The Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) was a South African grassroots anti-apartheid movement that emerged in the late 1960s, largely due to the banning of the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). The movement, spearheaded by figures like Steve Biko, aimed to foster black pride, self-reliance, and solidarity, ultimately challenging the psychological and physical effects of apartheid. Mbuyiseni Ndlozi is in conversation with Co-founding member of the South African Students' Organisation of the Black Consciousness Movement, Prof. Barney Pityana.