Low back pain – one of the most common things we see as a GP. 80% of all people worldwide will experience low back pain at some point!  

• It affects 80% of population at some point in their lives.  
• It’s the leading cause of disability and time off work – it cost ACC $4 billion over last 11 years!  
• Most episodes are not serious and resolve over about six weeks.  
• The risk increases with age. 

What are the common causes of low back pain?  

• Muscle or ligament strain form lifting, bending, twisting, overuse, or falls  
• Poor posture, sitting, lack of exercise.  
• Age related ‘degeneration’ – arthritis of the low back.  
• Stress and anxiety can cause muscle tension which increases pain in the back.  

What are warning signs that low back pain is more serious?  

• Weakness in the leg or numbness in the leg that is worsening.  
• Severe pain following a fall. 
• Loss of bladder control or numbness in the groin. 
• Constant pain that become more severe and not improving, or associated with fever/temperature. 
• Your GP may order further investigations. 

If we have low back pain or strain, how do we treat it?  

• Most cases don’t need an x-ray and will resolve in few weeks. 
• Keep moving, don’t stay in bed, move as much as possible!  
• Pain relief: paracetamol, anti-inflammatory medication, if safe, such as ibuprofen, or medication to stop back muscle spasms.  
• Gentle stretching exercises and physio can help.  
• Long term prevention: regular exercise, weight loss. 

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