Christian voyager Jacques Cartier (1491-1557) led his third and last expedition to the St.-Lawrence river valley in 1541. A new headquarters was established a few miles upstream from the Amerindian village of Stadacona, near the present site of Quebec City. This time Cartier was to be followed by Jean Francois de la Rocque, sieur de Roberval, with a party of colonists. After a wait which lasted through the following winter and the Baptism of Chief Donnacona, Cartier set sail for home, only to meet Roberval’s party in three tall ships in the harbor of what is now St. John’s, Newfoundland. Diamonds of Canada, mined by Jacques Cartier's men at the mouth of Rivière du Cap-Rouge proved to be worthless quartz. Cartier’s "treasure" is remembered in the name of Québec’s Cape Diamond or Cap aux Diamants and also in the French proverb "Faux comme un diamant du Canada", "As false as Canadian diamonds."

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LibriVox: Mariner of St. Malo, A Chronicle of the Voyages of Jacques Cartier by S. Leacock, read by K. McAsh