What Beer Drinkers Can Tell Us About China's Economic Woes

Published Mar 21, 2025, 3:30 PM

As nightclubs and karaoke bars go out of business in China, big brewers are changing their game plan.

China's beer lovers are spending less and staying home. By Bloomberg News read by Mark Lee. It's been more than a year since Jason Huang entertained clients at his favorite Shanghai karaoke bars, talking business between raucous turns on the microphone and binge drinking late into the night. Salespeople still need to connect with clients, said Huang, forty two, a manager at an auto parts company in China's largest city. But with business poor and little profit, entertainment now usually ends with a modest dinner. The pullback in corporate hospitality is just another sign of the prolonged slump in consumption that has entangled China's economy in a deflationary spiral. Fancy bars, nightclubs, and high end restaurants across Shanghai and other top tier cities are being forced to close as consumer sentiment fails to recover post pandemic. For big brewers who've counted on such venues to sell premium beers long seen as a key to profit growth, the night life'slown is part of a perfect storm that's also hitting Western markets such as the US and Europe. Increasingly health conscious customers are drinking less, opting for cheaper options, and staying home to save money. All of those factors are prompting a strategy rethink in China. Carlsburg as Heineken Envy, Chintao Brewery Co Ltd and Budweiser Brewing Co APAC Ltd have been betting on top end beer for years after market volume peaked in China in twenty thirteen. The so called premiumization push saw the company's marketing beverages for as much as eighteen yuon or two dollars fifty cents a bottle. The cheapest domestic brands in China, such as Snow and Harbin's Economy offerings, costs as little as four yuon. In a sign of the slowdown, Budweiser APAX outgoing chief executive officer Yawn Craps announced last month that the firm will shift to resources from its super premium segment to sub premium core plus to adapt to current trends, stripping out the industry jargon. That means the company will come down the quality curve a little, with bottles priced at eight to ten yuan. Incoming ceo Yan Joung Cheng will have to navigate a weaker Chinese market. Sales volume slit eleven point eight percent last year, and Budweiser Apac posted a net loss of sixteen million dollars in the fourth quarter. The company plans to cut thousands of jobs to reduce costs, according to people familiar with the matter, who has not to be identified discussing private deliberations, a Budweiser Apac spokesperson denied any plan to cut jobs. China's consumer market, affected by macroeconomic volatility, is overall sluggish. Send Marta Jiang, senior research analyst of food and drink at Mintel, China premium bure as a discretionary item is inevitably impacted. China's night life has never fully recovered from the country's COVID lockdowns, which were among the strictest in the world and eviscerated many businesses in major cities. Downtown Shanghai, bars, restaurants and nightclubs used to pulsate with customers throughout the week, is now significantly quieter. Rubbish is piled at the front door of one former karaoke bar that now stands dark and empty, no longer bathe than a glow of bright yellow neon lights. Jackielu, a booking agent for karaoke bars in Shanghai, said trade has dropped off markedly with much less drinking by business people. I didn't really calculate, but several dozen venues I knew of have shut down in the past two years, he said. In the boom years, customers as such establishments would spend as much as one hundred yuan on a premium Budweiser beer, including the steep markup from the bar owner, with dozens of bottles consumed per room each night. He said. Bud wazzer Apak isn't alone in feeling the impact. China Resources Beer Holdings Co. The largest local beer maker which distributes Heineken in its premium portfolio, has also been hit. Sales volume growth of premium beer and the category just below it slow to single digits in twenty twenty four from a robust eighteen point nine percent in twenty twenty three. Chung Cheng Brewery Co. Controlled by Danish producer Carlsburg, posted a one percent year over year decline in revenue from premium beer in the first nine months of last year. Qingtao also reported declining sales volume from its mid to high priced products, and the first half of twenty twenty four compared with fifteen percent growth in the same period a year earlier. China's government has tried repeatedly to persuade wary customers to open their wallets with stimulus such as home appliance, trade in programs and shopping coupons. In a special action plan published earlier this month, policymakers promised to support the nighttime economy with measures including better transport infrastructure. While there are some signs that sentiment is improving, the slumping property market, which is eaten into household wealth, has largely steinny the much needed bounce back. Other consumer facing businesses, like fast food chains and bottled water producers have slash prices in an attempt to lure back frugal shoppers, but so far, brewers have resisted the race to the bottom. That's partly because people are still drinking at home, a habit foster during pandemic restrictions on social gatherings, and while they may be drinking less, millennials and younger generations are still willing to pay more for better quality beer. Brewers are trying to tap into that shift with a greater focus on what the industry calls the in home channel. China Resources Beer, for example, recently teamed up with why My, a drinks delivery platform. Wang Bo, who lives in Inner Mongolia and works in the tourism industry, says he's cut back on drinking at restaurants with friends, but during movie nights at home, he's going for mid range Chintao and Heineken beers price between eight and twelve yuan rather than switching to the cheapest brands. How much can you drink by yourself? As the thirty six year old who says his favorite brew is Heineken Original due to its refreshing tastes and the aroma of the malt. Guo Qi, who works in the import export industry in eastern Jiangsu Province, also enjoys the comfort of drinking by himself at home and is a fan of Heineken Original. It tastes crisp with the perfect scent of malt and hops, said the forty year old. You won't have a headache even if you're drinking too much of it. Top brewers will likely focus on mid to premium price beers, and the near term, according to Ada Lee, an analyst with Bloomberg Intelligence, but despite weak consumer sentiment, they'll continue the premiumization strategy in the medium term as the middle class grows. She said. Premium beer made up about thirty seven percent of China's market by sales value last year, compared with twenty five percent and twenty fifteen. She said Budweiser, Carlsberg and Heineken held just under fifty percent of that market in twenty twenty three, while domestic brand ching Tau had a mid single digit percentage share. Jiang of Mintel China see steady progress in the premiumization trend. The concept of drinking less by drinking better continue used to gain traction among Chinese consumers. She said that seems to be the case for Huang, whose midnight drinking in karaoke bars is a thing of the past. He now finds comfort and a five hundred millilter can of Hoho Garden, which retails for as little as seven yu want online while eating dinner at home

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