Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs used to treat HIV/Aids occur in South Africa’s rivers, dams and sometimes tap water at alarming levels, researchers at North-West University (NWU) have found. The study, commissioned by the Water Research Commission (WRC), found ARV levels are especially high downstream of wastewater treatment plants, with drugs such as lopinavir and efavirenz often present in levels “far exceeding global norms”. Mbuyiseni Ndlozi is in conversation with Researcher from the NWU Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative , Prof. Suranie Horn and Water expert and Professor in the Centre for Environmental Management at the University of the Free State, Prof. Anthony Turton.