlement for free Black people in what&rsquo;s now the United States. It was established as a place where people who escaped enslavement in the U.S. could live in the Spanish territory of Florida.
Research:
<ul>
<li>Blumetti, Jordan. &ldquo;The First Floridians.&rdquo; The Bitter Southerner. https://bittersoutherner.com/the-first-floridians-fort-mose-st-augustine</li>
<li>Cancio-Donleb&uacute;n Ballv&eacute;, J. &Aacute;. (2021). The King of Spain&rsquo;s Slaves in St. Augustine, Florida (1580&ndash;1618). Estudios del Observatorio / Observatorio Studies, 74, pp. 1-81. https://cervantesobservatorio.fas.harvard.edu/en/reports</li>
<li>curtis, Marcus. &ldquo;Fort Mose: Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose.&rdquo; 3/2/2022. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/2f5446036d2d4e109439baade4e1f4e7</li>
<li>Dunlop, J.G. &ldquo;Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose: A Free Black Town in Spanish Colonial Florida.&rdquo; The American Historical Review , Feb., 1990, Vol. 95, No. 1 (Feb., 1990). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2162952</li>
<li>org. &ldquo;Francisco Men&eacute;ndez.&rdquo; https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-92885/</li>
<li>Florida Frontiers. &ldquo;Fort Mose: America&rsquo;s First Free Black Community.&rdquo; 12/11/2016. https://www.pbs.org/video/florida-frontiers-fort-mose-americas-first-free-black-community/</li>
<li>Florida Museum. &ldquo;Fort Mose.&rdquo; https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/histarch/research/st-augustine/fort-mose/</li>
<li>Fort Mose Historical Society. &ldquo;The Fort Mose Story.&rdquo; https://fortmose.org/about-fort-mose/</li>
<li>Halbirt, Carl D. &ldquo;La Ciudad de San Agust&iacute;n: A European Fighting Presidio in Eighteenth-Century &lsquo;La Florida.&rsquo;&rdquo; Historical Archaeology , 2004, Vol. 38, No. 3, Presidios of the North American Spanish Borderlands (2004). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25617179</li>
<li>Hurston, Zora Neale and John R. Lynch. &ldquo;The Journal of Negro History , Oct., 1927, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Oct., 1927). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2714042</li>
<li>Landers, Jane. &ldquo;Black Frontier Settlements in Spanish Colonial Florida.&rdquo; OAH Magazine of History , Spring, 1988, Vol. 3, No. 2, The Frontier (Spring, 1988). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25162596</li>
<li>Landers, Jane. &ldquo;Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose: A Free Black Town in Spanish Colonial Florida.&rdquo; The American Historical Review , Feb., 1990, Vol. 95, No. 1 (Feb., 1990). https://www.jstor.org/stable/2162952</li>
<li>Landers, Jane. &ldquo;The Atlantic Transformations of Francisco Men&eacute;ndez.&rdquo; From Biography and the Black Atlantic. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2014.</li>
<li>MacMahon, Darcie and Kathleen Deagan. &ldquo;Legacy of Fort Mose.&rdquo; Archaeology , September/October 1996, Vol. 49, No. 5 (September/October 1996). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41771187</li>
<li>Proenza-Coles, Christina. &ldquo;Freedom Seekers.&rdquo; Lapham&rsquo;s Quarterly. 3/19/2019. https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/roundtable/freedom-seekers</li>
<li>Wasserman, Adam. &ldquo;Forming a nation: the free black settlement at Fort Mose.&rdquo; From A People&rsquo;s History of Florida. Via Libcom.org.6/28/2009. https://libcom.org/article/forming-nation-free-black-settlement-fort-mose</li>
<li>Weiss, Daniel. &ldquo;Freedom Fort.&rdquo; Archaeology. Mar/Apr2024, Vol. 77 Issue 2, p36-41.</li>
</ul>

Fort Mose was the first officially sanctioned settlement for free Black people in what’s now the United States. It was established as a place where people who escaped enslavement in the U.S. could live in the Spanish territory of Florida.

Francisco Menéndez & Fort Mose 

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/5b049b08-769d-4554-bd7f-b3f7014a725b/transcript

Melitta Bentz invented the coffee filter in 1908 and changed coffee culture forever. Through the decades and after reckoning with its relationship with the Third Reich, the company she founded in her Dresden apartment endures today.

Research:
“The Weimar Republic 1918-1929 - EdexcelChanges in society, 1924–29.” https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9y64j6/revision/8#:~:text=Hourly%20wages%20rose%20in%20real,crisis%2C%20such%20as%20the%20hyperinflation
DEUTSCHES REICH REICHSPATENTAMТ PATENTSCHRIFT. “Melitta-Werke Akt.-Ges. in Minden, Westf. Filterpapiereinsatz für Kaffeeaufbrühfilter u. dgl.” https://www.dpma.de/docs/dpma/veroeffentlichungen/de653796a_melitta1937.pdf
German Patent and Trademark Office. “The invention of the coffee filters.” https://www.dpma.de/english/our_office/publications/ingeniouswomen/110jahrekaffeefilter/index.html
“The History of Leipziger Messe.” https://www.leipziger-messe.de/en/company/portrait/history/
KOSSACK, KRISTAN. “Betriebsalltag und Unternehmensentwicklung eines NS-Musterbetriebs im Spiegel seiner Werkzeitung.” Westfälische Zeitschrift 155. 2005. http://www.westfaelische-zeitschrift.lwl.org
“Melitta Bentz - the woman who invented the coffee filter.” Europeana. https://www.europeana.eu/en/stories/melitta-bentz-the-woman-who-invented-the-coffee-filter
“Melitta Bentz KG - coffee filter.” Deutsches-Kunststoff Museum. https://www.deutsches-kunststoff-museum.de/sammlung/virtuelles-museum/k-2002-00982/
Morris, Jonathan. “Coffee: A Global History.” Reaktion Books. 2019.
Moses, Claire. “Overlooked No More: Melitta Bentz, Who Invented the Coffee Filter.” New York Times. Sept. 5, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/05/obituaries/melitta-bentz-overlooked.html
“Our History.” Melitta Group. https://www.melitta-group.com/en/unternehmen/unsere-geschichte
Wierling, Dorothee. “Coffee.” International Encyclopedia of the First World War. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/coffee/

Melitta Bentz invented the coffee filter in 1908 and changed coffee culture forever. Through the decades and after reckoning with its relationship with the Third Reich, the company she founded in her Dresden apartment endures today.
Research:
<ul>
<li>&ldquo;The Weimar Republic 1918-1929 - EdexcelChanges in society, 1924&ndash;29.&rdquo; https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9y64j6/revision/8#:~:text=Hourly%20wages%20rose%20in%20real,crisis%2C%20such%20as%20the%20hyperinflation</li>
<li>DEUTSCHES REICH REICHSPATENTAMТ PATENTSCHRIFT. &ldquo;Melitta-Werke Akt.-Ges. in Minden, Westf. Filterpapiereinsatz f&uuml;r Kaffeeaufbr&uuml;hfilter u. dgl.&rdquo; https://www.dpma.de/docs/dpma/veroeffentlichungen/de653796a_melitta1937.pdf</li>
<li>German Patent and Trademark Office. &ldquo;The invention of the coffee filters.&rdquo; https://www.dpma.de/english/our_office/publications/ingeniouswomen/110jahrekaffeefilter/index.html</li>
<li>&ldquo;The History of Leipziger Messe.&rdquo; https://www.leipziger-messe.de/en/company/portrait/history/</li>
<li>KOSSACK, KRISTAN. &ldquo;Betriebsalltag und Unternehmensentwicklung eines NS-Musterbetriebs im Spiegel seiner Werkzeitung.&rdquo; Westf&auml;lische Zeitschrift 155. 2005. http://www.westfaelische-zeitschrift.lwl.org</li>
<li>&ldquo;Melitta Bentz - the woman who invented the coffee filter.&rdquo; Europeana. https://www.europeana.eu/en/stories/melitta-bentz-the-woman-who-invented-the-coffee-filter</li>
<li>&ldquo;Melitta Bentz KG - coffee filter.&rdquo; Deutsches-Kunststoff Museum. https://www.deutsches-kunststoff-museum.de/sammlung/virtuelles-museum/k-2002-00982/</li>
<li>Morris, Jonathan. &ldquo;Coffee: A Global History.&rdquo; Reaktion Books. 2019.</li>
<li>Moses, Claire. &ldquo;Overlooked No More: Melitta Bentz, Who Invented the Coffee Filter.&rdquo; New York Times. Sept. 5, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/05/obituaries/melitta-bentz-overlooked.html</li>
<li>&ldquo;Our History.&rdquo; Melitta Group. https://www.melitta-group.com/en/unternehmen/unsere-geschichte</li>
<li>Wierling, Dorothee. &ldquo;Coffee.&rdquo; International Encyclopedia of the First World War. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/coffee/</li>
</ul>

Melitta Bentz and the Coffee Filter

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/6cdbab9a-d6e9-466d-aad6-b3f7003a76c5/transcript

Part two of this 2020 episode looks at some of the specifics of the COINTELPROs that targeted black liberation organizations and the New Left, as well as how these programs were finally exposed to the public. 

Part two of this 2020 episode looks at some of the specifics of the COINTELPROs that targeted black liberation organizations and the New Left, as well as how these programs were finally exposed to the public.&nbsp;

SYMHC Classics: COINTELPRO 2

https://api.omny.fm/orgs/e73c998e-6e60-432f-8610-ae210140c5b1/clips/57a3976a-1829-4154-a105-b3f6013fc427/transcript

Francisco de Miranda, Part 1

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