Evolution textbook timelines tell you when specific adaptations appeared. You learned herbivores developed complex plant-shredding teeth at a specific point in history. That's the fact. Except there's a skull sitting in a lab in Ottawa right now with those exact teeth, and it's millions of years older than the date your textbook says they're supposed to exist. One of those things has to be wrong.
The problem? This skull millions of years before herbivore teeth like this were supposed to evolve. The skull is smaller than your fist. It came from inside a hollow tree trunk in Nova Scotia where the animal either lived, denned, or fell in 310 million years ago. They named the species Tyrannorode, meaning Tyrant Digger, because it's ironically giant for something called a "microsaur."
The timeline you were taught as settled science just got updated by a fossil that wasn't supposed to be possible yet.
Topics: evolution textbook wrong, fossil discovery, evolutionary timeline, Nova Scotia paleontology, herbivore teeth
GUEST: Dr. Hillary Madden | Carleton University
Originally aired on 2026-02-24

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