Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class, A production of iHeartRadio, Hello and Happy Friday. I'm Holly Fry and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. Oh Man, Yeah, Children's Morality Code. Yeah, yuck. Yeah, I had never heard of this. You sent me that line. I read the words National Institution for Moral Instruction and I was like, Hey, this sounds like Nazis. It's pretty awful. Not quite time for, like the Nazi Party had not developed yet, but something about it. Immediately I was like, mmmm, no, this seems like something bad. The hardest of passes. Man, this one is so yucky in so many ways. I mean it starts with the camera hidden in a briefcase. That's creeper. Banvier extremely creepy. The way he became super ablest and into eugenics super creepy. It's really really uh, it's just troubling, and it is one of those things we didn't go into it, but that when the Inquiry started being published in nineteen twenty eight, it got a lot of coverage in the paper and like one newspaper there's this huge with a graphic article about it about like the findings of kids and how often kids lie and how you know kids. There's a quote from the researchers that like they in one of their experiments, they had this setup where kids were supposed to write down in a journal like the various good acts they did, I think, And it was a voluntary thing. Students didn't have to do it. But the kids that volunteered turned out to kind of be the biggest liars in the class based on their other studies, like that they were just lying in their journals about the good things they had done. And this, of course became very newsworthy because in the nineteen twenties, before the depression, people really had time to discuss whether or not kids were worthy of being human beings. It's so weird. It's all so weird. I can't I mean, you know, Dewey had it right, right, He's like, this is just social intelligence, you guys, because people will learned these things. That's part of growing up. Just to be super clear in case people have forgotten since the episode, the Dowe we were talking about there is not Melville Dewey, creator of the Dewey decimal system. No, we're not saying that guy was right about anything. It's a different do we have issue. So the Dewey decimal system I have, how horrible Melvil Dewey was on like my short list for an episode, but I just can't deal with him in this moment. Yeah. Yeah, the whole idea that like kids needed these very like like you said it, it vibes very you know, Nazish, the use of the future must be perfect kind of ideology. I will say this, A broken clock is right twice a day, okay. And I did find it is listed in that PhD paper that we read as like a footnote that she found in something else. So I didn't include in the episode because at that point it's many times removed from anything I can look up and verify. But she noted that she found in a thing someone mentioning fair Child's list of immoral behaviors. And there are a couple of things in this that I was like, well, yeah, that's right. Yeah. So one of them is opposition to proof of another's theories because of jealousy, Oh sure, degenerating into a propagandist of an unproved hypothesis instead of being true to the research purpose of discovering truth. Okay, that sounds great. We all need to learn that all the time, and then cowardice in supporting a verified generalization because it is unpopular and conflicts with selfish interests. I'm like, yeah, that's all true. Yeah, why are you so messed up? I also think, like, you know, teaching kids about things like honesty, uh great, Like fine, fine, I'm not saying that that shouldn't happen, but like that. The list of laws really exemplifies the way that a lot of thinking in our culture and history has been like, if you're able bodied, you're good. Yeah, but if you're not able bodied, obviously you're bad and it's your own fault somehow, and you should have not done that. And a boy, did I hate reading that. It's awful. It's awful. The whole idea that kids were basically going to be put in camps if they weren't moral. Yep, I hate it is so horrified, can you. I mean, I'm I of course, because I'm a self centered person, because I'm a human. You know, you always project yourself into these scenarios. And I would be like, listen, I was the kid that always had Holly lack self control written on every one of my report cards because I wanted to chitter chatter with everybody in class. I would be a kid that sat in incarceration in his world because I never learned that lesson. I never learned not to say bad words or yell when people made me angry. And it's like, it's something that simple that literally would make you considered not worthy of being in society. And I'm like, this also reaches a tipping point. Pretend none of it is even about the incarceration of people that don't pass the morality code. At what point is a code like this invoked to keep people down? Do you know what I mean? Like, if you have this and kids are doing this every day and they're reciting all of the ways that they're going to adhere to these laws of morality, what happens when that kid comes into a situation that they have not been prepared for where a person in power is doing something wrong because they have been taught to be loyal and to not complain right and to like right, Nope, that's a big noplelope. It made me so angry. It made me so angry that I was like, we have to talk about this. Yeah, it's gonna suck, but we have to talk about it. Yeah, man, yuck. Also, on the like you know, Bravo TV edition of this whole thing, we never found out, to the best of my knowledge, who the person was that put up that money. Yeah. I So, in addition to being like, hey man, this sounds like nazis what's happening, I went to try to figure out what this organization was because that was not a name I recognized from you know, the list of historical organizations in my head. And I found this one one thing that like listed all all the members and advisors and stuff like that, And I was like, who oh was this businessman that paid for this though? And that was not in there, no, by no anywhere, never found it. It's interesting, I know the work of the researchers that did the inquiry that oversaw it, Edward Thorndyke, he had been funded in his work, which was similarly trying to like dismantle these ideas or like show that they're not effective, was funded both by Rockefeller and Carnegie. Yeah. So I was like, well, those are the two people I would have suspected of putting up the money. So if they were working against it, who is this mystery person? I mean, will never know, maybe it was one of them. I don't know. Maybe we will know at some point when somebody's writing a dissertation on some businessmen and find the transaction and they're led somewhere right the nineteen sixteen five thousand dollars, or it might have been earlier, right, because it might have been oh sure allocated before when the thing was announced. Yeah, and the twenty thousand dollars like that. I mean that was a lot of money at the time, so that is a significant transaction. Yeah. Oh, I ache to know who it was. I ache who would have had a vested interest anyway. I could think and theorize for a very long time, but I don't. We may not ever know, or we may find out. I don't know. I'm sure glad that they stopped doing that. One of this week's episodes was on Mary Hunter Austin. Yeah. Who, I really thought that I was going to be writing an episode that was about walking in the desert and reading lots of quotes about her beautiful descriptions of the desert landscapes and the desert peoples that she was so in love with, And that was not the episode that we got. No, I did not intend this episode as like a counterpoint to Harriet Russell Williams Strong, who we talked about last year. I was gonna ask if I came up in the the friction stories about the irrigation issues. Yeah I did not. Yeah, I did not see Harriet Russell Williams Strong's name mentioned in any of it. But as I was doing the research on Mary Austin, I was like, what, why does this sound so familiar? We've talked about this on the show. When did we talk about it? H And just enough time had passed that I had to go digging to bring to mind what episode that was. In In addition to that dispute, it seems like Mary Austin had some conflicts with people. We mentioned John Muir at the beginning of the episode. I don't know what their disagreements were, but one of the sources that I used mentioned that there were disagreements that they butted heads in some way, and I was like, I wish I could find the details about that. Right we talked? We talked, Yeah, we talked about like being threatened with a lawsuit by HG. Wells and having a heart attack in the stress of all that. There was also apparently a falling out with Willa Cather. She just had all the greatest hits of arguments. Yeah, and I don't think I don't think we mentioned Willa Cather at all in the in the episode. But she met Willa Cather probably sometime in like the nineteen teens. They became friends. In nineteen twenty six, Mary was going to be a way to have an abdominal surgery, unrelated I think to the breast cancer diagnosis, which I have various questions about me doing us with that, which they are unresolved. I have no answers to the questions about her breast cancer diagnosis. But she was going to be in Saint Louis having an abdominal surgery, and Willa Cather was going to be passing through her neighborhood, and she was like, Hey, you can stay at my house while I'm away, and Willa Cather said great, And she wrote part of Death Comes for the Archbishop staying there at Mary Austin's house, and she acknowledged like she acknowledged this, I think in an inscribed book that she gave to Mary later on. But in Earth Horizon, Mary Hunter called Willa Cather's praise of French missionary priests a calamity and Willa Cather like publicly denied having written any part of any book at Mary Austin's home, and I was like everywhere. I think she may have met Willa Cather at Mabel Dodge Leuhan's house. That was the wife of Tony Luhan, who was the person that they had worked with to get permission to take pictures at taus Peblo. Mary Dodge Luhan seems like an incredibly fascinating person to maybe possibly do an episode about one day. She was an heiress and a promoter of the arts, and her home became kind of a gathering place or their home they were married. They became a gathering place and a retreat for writers and artists, and that included people like Georgia O'Keefe and Willa Cather. So she was sort of a central figure in the literature and arts and culture of this part of the US. Yeah, I'm I'm, I don't I know, you have no answers, but I'm like, oh, she lived way past the nineteen oh nine huh, I guess I'm not dying of breast cancer moments. So I think, yeah, like a long time after that. Yeah, I have absolutely no detail on like what kind of examination she was given when she was told that she had breast cancer. I have no idea what diagnostic tools went into that, really no sense of what her symptoms were besides this arm pain that had led her to go to the doctor. I just have a lot of questions about all of that too. Also, I have a lot of feelings about her daughter, Ruth, Yeah, because part of like the time when Mary was trying to parent Ruth with no resources, Some of that sounds offul really awful. I'm not really completely clear on how old Ruth was when Mary would go to work as a teacher and leave her by herself at home, like whether she was of an age that people might think that was okay. It seems like she was. She did not have the ability that she would needed that she would have needed to do that safely. So some of this just sounds really terrible. But the judgment that people passed on her for finding other arrangements was also really awful. Yeah, I felt like, personally, I had personal feelings about that because my mom her entire career was working with disabled people. She started working with disabled adults in a day program teaching things like literacy and math and life skills and things like that in a day program, and most of the adults that she worked with might be able to live in a group home setting or with family some kind of situation where they had additional help and additional support. But then she started working with children in a long term care facility, and the children that she worked with a lot of them had multiple disabilities. A lot of them had, I mean all of them. All of them had multiple disabilities. All of them had very high support needs, and a lot of them also had medical needs where they really needed like twenty four hour medical care on site. So like kids that needed breathing support, that needed to be suctioned on a regular basis, or had feeding tubes or some kind of stoma on their body, like all kinds of things like that. And sure there were parents that probably seemed inattentive or callous in that whole situation. There are also a lot of parents where it was like, what was the other option? Right, Like, this child needs care all the time, this child needs a lot of support all the time. The whole family also needs to have a home and eat and have electricity and all of that, and so like, it may not be possible for this child to be cared for at home. There are some ways for people to be cared for at home, but a lot of times those are extraordinarily expensive, they can be really hard to arrange. And sometimes there are just ways to have subsidized care in a residential facility that doesn't exist for somebody trying to stay at home. But people spoke about the parents whose children were living at this facility with a very broad brush and spoke as though everyone was just awful for having to place their child. And sometimes I'm just like, there, what would the other option be though? Right, take the fact that Ruth was disabled out of it, which is, you know, not to erase her or anything. But like, even if Mary had what would be called an easy baby, right, a kid that like hits all of their developmental marks, isn't especially fussy, seems well adjusted, she did not have a good model of parenthood to work from to begin with. Oh sure, yea. So even if she had a child with no disabilities, perfectly you know, healthy, and had had just an easy time in the world, I don't know that she would have been equipped with the tools to know how to be a great mom. Yeah, which, like, yes, especially at this time when it's not like there were a kajillion parenting books. Yeah, particularly not for parenting kids with disabilities. Right, Where was she gonna learn any of that? Yeah? Well, and also with her husband not really involved, right, but she's essentially a single parent. Yeah, she still would have needed to work to earn enough money to keep them housed and fed. So yeah, it's it's Uh. There are times in the accounts of that where I was like, wow, this sounds awful, and in this, you know, in this part of the situation, it seems like she did something really messed up. Uh. But there are also a lot of times where it seems like she was doing her best with no resources in a society that had no resources, that didn't even consider that there needed to be resources right for disabled children and their families, none of which I was prepared to be writing an episode about out surprise when I thought we were going to have an episode about walking in the desert, Uh surprise. So yeah. Yeah. A lot of Mary Hunter Austen's work is in the public domain, not all of it, Some of it is a little bit too recent to have come into the public domain yet, so there is a lot of it that you can read, uh on places like you know, Archive dot organ Project, Gutenberg. In places like that, I feel like her assertion that she could figure out English and writing on her own and she wanted to spend her college education on something else, that there was some hubris there, because it does seem like she struggled to work out things like, you know, craft and style and all of that. One of the reasons it took her for a really long time to get longer work published. It wasn't in addition, in addition to the fact that she was trying to care for a child, she was having to kind of learn as she went things like structure and form and and all of that. I also have only read some of some of her works. By no means have I tried to do a thorough survey of all of it in the time we have to prepare a podcast her almost one book a year for thirty two years. What you didn't buzz through thirty books? Real quick? Well? Difficult? Difficult? What are you a quitter? I am working on an episode upcoming about a writer that I love and even revisiting all of their works is like, yeah, taking some effort and time. Yeah, a lot of audiobook action going on. Yeah, if you want to send us a note about this or any other podcast or history podcast atiheartradio dot com, whatever is coming up for you on your weekend, I hope it is as good and smooth as possible. If you've got stuff in your life happening right now, I know a lot of us do stuff that's not great. I hope you're able to take some moments for yourself to take some deep breaths, Maybe get yourself a little treat of some sort. Maybe just sit under a tree where things are starting to turn green and bloom here in the Northern Hemisphere. If you're in the Southern Hemisphere getting ready to look at the oncoming of winter, I hope it's going to be a great winter. I guess autumn is closer because we're getting just about to spring. We're not exactly this summer yet. I just visited my parents and was able to cut some of the earliest blooming flowers in the yard to bring into my mom So, yeah, nice. We will be back with a Saturday Classic tomorrow and with something brand new on stuff you missed in history. Class is a production of iHeartRadio. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class, A production of iHeartRadio, Hello and Happy Friday. I'm Holly Fry and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. Oh Man, Yeah, Children's Morality Code. Yeah, yuck. Yeah, I had never heard of this. You sent me that line. I read the words National Institution for Moral Instruction and I was like, Hey, this sounds like Nazis. It's pretty awful. Not quite time for, like the Nazi Party had not developed yet, but something about it. Immediately I was like, mmmm, no, this seems like something bad. The hardest of passes. Man, this one is so yucky in so many ways. I mean it starts with the camera hidden in a briefcase. That's creeper. Banvier extremely creepy. The way he became super ablest and into eugenics super creepy. It's really really uh, it's just troubling, and it is one of those things we didn't go into it, but that when the Inquiry started being published in nineteen twenty eight, it got a lot of coverage in the paper and like one newspaper there's this huge with a graphic article about it about like the findings of kids and how often kids lie and how you know kids. There's a quote from the researchers that like they in one of their experiments, they had this setup where kids were supposed to write down in a journal like the various good acts they did, I think, And it was a voluntary thing. Students didn't have to do it. But the kids that volunteered turned out to kind of be the biggest liars in the class based on their other studies, like that they were just lying in their journals about the good things they had done. And this, of course became very newsworthy because in the nineteen twenties, before the depression, people really had time to discuss whether or not kids were worthy of being human beings. It's so weird. It's all so weird. I can't I mean, you know, Dewey had it right, right, He's like, this is just social intelligence, you guys, because people will learned these things. That's part of growing up. Just to be super clear in case people have forgotten since the episode, the Dowe we were talking about there is not Melville Dewey, creator of the Dewey decimal system. No, we're not saying that guy was right about anything. It's a different do we have issue. So the Dewey decimal system I have, how horrible Melvil Dewey was on like my short list for an episode, but I just can't deal with him in this moment. Yeah. Yeah, the whole idea that like kids needed these very like like you said it, it vibes very you know, Nazish, the use of the future must be perfect kind of ideology. I will say this, A broken clock is right twice a day, okay. And I did find it is listed in that PhD paper that we read as like a footnote that she found in something else. So I didn't include in the episode because at that point it's many times removed from anything I can look up and verify. But she noted that she found in a thing someone mentioning fair Child's list of immoral behaviors. And there are a couple of things in this that I was like, well, yeah, that's right. Yeah. So one of them is opposition to proof of another's theories because of jealousy, Oh sure, degenerating into a propagandist of an unproved hypothesis instead of being true to the research purpose of discovering truth. Okay, that sounds great. We all need to learn that all the time, and then cowardice in supporting a verified generalization because it is unpopular and conflicts with selfish interests. I'm like, yeah, that's all true. Yeah, why are you so messed up? I also think, like, you know, teaching kids about things like honesty, uh great, Like fine, fine, I'm not saying that that shouldn't happen, but like that. The list of laws really exemplifies the way that a lot of thinking in our culture and history has been like, if you're able bodied, you're good. Yeah, but if you're not able bodied, obviously you're bad and it's your own fault somehow, and you should have not done that. And a boy, did I hate reading that. It's awful. It's awful. The whole idea that kids were basically going to be put in camps if they weren't moral. Yep, I hate it is so horrified, can you. I mean, I'm I of course, because I'm a self centered person, because I'm a human. You know, you always project yourself into these scenarios. And I would be like, listen, I was the kid that always had Holly lack self control written on every one of my report cards because I wanted to chitter chatter with everybody in class. I would be a kid that sat in incarceration in his world because I never learned that lesson. I never learned not to say bad words or yell when people made me angry. And it's like, it's something that simple that literally would make you considered not worthy of being in society. And I'm like, this also reaches a tipping point. Pretend none of it is even about the incarceration of people that don't pass the morality code. At what point is a code like this invoked to keep people down? Do you know what I mean? Like, if you have this and kids are doing this every day and they're reciting all of the ways that they're going to adhere to these laws of morality, what happens when that kid comes into a situation that they have not been prepared for where a person in power is doing something wrong because they have been taught to be loyal and to not complain right and to like right, Nope, that's a big noplelope. It made me so angry. It made me so angry that I was like, we have to talk about this. Yeah, it's gonna suck, but we have to talk about it. Yeah, man, yuck. Also, on the like you know, Bravo TV edition of this whole thing, we never found out, to the best of my knowledge, who the person was that put up that money. Yeah. I So, in addition to being like, hey man, this sounds like nazis what's happening, I went to try to figure out what this organization was because that was not a name I recognized from you know, the list of historical organizations in my head. And I found this one one thing that like listed all all the members and advisors and stuff like that, And I was like, who oh was this businessman that paid for this though? And that was not in there, no, by no anywhere, never found it. It's interesting, I know the work of the researchers that did the inquiry that oversaw it, Edward Thorndyke, he had been funded in his work, which was similarly trying to like dismantle these ideas or like show that they're not effective, was funded both by Rockefeller and Carnegie. Yeah. So I was like, well, those are the two people I would have suspected of putting up the money. So if they were working against it, who is this mystery person? I mean, will never know, maybe it was one of them. I don't know. Maybe we will know at some point when somebody's writing a dissertation on some businessmen and find the transaction and they're led somewhere right the nineteen sixteen five thousand dollars, or it might have been earlier, right, because it might have been oh sure allocated before when the thing was announced. Yeah, and the twenty thousand dollars like that. I mean that was a lot of money at the time, so that is a significant transaction. Yeah. Oh, I ache to know who it was. I ache who would have had a vested interest anyway. I could think and theorize for a very long time, but I don't. We may not ever know, or we may find out. I don't know. I'm sure glad that they stopped doing that. One of this week's episodes was on Mary Hunter Austin. Yeah. Who, I really thought that I was going to be writing an episode that was about walking in the desert and reading lots of quotes about her beautiful descriptions of the desert landscapes and the desert peoples that she was so in love with, And that was not the episode that we got. No, I did not intend this episode as like a counterpoint to Harriet Russell Williams Strong, who we talked about last year. I was gonna ask if I came up in the the friction stories about the irrigation issues. Yeah I did not. Yeah, I did not see Harriet Russell Williams Strong's name mentioned in any of it. But as I was doing the research on Mary Austin, I was like, what, why does this sound so familiar? We've talked about this on the show. When did we talk about it? H And just enough time had passed that I had to go digging to bring to mind what episode that was. In In addition to that dispute, it seems like Mary Austin had some conflicts with people. We mentioned John Muir at the beginning of the episode. I don't know what their disagreements were, but one of the sources that I used mentioned that there were disagreements that they butted heads in some way, and I was like, I wish I could find the details about that. Right we talked? We talked, Yeah, we talked about like being threatened with a lawsuit by HG. Wells and having a heart attack in the stress of all that. There was also apparently a falling out with Willa Cather. She just had all the greatest hits of arguments. Yeah, and I don't think I don't think we mentioned Willa Cather at all in the in the episode. But she met Willa Cather probably sometime in like the nineteen teens. They became friends. In nineteen twenty six, Mary was going to be a way to have an abdominal surgery, unrelated I think to the breast cancer diagnosis, which I have various questions about me doing us with that, which they are unresolved. I have no answers to the questions about her breast cancer diagnosis. But she was going to be in Saint Louis having an abdominal surgery, and Willa Cather was going to be passing through her neighborhood, and she was like, Hey, you can stay at my house while I'm away, and Willa Cather said great, And she wrote part of Death Comes for the Archbishop staying there at Mary Austin's house, and she acknowledged like she acknowledged this, I think in an inscribed book that she gave to Mary later on. But in Earth Horizon, Mary Hunter called Willa Cather's praise of French missionary priests a calamity and Willa Cather like publicly denied having written any part of any book at Mary Austin's home, and I was like everywhere. I think she may have met Willa Cather at Mabel Dodge Leuhan's house. That was the wife of Tony Luhan, who was the person that they had worked with to get permission to take pictures at taus Peblo. Mary Dodge Luhan seems like an incredibly fascinating person to maybe possibly do an episode about one day. She was an heiress and a promoter of the arts, and her home became kind of a gathering place or their home they were married. They became a gathering place and a retreat for writers and artists, and that included people like Georgia O'Keefe and Willa Cather. So she was sort of a central figure in the literature and arts and culture of this part of the US. Yeah, I'm I'm, I don't I know, you have no answers, but I'm like, oh, she lived way past the nineteen oh nine huh, I guess I'm not dying of breast cancer moments. So I think, yeah, like a long time after that. Yeah, I have absolutely no detail on like what kind of examination she was given when she was told that she had breast cancer. I have no idea what diagnostic tools went into that, really no sense of what her symptoms were besides this arm pain that had led her to go to the doctor. I just have a lot of questions about all of that too. Also, I have a lot of feelings about her daughter, Ruth, Yeah, because part of like the time when Mary was trying to parent Ruth with no resources, Some of that sounds offul really awful. I'm not really completely clear on how old Ruth was when Mary would go to work as a teacher and leave her by herself at home, like whether she was of an age that people might think that was okay. It seems like she was. She did not have the ability that she would needed that she would have needed to do that safely. So some of this just sounds really terrible. But the judgment that people passed on her for finding other arrangements was also really awful. Yeah, I felt like, personally, I had personal feelings about that because my mom her entire career was working with disabled people. She started working with disabled adults in a day program teaching things like literacy and math and life skills and things like that in a day program, and most of the adults that she worked with might be able to live in a group home setting or with family some kind of situation where they had additional help and additional support. But then she started working with children in a long term care facility, and the children that she worked with a lot of them had multiple disabilities. A lot of them had, I mean all of them. All of them had multiple disabilities. All of them had very high support needs, and a lot of them also had medical needs where they really needed like twenty four hour medical care on site. So like kids that needed breathing support, that needed to be suctioned on a regular basis, or had feeding tubes or some kind of stoma on their body, like all kinds of things like that. And sure there were parents that probably seemed inattentive or callous in that whole situation. There are also a lot of parents where it was like, what was the other option? Right, Like, this child needs care all the time, this child needs a lot of support all the time. The whole family also needs to have a home and eat and have electricity and all of that, and so like, it may not be possible for this child to be cared for at home. There are some ways for people to be cared for at home, but a lot of times those are extraordinarily expensive, they can be really hard to arrange. And sometimes there are just ways to have subsidized care in a residential facility that doesn't exist for somebody trying to stay at home. But people spoke about the parents whose children were living at this facility with a very broad brush and spoke as though everyone was just awful for having to place their child. And sometimes I'm just like, there, what would the other option be though? Right, take the fact that Ruth was disabled out of it, which is, you know, not to erase her or anything. But like, even if Mary had what would be called an easy baby, right, a kid that like hits all of their developmental marks, isn't especially fussy, seems well adjusted, she did not have a good model of parenthood to work from to begin with. Oh sure, yea. So even if she had a child with no disabilities, perfectly you know, healthy, and had had just an easy time in the world, I don't know that she would have been equipped with the tools to know how to be a great mom. Yeah, which, like, yes, especially at this time when it's not like there were a kajillion parenting books. Yeah, particularly not for parenting kids with disabilities. Right, Where was she gonna learn any of that? Yeah? Well, and also with her husband not really involved, right, but she's essentially a single parent. Yeah, she still would have needed to work to earn enough money to keep them housed and fed. So yeah, it's it's Uh. There are times in the accounts of that where I was like, wow, this sounds awful, and in this, you know, in this part of the situation, it seems like she did something really messed up. Uh. But there are also a lot of times where it seems like she was doing her best with no resources in a society that had no resources, that didn't even consider that there needed to be resources right for disabled children and their families, none of which I was prepared to be writing an episode about out surprise when I thought we were going to have an episode about walking in the desert, Uh surprise. So yeah. Yeah. A lot of Mary Hunter Austen's work is in the public domain, not all of it, Some of it is a little bit too recent to have come into the public domain yet, so there is a lot of it that you can read, uh on places like you know, Archive dot organ Project, Gutenberg. In places like that, I feel like her assertion that she could figure out English and writing on her own and she wanted to spend her college education on something else, that there was some hubris there, because it does seem like she struggled to work out things like, you know, craft and style and all of that. One of the reasons it took her for a really long time to get longer work published. It wasn't in addition, in addition to the fact that she was trying to care for a child, she was having to kind of learn as she went things like structure and form and and all of that. I also have only read some of some of her works. By no means have I tried to do a thorough survey of all of it in the time we have to prepare a podcast her almost one book a year for thirty two years. What you didn't buzz through thirty books? Real quick? Well? Difficult? Difficult? What are you a quitter? I am working on an episode upcoming about a writer that I love and even revisiting all of their works is like, yeah, taking some effort and time. Yeah, a lot of audiobook action going on. Yeah, if you want to send us a note about this or any other podcast or history podcast atiheartradio dot com, whatever is coming up for you on your weekend, I hope it is as good and smooth as possible. If you've got stuff in your life happening right now, I know a lot of us do stuff that's not great. I hope you're able to take some moments for yourself to take some deep breaths, Maybe get yourself a little treat of some sort. Maybe just sit under a tree where things are starting to turn green and bloom here in the Northern Hemisphere. If you're in the Southern Hemisphere getting ready to look at the oncoming of winter, I hope it's going to be a great winter. I guess autumn is closer because we're getting just about to spring. We're not exactly this summer yet. I just visited my parents and was able to cut some of the earliest blooming flowers in the yard to bring into my mom So, yeah, nice. We will be back with a Saturday Classic tomorrow and with something brand new on stuff you missed in history. Class is a production of iHeartRadio. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.