Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. Welcome back to the show, Ridiculous Historians. Thank you, as always so much for tuning in. Let's hear it for the man, the myth Legend super producer mister Max Williams. Hello, Hello Max? Who's that woo waing over? There?

Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. Welcome back to the show, Ridiculous Historians. Thank you, as always so much for tuning in. Let's hear it for the man, the myth Legend super producer mister Max Williams. Hello, Hello Max? Who's that woo waing over? There?

Is that you?

Is that you?

Noel Brown? Oh?

Noel Brown? Oh?

You know, I like a good wu and to wo you with history. And by you I mean the ridiculous historians at home.

You know, I like a good wu and to wo you with history. And by you I mean the ridiculous historians at home.

I think we all do. I am Ben Bollen and we are we are following up on a guys. I don't think any of us have been to Scotland right, not yet. No, I haven't. But I've seen Trainspotting in Brave Heart. Does that count?

I think we all do. I am Ben Bollen and we are we are following up on a guys. I don't think any of us have been to Scotland right, not yet. No, I haven't. But I've seen Trainspotting in Brave Heart. Does that count?

Yeah, I've got the full history of Scotland in those two films, Past and Present.

Yeah, I've got the full history of Scotland in those two films, Past and Present.

You're plugged in, You're plugged in. Max also, has not been a Scotland, but it's currently part of the United Kingdom. This was not always the case. In fact, Scotland became a part of the UK as recently as seventeen o seven, but it's still a very different part of the world. You know, It's got its own culture, its own cuisine.

You're plugged in, You're plugged in. Max also, has not been a Scotland, but it's currently part of the United Kingdom. This was not always the case. In fact, Scotland became a part of the UK as recently as seventeen o seven, but it's still a very different part of the world. You know, It's got its own culture, its own cuisine.

Oh yeah, I thought of another Scotland movie, Highlander series that's like Scotland of the future but also the past. It's weird the way those movies work.

Oh yeah, I thought of another Scotland movie, Highlander series that's like Scotland of the future but also the past. It's weird the way those movies work.

Yeah, yeah, do check out the entirety of the franchise before you write to our complaint department. Jonathan Strickland at iHeartMedia dot.

Yeah, yeah, do check out the entirety of the franchise before you write to our complaint department. Jonathan Strickland at iHeartMedia dot.

Com, especially the third one I think is called The Quickening. Maybe did I make that up? Or is that a dune thing?

Com, especially the third one I think is called The Quickening. Maybe did I make that up? Or is that a dune thing?

Well? The Quickening is what happens when you kill another immortal in the Highlander franchise.

Well? The Quickening is what happens when you kill another immortal in the Highlander franchise.

Oh no, Highlander two is subtitled The Quickening, and Highlander two is mega weird. It's like very futuristic and very very strange.

Oh no, Highlander two is subtitled The Quickening, and Highlander two is mega weird. It's like very futuristic and very very strange.

Yeah, there's a time jump in there, right big time. What you got Max?

Yeah, there's a time jump in there, right big time. What you got Max?

I will say I brought up Scotland with my mom recently as I pointed out to her that King James first I e. Bible dude is also King James six of Scotland, and she's like how, I'm like, well, they merged the lines together and explained HERM like, but yeah, it's kind of weird. It's a fun little trivia question. And I also then dropped her the legendary King James quote where he says, in the eyes of God, kings are gods too. It's like the most egotistical line I've ever seen.

I will say I brought up Scotland with my mom recently as I pointed out to her that King James first I e. Bible dude is also King James six of Scotland, and she's like how, I'm like, well, they merged the lines together and explained HERM like, but yeah, it's kind of weird. It's a fun little trivia question. And I also then dropped her the legendary King James quote where he says, in the eyes of God, kings are gods too. It's like the most egotistical line I've ever seen.

That.

That.

Yeah, James always known as a humble dude, as most rulers are. You know, it's funny. We were talking about this on a different show that inspired our episode. Today. Every so often, our beloved Scots will raise the flag and hold a referendum on regaining the independence that was lost in seventeen oh seven.

Yeah, James always known as a humble dude, as most rulers are. You know, it's funny. We were talking about this on a different show that inspired our episode. Today. Every so often, our beloved Scots will raise the flag and hold a referendum on regaining the independence that was lost in seventeen oh seven.

Remember that freedom, Freedom, That's the thing, right. Sorry, sorry, I'm hung up on brave heart guys. Please Scottish listeners, don't. I'm not making fun. I love the culture and the country of Scotland. I'm just purposefully sounding like a rube.

Remember that freedom, Freedom, That's the thing, right. Sorry, sorry, I'm hung up on brave heart guys. Please Scottish listeners, don't. I'm not making fun. I love the culture and the country of Scotland. I'm just purposefully sounding like a rube.

Well, we could say that there is a conspiracy afoot, because depending upon whom you ask, there will be people who tell you that every time Scotland pushes for independence, the United Kingdom sabotages those efforts. Why would they do that, rascals? It's a you know, maybe a story for a different day or a different show, But up up, I wonder what show you're referring to. Men. We'll never know, we will know we do stuff.

Well, we could say that there is a conspiracy afoot, because depending upon whom you ask, there will be people who tell you that every time Scotland pushes for independence, the United Kingdom sabotages those efforts. Why would they do that, rascals? It's a you know, maybe a story for a different day or a different show, But up up, I wonder what show you're referring to. Men. We'll never know, we will know we do stuff.

I don't want you to know this show, the podcast, the movie, the ride, the book. Check out the book by the way, it's still available anywhere fine books are sold.

I don't want you to know this show, the podcast, the movie, the ride, the book. Check out the book by the way, it's still available anywhere fine books are sold.

Yeah, it's a real sexy book. Fine book anyway. In today's episode, no, we're exploring how Scotland lost its independence in the first place, and it gets so ridiculous. This is something we discovered in the course of unrelated research.

Yeah, it's a real sexy book. Fine book anyway. In today's episode, no, we're exploring how Scotland lost its independence in the first place, and it gets so ridiculous. This is something we discovered in the course of unrelated research.

Yeah, it's true for that other aforementioned show, and it doesn't start in Scotland. Actually, the real tale unfolds and a fantastical, terrifying, gif full and severely unconquerable stretch of jungle known as the Darien Gap.

Yeah, it's true for that other aforementioned show, and it doesn't start in Scotland. Actually, the real tale unfolds and a fantastical, terrifying, gif full and severely unconquerable stretch of jungle known as the Darien Gap.

We're back, all right. What is the Darien Gap? Surprise, folks, It is not a gap store in Darien. That was our first guess. I think I was wanting to get some slacks, some slacks from the Daryan Gap in gap slacks, gap slacks. The Gap instead is like roughly a sixty six or so square mile region of rainforest and unforgiving mountains between Panama and Columbia. For all of known human history, it has been untamable. You can't put infrastructure in there. Really, no big civilization succeed. It's got everything. Stefan voice from SNL, brutal temperature extremes, dangerous wildlife, criminal cartels, human trafficking, disease, mudslides, gullies. If you're talking about danger, this place has it all.

We're back, all right. What is the Darien Gap? Surprise, folks, It is not a gap store in Darien. That was our first guess. I think I was wanting to get some slacks, some slacks from the Daryan Gap in gap slacks, gap slacks. The Gap instead is like roughly a sixty six or so square mile region of rainforest and unforgiving mountains between Panama and Columbia. For all of known human history, it has been untamable. You can't put infrastructure in there. Really, no big civilization succeed. It's got everything. Stefan voice from SNL, brutal temperature extremes, dangerous wildlife, criminal cartels, human trafficking, disease, mudslides, gullies. If you're talking about danger, this place has it all.

Indeed, and on a map, it does kind of look like, you know, on paper, a pretty solid location strategically, geopolitically, you know, economically speaking for trade, et cetera. It's the only land crossing from South to Central America, and it's very very convenient.

Indeed, and on a map, it does kind of look like, you know, on paper, a pretty solid location strategically, geopolitically, you know, economically speaking for trade, et cetera. It's the only land crossing from South to Central America, and it's very very convenient.

To the Caribbean.

To the Caribbean.

It's also right next to both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

It's also right next to both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

Yeah, like you were saying, no, if you just look at the map, you never actually stepped foot in the gap. Like a lot of other people throughout history, you might assume it's kind of the park Place or the Broadway in the Great Game of Geopolitical Monopoly, and back in the sixteen hundreds, Scotland made the same assumption. Beat me here, Max. Holy shit, were they wrong. They were super super wrong. They were disastrously incorrect. Boy oh boy, they were.

Yeah, like you were saying, no, if you just look at the map, you never actually stepped foot in the gap. Like a lot of other people throughout history, you might assume it's kind of the park Place or the Broadway in the Great Game of Geopolitical Monopoly, and back in the sixteen hundreds, Scotland made the same assumption. Beat me here, Max. Holy shit, were they wrong. They were super super wrong. They were disastrously incorrect. Boy oh boy, they were.

One thing that we have to understand about this age of exploration is that as soon as European powers kind of clocked that there were these vast stretches of land that contained riches, untold and natural resources over there in the America. Everybody wanted a piece. It's like the gold Rush in that way. Everyone's trying to get a piece of the action. And we do literally mean everyone, Scotland being no exception.

One thing that we have to understand about this age of exploration is that as soon as European powers kind of clocked that there were these vast stretches of land that contained riches, untold and natural resources over there in the America. Everybody wanted a piece. It's like the gold Rush in that way. Everyone's trying to get a piece of the action. And we do literally mean everyone, Scotland being no exception.

Yeah. Back in sixteen ninety eight, the Scots made a trading colony in the Darien Gap and this was part of something they called the Darien Venture, which is routinely described optimistically as the most ambitious colonial scheme attempted in the seventeenth century. And we want to give credit where it's due. We're getting a lot of this from an awesome book by John Prebble called The Darien Disaster.

Yeah. Back in sixteen ninety eight, the Scots made a trading colony in the Darien Gap and this was part of something they called the Darien Venture, which is routinely described optimistically as the most ambitious colonial scheme attempted in the seventeenth century. And we want to give credit where it's due. We're getting a lot of this from an awesome book by John Prebble called The Darien Disaster.

And this was not cheap and it required, i mean buy in from regular folks.

And this was not cheap and it required, i mean buy in from regular folks.

You know.

You know.

This was something that needed to be crowdsourced in order to pay for it.

This was something that needed to be crowdsourced in order to pay for it.

Yeah, this is where we introduce our flawed protagonists. There's a pretty successful Scottish guy named William Patterson Clan Patterson, our buddy Willie was born in Tinwall in sixteen fifty eight and he would later go on to found the Bank of England. So he made his first fortune doing that, and he also traveled extent throughout the Americas and West Indies. Dude was a big deal. And when he came back to Scotland from his aventions abroad, Uh, he said, I'm gonna make a second fortune. You see, I heard a story from a sailor.

Yeah, this is where we introduce our flawed protagonists. There's a pretty successful Scottish guy named William Patterson Clan Patterson, our buddy Willie was born in Tinwall in sixteen fifty eight and he would later go on to found the Bank of England. So he made his first fortune doing that, and he also traveled extent throughout the Americas and West Indies. Dude was a big deal. And when he came back to Scotland from his aventions abroad, Uh, he said, I'm gonna make a second fortune. You see, I heard a story from a sailor.

Ah.

Ah.

Yes, a yarn, a ripping yarn. Yeah. He was in London before he came back to Scotland and he met a sailor. This is his real name, Lionel Wafer, and he's a big fan of that hard tack. It's doesn't it sound like one of the fake names we would make up and improv. Oh my gosh, you know what ELSEO reminds me of them?

Yes, a yarn, a ripping yarn. Yeah. He was in London before he came back to Scotland and he met a sailor. This is his real name, Lionel Wafer, and he's a big fan of that hard tack. It's doesn't it sound like one of the fake names we would make up and improv. Oh my gosh, you know what ELSEO reminds me of them?

A name that you might find in the fantastic Seminole British television series Toast of London.

A name that you might find in the fantastic Seminole British television series Toast of London.

One hundred percent. Yes, good call there. Our buddy Lionel tells r. Pal Willie about this wonderful paradise on Earth, located in distant exotic Panama. Lionel says, this has a sheltered bay, the natives are friendly, the land is rich and fertile. It's a place called Darien. Sounds nice, doesn't it? Again on paper? Yeah, again on paper, especially if you're from Scotland. No offense Scotland.

One hundred percent. Yes, good call there. Our buddy Lionel tells r. Pal Willie about this wonderful paradise on Earth, located in distant exotic Panama. Lionel says, this has a sheltered bay, the natives are friendly, the land is rich and fertile. It's a place called Darien. Sounds nice, doesn't it? Again on paper? Yeah, again on paper, especially if you're from Scotland. No offense Scotland.

Well no, I mean they not to say that Scotland doesn't have lush, rolling hills and all that good stuff, but nothing resembling this type of potentially flourishing ecosystem.

Well no, I mean they not to say that Scotland doesn't have lush, rolling hills and all that good stuff, but nothing resembling this type of potentially flourishing ecosystem.

Yeah. Yeah. And Willie immediately just something about this story hooks it the idea that Darien could be the future of Scotland. He says, Look, everybody is getting into this colonialism game. Why not us? Why not us? Yeah? What if we start a trading colony right there at the crossroads of the Atlantic and the Pacific. And he was already thinking about how how much money you could make, because this could get This is pre Panama Canal, right, so this could give you a shortcut through these continents. Otherwise you have to sail around Cape Horn at the very bottom of South America, at the deer of South America. And that's just a bummer. It takes forever. Oh my gosh, what a hassle. Yeah, it's true.

Yeah. Yeah. And Willie immediately just something about this story hooks it the idea that Darien could be the future of Scotland. He says, Look, everybody is getting into this colonialism game. Why not us? Why not us? Yeah? What if we start a trading colony right there at the crossroads of the Atlantic and the Pacific. And he was already thinking about how how much money you could make, because this could get This is pre Panama Canal, right, so this could give you a shortcut through these continents. Otherwise you have to sail around Cape Horn at the very bottom of South America, at the deer of South America. And that's just a bummer. It takes forever. Oh my gosh, what a hassle. Yeah, it's true.

So Peterson has dollar signs in his eyes, and he's looking at the big picture of all of this, and perhaps he's so kind of enamored by the whole idea of this, and he used the word that's going to come up later scheme that he might have overlooked some of the potential drawbacks.

So Peterson has dollar signs in his eyes, and he's looking at the big picture of all of this, and perhaps he's so kind of enamored by the whole idea of this, and he used the word that's going to come up later scheme that he might have overlooked some of the potential drawbacks.

Yeah, he was super hype. Like if you have ever been brainstorming with your friends on a great idea and you get crazy optimistic, it's tough to be the person who says no or the person who says, hey on, let's really think about this. He didn't have anybody like that bringing him back to Earth. He didn't have any no men only yes, yeah, yeah, yeah, he was straight up thinking they could pull a wicked and defy gravity.

Yeah, he was super hype. Like if you have ever been brainstorming with your friends on a great idea and you get crazy optimistic, it's tough to be the person who says no or the person who says, hey on, let's really think about this. He didn't have anybody like that bringing him back to Earth. He didn't have any no men only yes, yeah, yeah, yeah, he was straight up thinking they could pull a wicked and defy gravity.

I was waiting for that reference just in general, just in life, just expecting let's hold some space with those lyrics, with a good ridiculous story.

I was waiting for that reference just in general, just in life, just expecting let's hold some space with those lyrics, with a good ridiculous story.

And our buddy Willie says, he writes this down when he's describing the possibility of a Scottish colony in the dairy and Gap. He says, this could be the door to the seas and the key of the universe. Okay, wow, you know what it is. The door to the seas. That doesn't seem very practical. I could see the key to the universe, but door to the seas is a bit of an odd metaphor. Key to the Universe is the one that freaks me out a little. But I think we could both agree this is if nothing else, this is a bit ambitious, bit pie in the sky and a bit highlandery. Yes he was experiencing the quickening, it seems so. Yes. Yeah. It's sixteen ninety three and Willie helped set up something called the Company of Scotland Trading to Africa and the Indies in Edinburgh descriptive. I get what they're about.

And our buddy Willie says, he writes this down when he's describing the possibility of a Scottish colony in the dairy and Gap. He says, this could be the door to the seas and the key of the universe. Okay, wow, you know what it is. The door to the seas. That doesn't seem very practical. I could see the key to the universe, but door to the seas is a bit of an odd metaphor. Key to the Universe is the one that freaks me out a little. But I think we could both agree this is if nothing else, this is a bit ambitious, bit pie in the sky and a bit highlandery. Yes he was experiencing the quickening, it seems so. Yes. Yeah. It's sixteen ninety three and Willie helped set up something called the Company of Scotland Trading to Africa and the Indies in Edinburgh descriptive. I get what they're about.

Their purpose you couldn't clock it from the name was to establish a Scottish foothold there on the Isthmus of Darien in South America, right on top of that famous gap which they would also need to.

Their purpose you couldn't clock it from the name was to establish a Scottish foothold there on the Isthmus of Darien in South America, right on top of that famous gap which they would also need to.

Mind they mind the gap they fall in, which they kind of did. And he and his partners and this became an international affair. They said, look, our company is going to prosper with all this foreign trade, right, we're going to we're going to control the passage. And you, fellow local Scottish residents, you can travel with us to this far flung remote spot. You can settle down there. You can have your own fortune, your own pursuit of happiness. You can establish a new life a world away, your own copy of the Key to the Universe. Mm hmm, yeah, your.

Mind they mind the gap they fall in, which they kind of did. And he and his partners and this became an international affair. They said, look, our company is going to prosper with all this foreign trade, right, we're going to we're going to control the passage. And you, fellow local Scottish residents, you can travel with us to this far flung remote spot. You can settle down there. You can have your own fortune, your own pursuit of happiness. You can establish a new life a world away, your own copy of the Key to the Universe. Mm hmm, yeah, your.

It really is a massive sales pitch, oh h to the Scottish people. Like like we were saying earlier, this is an early example of kind of crowdfunding something because they certainly you know, were putting out He was putting up his own money, of course, but it was going to be such an expensive proposition that they needed some serious help.

It really is a massive sales pitch, oh h to the Scottish people. Like like we were saying earlier, this is an early example of kind of crowdfunding something because they certainly you know, were putting out He was putting up his own money, of course, but it was going to be such an expensive proposition that they needed some serious help.

In order to do that, they had to sell this idea, and sell they did. Big shout out to Ben Johnson over at Historic UK dot com who breaks down some of the blow by blow here to be completely crystal clear, this is a crazy.

In order to do that, they had to sell this idea, and sell they did. Big shout out to Ben Johnson over at Historic UK dot com who breaks down some of the blow by blow here to be completely crystal clear, this is a crazy.

Idea, absolutely bonkers. After a certain threshold, As you point out, Ben and your in your outline here going to paraphrase, this ambition often meets with some diminishing returns and it's very important at this point in our story to wrap our heads around that. I think we've been teasing this already, but Scotland was in a state of massive national crisis and this was almost being presented as.

Idea, absolutely bonkers. After a certain threshold, As you point out, Ben and your in your outline here going to paraphrase, this ambition often meets with some diminishing returns and it's very important at this point in our story to wrap our heads around that. I think we've been teasing this already, but Scotland was in a state of massive national crisis and this was almost being presented as.

A path forward. One hundred percent. Yeah, if we go to doctor Mike Ibiji, writing for the BBC. Then we get a sense of just how dire the situation had become at home. This is a little bit of a longer quote, so let's round robin it. Here we go. Decades of warfare had combined with seven years of famine to drive people from their homesteads and choke the cities with homeless vagrants starving to death in the streets. The nation's trade had been crippled by England's continual wars against continental Europe, and its homegrown industries were withering on the vibe.

A path forward. One hundred percent. Yeah, if we go to doctor Mike Ibiji, writing for the BBC. Then we get a sense of just how dire the situation had become at home. This is a little bit of a longer quote, so let's round robin it. Here we go. Decades of warfare had combined with seven years of famine to drive people from their homesteads and choke the cities with homeless vagrants starving to death in the streets. The nation's trade had been crippled by England's continual wars against continental Europe, and its homegrown industries were withering on the vibe.

Something had to be done, Some way had to be found to revive Scotland's economic fortunes before it got swallowed up by its much richer neighbor south.

Something had to be done, Some way had to be found to revive Scotland's economic fortunes before it got swallowed up by its much richer neighbor south.

Of the border. And then, I mean not only did they need this economically, I mean morale was super low.

Of the border. And then, I mean not only did they need this economically, I mean morale was super low.

This would be a way to kind of regain some national pride after all of this misfortune.

This would be a way to kind of regain some national pride after all of this misfortune.

And now we see that there's not just a need for this, but there's a time window. The clock is ticking down, so this had to work. This could be a life saving move for Scotland. And more and more people were saying, do we have any other options. Our friends at the Company of Scotland. They go to some associates who are English and Dutch, and half of the capital for the crazy plan here comes from English Dutch investors, the other half entirely from Scotland. However, things went sour almost immediately, and to be fair, they went sour due to forces outside of Scottish control. A big company conspired against them.

And now we see that there's not just a need for this, but there's a time window. The clock is ticking down, so this had to work. This could be a life saving move for Scotland. And more and more people were saying, do we have any other options. Our friends at the Company of Scotland. They go to some associates who are English and Dutch, and half of the capital for the crazy plan here comes from English Dutch investors, the other half entirely from Scotland. However, things went sour almost immediately, and to be fair, they went sour due to forces outside of Scottish control. A big company conspired against them.

Oh yeah, one of the big ones, the big big bads of history, the infamous East India trading company Boom Max.

Oh yeah, one of the big ones, the big big bads of history, the infamous East India trading company Boom Max.

Give us a boo here a louder one. Yeah, for sure.

Give us a boo here a louder one. Yeah, for sure.

They were putting a ton of pressure on England to pull out of this investment.

They were putting a ton of pressure on England to pull out of this investment.

The scheme, oh yeah, and we should point this out because we mentioned it a few times. Scheme has a sinister or sleazy connotation here in American English or US English, but in European English.

The scheme, oh yeah, and we should point this out because we mentioned it a few times. Scheme has a sinister or sleazy connotation here in American English or US English, but in European English.

Scheming plans plan Yeah, yeah, And I mean I think when I was pointing out the kind of I think I was definitely leaning into the English connotations around that at the top of the show.

Scheming plans plan Yeah, yeah, And I mean I think when I was pointing out the kind of I think I was definitely leaning into the English connotations around that at the top of the show.

But that's not what they were going for here.

But that's not what they were going for here.

Though, looking back on it in history, that English interpretation kind of tracks a little better than plan.

Though, looking back on it in history, that English interpretation kind of tracks a little better than plan.

They Yeah, that's the thing. There is a conspiracy here. The East India boys had this monopoly on trade and they were very serious players in the game. They wanted to eradicate all possible competition as soon as possible. Yeah, by any means necessary. They've got bodies they can claim, just like the just like the Big Mule Lobby and the US Cable Core.

They Yeah, that's the thing. There is a conspiracy here. The East India boys had this monopoly on trade and they were very serious players in the game. They wanted to eradicate all possible competition as soon as possible. Yeah, by any means necessary. They've got bodies they can claim, just like the just like the Big Mule Lobby and the US Cable Core.

Okay, maybe a little worse, but fair enough, arguably a bit worse that. You know, there's tons of fiction that involves the East India Training Company as well, just as like these sinister Illuminati type pullers of the strings of commerce and history.

Okay, maybe a little worse, but fair enough, arguably a bit worse that. You know, there's tons of fiction that involves the East India Training Company as well, just as like these sinister Illuminati type pullers of the strings of commerce and history.

One of the first most dangerousnational corporations right and inherently tied into the politics of the Crown at the time. So it came to pass that they used their monopolistic leverage to force all of the English funding out of the game at the last minute, at the eleventh hour. The Dutch dipped out as well, so Scotland is left holding the bag. They become the soul investors. But they feel they're too far along, Like you were saying earlier, they need a win, so they just had to keep selling the play and sort of pray that it worked out in the end.

One of the first most dangerousnational corporations right and inherently tied into the politics of the Crown at the time. So it came to pass that they used their monopolistic leverage to force all of the English funding out of the game at the last minute, at the eleventh hour. The Dutch dipped out as well, so Scotland is left holding the bag. They become the soul investors. But they feel they're too far along, Like you were saying earlier, they need a win, so they just had to keep selling the play and sort of pray that it worked out in the end.

Yeah, So they just onward and hopefully upward. It was their trajectory at this point. At first it seemed like it might be salvageable. They had been, of course betrayed, you know one time of many by England and their corporate entities or extensions of the Crown in the East India Company. Scotland was able to lean on its own native kind of businessmen and politicians I luminaries for more support. This included we're getting to now extending the offer to thousands of ordinary Scottish people who were invited to invest in the expedition. I think around five hundred thousand pounds of Scottish people's money went into this. And since we don't know the exact year, unfortunately we can't give that one a boop. But what we do know is that this comprised about half of the national capital available like overall.

Yeah, So they just onward and hopefully upward. It was their trajectory at this point. At first it seemed like it might be salvageable. They had been, of course betrayed, you know one time of many by England and their corporate entities or extensions of the Crown in the East India Company. Scotland was able to lean on its own native kind of businessmen and politicians I luminaries for more support. This included we're getting to now extending the offer to thousands of ordinary Scottish people who were invited to invest in the expedition. I think around five hundred thousand pounds of Scottish people's money went into this. And since we don't know the exact year, unfortunately we can't give that one a boop. But what we do know is that this comprised about half of the national capital available like overall.

Yeah, it's for modern comparison, folks, it's as though everybody in the United States got a clarion call. They took all the extra money they had and they put half of it into making a space mission. So we are not exaggerating. This is not hyperbole. Literally, almost every Scottish person who had five pounds to spare invested in this scheme.

Yeah, it's for modern comparison, folks, it's as though everybody in the United States got a clarion call. They took all the extra money they had and they put half of it into making a space mission. So we are not exaggerating. This is not hyperbole. Literally, almost every Scottish person who had five pounds to spare invested in this scheme.

Somehow two tuppens to rub together got thrown into this scheme. A quote from the BBC article that we mentioned before by Ben Johnson. The money was used to fit out five ships for the expedition. The Unicorn, great name for a ship. Saint Andrew Caledonia also.

Somehow two tuppens to rub together got thrown into this scheme. A quote from the BBC article that we mentioned before by Ben Johnson. The money was used to fit out five ships for the expedition. The Unicorn, great name for a ship. Saint Andrew Caledonia also.

Really cool name.

Really cool name.

A couple cool names coming up too, Endeavor like that one very spacelike. We have a spaceship called the Endeavor and the Dolphin, which I just dig Despite efforts by the English authorities to block them, the English ambassador to Holland even threatened to embargo any merchants who traded with the new company, so.

A couple cool names coming up too, Endeavor like that one very spacelike. We have a spaceship called the Endeavor and the Dolphin, which I just dig Despite efforts by the English authorities to block them, the English ambassador to Holland even threatened to embargo any merchants who traded with the new company, so.

Really really continuing to.

Really really continuing to.

Ratchet up the pressure there and make sure that nobody was going to come to the aid of Scotland.

Ratchet up the pressure there and make sure that nobody was going to come to the aid of Scotland.

And we know that thousands, as you mentioned, thousands of Scottish people volunteer to travel on these five ships. And they said, look, we're a lot of these people honestly are fighting with famine at home. There are a lot of disaffected veterans of previous wars and they're looking for the next chapter in their lives. So thousands of people are moving to the tune of William Patterson and his founders or his co founders. And it was all inspired by a single guy, by the toll tales of a sailor. If Lionel Wafer was not lying, he was at least in Belisheet a little bit. These guys had a wildly optimistic view of what they would find in the Darien Gap. And you know, you can tell they have big plans by going to the manifest, the cargo manifest of the first expedition. They weren't bringing well, they were obviously bringing some survival equipment, but they also brought a lot of chochke's that they thought they could sell to the native people, not particularly clued in to the lay of the land. There wigs.

And we know that thousands, as you mentioned, thousands of Scottish people volunteer to travel on these five ships. And they said, look, we're a lot of these people honestly are fighting with famine at home. There are a lot of disaffected veterans of previous wars and they're looking for the next chapter in their lives. So thousands of people are moving to the tune of William Patterson and his founders or his co founders. And it was all inspired by a single guy, by the toll tales of a sailor. If Lionel Wafer was not lying, he was at least in Belisheet a little bit. These guys had a wildly optimistic view of what they would find in the Darien Gap. And you know, you can tell they have big plans by going to the manifest, the cargo manifest of the first expedition. They weren't bringing well, they were obviously bringing some survival equipment, but they also brought a lot of chochke's that they thought they could sell to the native people, not particularly clued in to the lay of the land. There wigs.

What are you going to do with boxes of wigs? What are the native people going to do with wigs? Even like I don't know it does it's very very tone deaf, the whole thing. And you know, another thing to think about too, is that these Scott's, these you know, normal citizens who went along for this right, they'd already lost so much and experienced so much hardship and lost that even the unknown of this to them was worth the risk. However, it was being sold to them as this, you know, new world kind of adventure, you know, finding this like paradise, you know in the Darien Gap.

What are you going to do with boxes of wigs? What are the native people going to do with wigs? Even like I don't know it does it's very very tone deaf, the whole thing. And you know, another thing to think about too, is that these Scott's, these you know, normal citizens who went along for this right, they'd already lost so much and experienced so much hardship and lost that even the unknown of this to them was worth the risk. However, it was being sold to them as this, you know, new world kind of adventure, you know, finding this like paradise, you know in the Darien Gap.

And I don't know, Ben, do you think this was.

And I don't know, Ben, do you think this was.

Like an active grift or was it really just an example of like putting the cart before the horse and kind of overly optimistic outlook on what was maybe to come.

Like an active grift or was it really just an example of like putting the cart before the horse and kind of overly optimistic outlook on what was maybe to come.

Yeah, the latter Patterson very much believed in this and as a as a patriot, he was being sincere in genuine in that he honestly believed this would work. And so the Darien scheme now is more than an exciting business venture. It is a matter of national pride. It is patriotism. It's everybody chipping in to save Scotland, that's right.

Yeah, the latter Patterson very much believed in this and as a as a patriot, he was being sincere in genuine in that he honestly believed this would work. And so the Darien scheme now is more than an exciting business venture. It is a matter of national pride. It is patriotism. It's everybody chipping in to save Scotland, that's right.

So the first expedition begins, sets forth and arrives. Writing for BBC History, doctor Mike Ebeggie puts it this way. The ship sets sail from Leith Harbor on fourth July sixteen ninety eight, under the command of Captain Robert Penachem. Of the twelve hundred settlers in the first expedition, only he and William Patterson knew of their destination, which was outlined in sealed packages to be open only once the ships were on the open sea. They're protecting their what their investment here. They're making sure that there's no espionage that like clocks the location and beats them to it.

So the first expedition begins, sets forth and arrives. Writing for BBC History, doctor Mike Ebeggie puts it this way. The ship sets sail from Leith Harbor on fourth July sixteen ninety eight, under the command of Captain Robert Penachem. Of the twelve hundred settlers in the first expedition, only he and William Patterson knew of their destination, which was outlined in sealed packages to be open only once the ships were on the open sea. They're protecting their what their investment here. They're making sure that there's no espionage that like clocks the location and beats them to it.

Part of it. And we remember those Spanish forces are very active at this point in time as well. But another part is they already have the English opposition, so if they let word get out about their destination, things may get complicated. So it takes a while to travel across the ocean at this time. They don't land until November two. Seventy people die on the way. Okay, not a great start.

Part of it. And we remember those Spanish forces are very active at this point in time as well. But another part is they already have the English opposition, so if they let word get out about their destination, things may get complicated. So it takes a while to travel across the ocean at this time. They don't land until November two. Seventy people die on the way. Okay, not a great start.

However, those that did arrive remained optimistic and they named the peninsula that they landed on in New Caledonia and started the work of building a series of homesteads, you know, a settlement.

However, those that did arrive remained optimistic and they named the peninsula that they landed on in New Caledonia and started the work of building a series of homesteads, you know, a settlement.

And this is where we go to some primary sources. Our pal Willie Patterson is pretty honest about this in retrospect. He by the way, just spoiler. He later goes on to repair his reputation by giving a very objective, unforgiving review of the events. But they arrive at this initial site, he describes it as quote Emir Morass, neither fit to be fortified, nor planted, nor indeed for the men to lie upon. We were clearing and making huts upon this improper place near two months, in which time Experience the school Master of Fools convinced our masters that the new place, now called Fort Saint Andrew, was a more proper place for us. And I want to take a second and just say how beautiful that writing is. Experience the school Master of.

And this is where we go to some primary sources. Our pal Willie Patterson is pretty honest about this in retrospect. He by the way, just spoiler. He later goes on to repair his reputation by giving a very objective, unforgiving review of the events. But they arrive at this initial site, he describes it as quote Emir Morass, neither fit to be fortified, nor planted, nor indeed for the men to lie upon. We were clearing and making huts upon this improper place near two months, in which time Experience the school Master of Fools convinced our masters that the new place, now called Fort Saint Andrew, was a more proper place for us. And I want to take a second and just say how beautiful that writing is. Experience the school Master of.

Fools indeed, and the idea of an improper place neither fit to be fortified nor planted. So within the fort they started to build the huts of what would.

Fools indeed, and the idea of an improper place neither fit to be fortified nor planted. So within the fort they started to build the huts of what would.

Then be named New Edinburgh. Makes sense they were still putting new in front of all the names.

Then be named New Edinburgh. Makes sense they were still putting new in front of all the names.

That's right, of course, And yeah, like you do when you're I mean, they're trying to again, they're trying to extend their home to this new land, and so it may sense that they would use familiar city names, kind of like a sister city situation. However, they soon found that the land was also completely unsuited for the kind of agriculture they were familiar with, and the native people there were super not down for combs, wigs and mirrors.

That's right, of course, And yeah, like you do when you're I mean, they're trying to again, they're trying to extend their home to this new land, and so it may sense that they would use familiar city names, kind of like a sister city situation. However, they soon found that the land was also completely unsuited for the kind of agriculture they were familiar with, and the native people there were super not down for combs, wigs and mirrors.

Yeah, and the weather was rough because this is the Darien Gap. So spring of sixteen ninety nine we're talking delugious, torrential rain, biblical rain. And with that came a lack of sanitation and of course disease. So if you go to March of sixteen ninety nine, more than two hundred of the original colonists have died and things are just getting worse. The death rate is now over ten people a day. So you wake up and you wonder which ten of the folks you know are now dead. Yeah, really bad news.

Yeah, and the weather was rough because this is the Darien Gap. So spring of sixteen ninety nine we're talking delugious, torrential rain, biblical rain. And with that came a lack of sanitation and of course disease. So if you go to March of sixteen ninety nine, more than two hundred of the original colonists have died and things are just getting worse. The death rate is now over ten people a day. So you wake up and you wonder which ten of the folks you know are now dead. Yeah, really bad news.

And to add insult to injury, the trade ships that were sent out to retrieve supplies came back with the news that all English ships and colonies surprise, surprise, were forbidden from trading with the Scots by order of the king himself.

And to add insult to injury, the trade ships that were sent out to retrieve supplies came back with the news that all English ships and colonies surprise, surprise, were forbidden from trading with the Scots by order of the king himself.

Yeah, so the other European outposts that you could ask for help, they can't mess with you. And one ship doesn't one ship doesn't make it off the sea at all. The dolphin was captured by the Spanish over there the Spanish.

Yeah, so the other European outposts that you could ask for help, they can't mess with you. And one ship doesn't one ship doesn't make it off the sea at all. The dolphin was captured by the Spanish over there the Spanish.

Main and it's its crew imprisoned. So it's likely that the folks who never made it to the gap in the first place. However, may have actually had an easier going than one member of the first expedition, a young man named Robert Oswald, wrote a very graphic and detailed account of his experience in the colony, and ben, maybe we should do a little round robin of this one. I think it's worth beating the whole thing because it really does paint quite the picture.

Main and it's its crew imprisoned. So it's likely that the folks who never made it to the gap in the first place. However, may have actually had an easier going than one member of the first expedition, a young man named Robert Oswald, wrote a very graphic and detailed account of his experience in the colony, and ben, maybe we should do a little round robin of this one. I think it's worth beating the whole thing because it really does paint quite the picture.

Yeah, when I was doing the research for this, this really stood out to me because it's long and it's graphic, but it's important to hear it. Oswald begins by noting the settlers lived on less than a pound of flour per week per person. And get this, the flower was moldy. It was gross. So he goes into detail. He goes into detail about his terrible experience. And he here's what he says, What don't you pop the top on this one? Sure thing?

Yeah, when I was doing the research for this, this really stood out to me because it's long and it's graphic, but it's important to hear it. Oswald begins by noting the settlers lived on less than a pound of flour per week per person. And get this, the flower was moldy. It was gross. So he goes into detail. He goes into detail about his terrible experience. And he here's what he says, What don't you pop the top on this one? Sure thing?

But when boiled with a little water without anything else, big maggots and worms must be skimmed off the top. In short, a man might easily have destroyed his whole week's rations in one day and have but one ordinary stomach neither Yet for all this short allowance, every man let him never be so weak. Daily turned out to work by daylight, whether with the hatchet or wheelbarrow, pickaxe, shovel, fore hammer, or any other instrument the case required.

But when boiled with a little water without anything else, big maggots and worms must be skimmed off the top. In short, a man might easily have destroyed his whole week's rations in one day and have but one ordinary stomach neither Yet for all this short allowance, every man let him never be so weak. Daily turned out to work by daylight, whether with the hatchet or wheelbarrow, pickaxe, shovel, fore hammer, or any other instrument the case required.

And so continued until twelve o'clock, and to two again, and stayed till night, sometimes working all day up to the headbands of the breeches and water at the trenches. My shoulders have been so war with carrying burdens that the skin has come off them and grew full of boils. If a man were sick, Oswald continues, and obliged to stay within no victuals for him that day, which just to step out here means if you took a sick day, you would starve here, he continues. Our counselors, all the while, lying at their ease, sometimes divided into factions, and being swayed by particular interest, ruined the public. Our bodies pined away and grew so macerated with such allowance that we were like so many skeletons, so many skeletons.

And so continued until twelve o'clock, and to two again, and stayed till night, sometimes working all day up to the headbands of the breeches and water at the trenches. My shoulders have been so war with carrying burdens that the skin has come off them and grew full of boils. If a man were sick, Oswald continues, and obliged to stay within no victuals for him that day, which just to step out here means if you took a sick day, you would starve here, he continues. Our counselors, all the while, lying at their ease, sometimes divided into factions, and being swayed by particular interest, ruined the public. Our bodies pined away and grew so macerated with such allowance that we were like so many skeletons, so many skeletons.

Also excellent writing, great find there Ben. The Darien disaster by John Prebble you've mentioned previously is an excellent account of this, and I believe that's where that quote came.

Also excellent writing, great find there Ben. The Darien disaster by John Prebble you've mentioned previously is an excellent account of this, and I believe that's where that quote came.

From Yeah, and we also know we also know that Patterson, like despite the fact that clearly Oswald is saying the people at the top were not putting in the same effort. You know, he says, they're lying at ease, they're fighting with themselves. Patterson is the leader of this group and he still has a terrible time even though he's at the top. He loses his wife, his dreams clearly go wrong.

From Yeah, and we also know we also know that Patterson, like despite the fact that clearly Oswald is saying the people at the top were not putting in the same effort. You know, he says, they're lying at ease, they're fighting with themselves. Patterson is the leader of this group and he still has a terrible time even though he's at the top. He loses his wife, his dreams clearly go wrong.

You're right, and he really was a true believer in this plan. I mean, he wasn't trying to builk anybody to his credit.

You're right, and he really was a true believer in this plan. I mean, he wasn't trying to builk anybody to his credit.

Yeah, there's a final straw. There's news that the Spanish are going to plan an attack on the colony. So this settlers run off to the sea panicking. They abandoned the settlement. There are four ships that fled the colony and only one made it back to Scotland with.

Yeah, there's a final straw. There's news that the Spanish are going to plan an attack on the colony. So this settlers run off to the sea panicking. They abandoned the settlement. There are four ships that fled the colony and only one made it back to Scotland with.

Less than three hundred folks on board. And you'd think this was the end of the whole mess. Unfortunately there is more. There was, in fact, a second expedition that left Scotland in August of sixteen ninety nine, and they didn't know what they were in for, you know, with the distance and the arduousness of the expedition.

Less than three hundred folks on board. And you'd think this was the end of the whole mess. Unfortunately there is more. There was, in fact, a second expedition that left Scotland in August of sixteen ninety nine, and they didn't know what they were in for, you know, with the distance and the arduousness of the expedition.

There was no way of getting word back. It reminds me a bit of the Russian fleet that was traveling in our earlier episode about the Japanese or the Russo Japanese War. That's right, because they were sailing for months and they had no idea what happened to the first folks, Oh, Noel, the second expedition, we've got three ships, their flagship is the Rising Sun. Altogether they carry thirteen hundred and two people. One hundred and sixty of those folks are never going to make it across the ocean. They die on the way.

There was no way of getting word back. It reminds me a bit of the Russian fleet that was traveling in our earlier episode about the Japanese or the Russo Japanese War. That's right, because they were sailing for months and they had no idea what happened to the first folks, Oh, Noel, the second expedition, we've got three ships, their flagship is the Rising Sun. Altogether they carry thirteen hundred and two people. One hundred and sixty of those folks are never going to make it across the ocean. They die on the way.

Now, and this is all too common with these kinds of sea expeditions. I mean, it's just there's no way around it. It really is a bit of a roll of the dice as to who's going to make it to the destination. Finding the colony completely abandoned, they started to go about the process, the arduous task of rebuilding it. But the second colony didn't do a whole heck of a lot better than the first. Understandably, the conditions were just not conducive to settlement m hm.

Now, and this is all too common with these kinds of sea expeditions. I mean, it's just there's no way around it. It really is a bit of a roll of the dice as to who's going to make it to the destination. Finding the colony completely abandoned, they started to go about the process, the arduous task of rebuilding it. But the second colony didn't do a whole heck of a lot better than the first. Understandably, the conditions were just not conducive to settlement m hm.

And we know that everybody was looking for someone to blame. One Presbyterian minister in the second expedition immediately said the harsh conditions had driven the colonists away from God and said it's your fault. He specifically wrote, our land has spewed out its scout. We could not veiled to get that wicked diss restrained, all the growth of its stopped. Ooh, spewed out its scum. He was like, you guys are barbarians. You've become monsters, and that's why everybody is sick and dying. You are damn need a lot of you.

And we know that everybody was looking for someone to blame. One Presbyterian minister in the second expedition immediately said the harsh conditions had driven the colonists away from God and said it's your fault. He specifically wrote, our land has spewed out its scout. We could not veiled to get that wicked diss restrained, all the growth of its stopped. Ooh, spewed out its scum. He was like, you guys are barbarians. You've become monsters, and that's why everybody is sick and dying. You are damn need a lot of you.

He felt that the disease and all of the harsh conditions were a it's like a Sodom and Gomorra type situation.

He felt that the disease and all of the harsh conditions were a it's like a Sodom and Gomorra type situation.

Or something like.

Or something like.

This was a form of divine punishment rained down from the heavens.

This was a form of divine punishment rained down from the heavens.

And add to that the constant, very real and actionable threat of Spanish attacks no support from any of the English colonies. This inspires one officer, a young guy named Captain Alexander Campbell, to organize a pre emptive strike against Spanish forces that are massing along the mainland. Their attack is successful, It's a surprise attack, but all it does, all this victory does is piss off the Spanish, and the Spanish finally say okay, we're going to come down with a hammer now, that's right.

And add to that the constant, very real and actionable threat of Spanish attacks no support from any of the English colonies. This inspires one officer, a young guy named Captain Alexander Campbell, to organize a pre emptive strike against Spanish forces that are massing along the mainland. Their attack is successful, It's a surprise attack, but all it does, all this victory does is piss off the Spanish, and the Spanish finally say okay, we're going to come down with a hammer now, that's right.

And they're led by Governor General Pimento. That's how it's waiver and Pemiento, like a delightful snack led this massive fleet and an army that besieged Fort Saint Andrew.

And they're led by Governor General Pimento. That's how it's waiver and Pemiento, like a delightful snack led this massive fleet and an army that besieged Fort Saint Andrew.

And Fort Saint Andrew, outmatched, out gunned, they finally surrender in March of seventeen hundred. As a condition of the surrender, the surviving Scottish colonists are permitted to leave the fort peacefully, to board their ships and make it back to Scotland. Only a handful do, and the blow of Scottish morale is incalculable. The colonists who did return, they were pariahs in their own land. They were now living representations of this amazing plan that went so wrong.

And Fort Saint Andrew, outmatched, out gunned, they finally surrender in March of seventeen hundred. As a condition of the surrender, the surviving Scottish colonists are permitted to leave the fort peacefully, to board their ships and make it back to Scotland. Only a handful do, and the blow of Scottish morale is incalculable. The colonists who did return, they were pariahs in their own land. They were now living representations of this amazing plan that went so wrong.

What was meant to be a way to regain some national sense of pride and also financial stability had the exact opposite effect, really set them back even further.

What was meant to be a way to regain some national sense of pride and also financial stability had the exact opposite effect, really set them back even further.

It's really sad. Yeah. Some years later, Patterson was granted a pension, a pretty good pension for the time, but he died a broken man. Despite having done so many astonishing things in his life. The Darien scheme shipwrecked the Scottish economy overall, like people had lost their lives, savings left and right. Scotland was incapable of continuing as an independent nation. You have to wonder was England steepling its fingers the whole time? Was this their endgame? I think so very.

It's really sad. Yeah. Some years later, Patterson was granted a pension, a pretty good pension for the time, but he died a broken man. Despite having done so many astonishing things in his life. The Darien scheme shipwrecked the Scottish economy overall, like people had lost their lives, savings left and right. Scotland was incapable of continuing as an independent nation. You have to wonder was England steepling its fingers the whole time? Was this their endgame? I think so very.

I mean, look, we know that they can be some pretty calculating beat me here, Max, of course, But yeah, I don't know, man, I think it's certainly whether or not it was the ultimate end game.

I mean, look, we know that they can be some pretty calculating beat me here, Max, of course, But yeah, I don't know, man, I think it's certainly whether or not it was the ultimate end game.

They certainly weren't mad about it. That's a good That's very diplomatic, that's a good way to put it. They were at the very least opportunistic because seven years after everything goes terrible in Darien, Scotland is forced to concede to the Active Union to sign the Treaty of Union, becoming the junior partner in the United Kingdom of Great Britain. So they had to take the back seat. As part of the deal, England pays off Scotland's debts. Was something they call the equivalent and I just love that term, you know.

They certainly weren't mad about it. That's a good That's very diplomatic, that's a good way to put it. They were at the very least opportunistic because seven years after everything goes terrible in Darien, Scotland is forced to concede to the Active Union to sign the Treaty of Union, becoming the junior partner in the United Kingdom of Great Britain. So they had to take the back seat. As part of the deal, England pays off Scotland's debts. Was something they call the equivalent and I just love that term, you know.

Very diplomatic in and of itself, right, you should have the equivalentnes indeed.

Very diplomatic in and of itself, right, you should have the equivalentnes indeed.

Yeah. This also led to the establishment of.

Yeah. This also led to the establishment of.

The Royal Bank of Scotland as an entity to administer and you know, distribute and invest this money.

The Royal Bank of Scotland as an entity to administer and you know, distribute and invest this money.

And not to sound too cynical here, but Noel riddled me this. Why do the banks always seem to come out on top? Can't fight city hall? Can't fight city hall. That that is our show for today. That is the true ridiculous story of how Scotland lost its independence due to the Darien scheme. We can't thank you enough for tuning in, fellow ridiculous historians, but here we go. Thank you. We're gonna try. Yeah.

And not to sound too cynical here, but Noel riddled me this. Why do the banks always seem to come out on top? Can't fight city hall? Can't fight city hall. That that is our show for today. That is the true ridiculous story of how Scotland lost its independence due to the Darien scheme. We can't thank you enough for tuning in, fellow ridiculous historians, but here we go. Thank you. We're gonna try. Yeah.

Huge thanks to you ridiculous historians, Yes, you, as well as to super producer Max the Hagis Williams.

Huge thanks to you ridiculous historians, Yes, you, as well as to super producer Max the Hagis Williams.

Yes, I was hoping you would do it all right.

Yes, I was hoping you would do it all right.

Max long Shanks Williams remember that character. He was the big bad in Braveheart. Sorry, I'm coming back to Braveheart, Williams. I kind of think that Scottish people don't like Braveheart because I think there's I think there were some like liberties taken with the.

Max long Shanks Williams remember that character. He was the big bad in Braveheart. Sorry, I'm coming back to Braveheart, Williams. I kind of think that Scottish people don't like Braveheart because I think there's I think there were some like liberties taken with the.

Depiction of that whole Absolutely, I think that's right. Sorry, I keep bringing it. Have you seen have you, guys, ever seen a film made about US history that is not made by people from the US. One of the Patriot he No, he was in it. Gibson was in it. I don't know.

Depiction of that whole Absolutely, I think that's right. Sorry, I keep bringing it. Have you seen have you, guys, ever seen a film made about US history that is not made by people from the US. One of the Patriot he No, he was in it. Gibson was in it. I don't know.

I'm just trying to name another Mel Gibson pe apocalypto.

I'm just trying to name another Mel Gibson pe apocalypto.

Uh. Speaking of segues. Thank you also to Alex Williams who composed this bank and track. Christopher hasiotis Eve's jeffcoat here in spirit. I was our research associate for their work and killer job.

Uh. Speaking of segues. Thank you also to Alex Williams who composed this bank and track. Christopher hasiotis Eve's jeffcoat here in spirit. I was our research associate for their work and killer job.

And also, by the way, you are also as as you always are, the research associate for the stuff they don't want you to know episode about the Darien Gap, which is less about the Scottish aspect and just more about.

And also, by the way, you are also as as you always are, the research associate for the stuff they don't want you to know episode about the Darien Gap, which is less about the Scottish aspect and just more about.

It being kind of this corridor for human trafficking. Yes, do check out our episode there, and thank you for recommending that. No, we've got other people to thank too, like the Rude Dude's a ridiculous crime, big time. And of course now we are going to call it a day because we're going to hop off the mic and have an intense conversation about Haggis. Thanks so much, ah Man, to you as well. We'll see you next time, folks.

It being kind of this corridor for human trafficking. Yes, do check out our episode there, and thank you for recommending that. No, we've got other people to thank too, like the Rude Dude's a ridiculous crime, big time. And of course now we are going to call it a day because we're going to hop off the mic and have an intense conversation about Haggis. Thanks so much, ah Man, to you as well. We'll see you next time, folks.

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