Episode 118: A recent article in The Atlantic by Hannah Seo says that our relationships to the Earth and our relationships with each other are deeply intertwined. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss why this might be true and what we can do to help strengthen our ties to the Earth and to each other. About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 117: We are in the middle of Thanksgiving week, which means two things — platters of turkey followed by the start of the hectic holiday shopping season. And although cellphones, televisions and computers are certain to be on many Christmas lists this year, most consumers seem resigned to the fact that these and other costly and complicated gadgets are nearly impossible to repair. There have been a range of laws passed recently — both in the United States and Europe — that give the people who owns these products the right to repair them. Such legislation aims to reduce both e-waste and carbon emissions. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether consumers should have more control over the products they purchase. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Right to repair: An ethical debate that technically concerns you, by Timothy Cook-Berry The right-to-repair movement is just getting started, by Maddie Stone, The Verge About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 116: It’s not very often that a book about philosophy has people talking, but the recent publication of “Determined: A Science of Life Without Free Will” by Robert M. Sapolsky is an exception. The argument made by Sapolsky, a professor of biology of Stanford University, is remarkable simple: none of us are in control or responsible for the decisions we make. This is not, as you might think, because of a higher power — the author considers himself to be an atheist. Instead, he writes that: “The intent you form, the person you are, is the result of all the interactions between biology and environment that came before. All things out of your control.” Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether this is radical idea is a useful way to look at our lives. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Do you have free will? A new book by Robert Sapolsky argues that we’re not in control of or responsible for the decisions we make, by Kieran Setiya, The Atlantic Robert Sapolsky doesn’t believe in free will. (But feel free to disagree.), by Hope Reese, The New York Times About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 115: Last month, Marc Andreessen published a column he titled the “Techno-Optimist Manifesto.” Andreesen, who was the cofounder of Netscape in the 1990s and later became a wealthy investor in numerous tech companies, argues that civilization was built on technology, and that, "Technology is the glory of human ambition and achievement, the spearhead of progress, and the realization of our potential." In part, this was written as a response to much of the hand-wringing going on over the quick introduction of artificial intelligence in many parts of our lives. Although some say a slow and steady approach to AI is the correct path, Andreessen says we should have few guard rails because history shows that the benefits of transformative technology far outweigh any possible worries. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss what we have learned from past scientific advancements and whether the AI revolution presents an entirely new challenge. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: The Techno-Optimist Manifesto, by Marc Andreessen 'Frictionless' experiences remove human touch, Richard Kyte The techno-optimist's fallacy, by Matt Yglesias The Pessimists Archive About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 114: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss why some people are naturally better at connecting with people and what we can learn from them. Later, they review tactics when we encounter rudeness in our everyday lives. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: How to be surprisingly likable, by Jason Feifer 5 stoic tips for handling rude people, by Daily Storic About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 113: Health experts have said for years that excessive noise can lead to serious cardiovascular problems. But unlike other health risks, it’s not a topic that’s widely discussed. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss what can be done to make people think of excessive noise as much more than simply a nuisance? Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Finding a quiet place is tough in our noisy world, Richard Kyte Noise could take years off your life. Here's how. By By Emily Baumgaertner, Jason Kao, Eleanor Lutz, Josephine Sedgwick, Rumsey Taylor, Noah Throop and Josh Williams, The New York Times Can noise cameras reduce ‘potentially fatal’ sound pollution?, by Alaina Demopoulos, The Guardian About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 112: If you’re not already familiar with the term surge pricing, it’s likely you’ll hear a lot more about it soon. Simply put, it’s when businesses identify times when there is a high demand for their products or services — whether an Uber ride or a pint of beer — and raise prices. Anyone who has taken am introductory economics course learns that when supply of something is low and the demand is high, prices will go up. What’s new is that technology lets those changes happen quickly and with little warning to those affected.  Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether there are any ethical pitfalls around this new way of doing business. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Uber, Lyft ripped for surging NYC prices during storm, flooding, by Emily Crane, New York Post The rise of surge pricing: 'It will eventually be everywhere,' by Oliver Barnes, Philip Georgiadis and Laura Onita, Financial Times Giuliani’s drinking, long a fraught subject, has Trump prosecutors’ attention, by Matt Flegenheimer and Maggie Haberman, The New York Times About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 111: Not so long ago, many of our K-12 schools were hoping parents would pay more attention to what was going on in the classroom. Too often, it seemed, parent-teacher conferences were not well attended, PTA groups were struggling and school board elections were all but forgotten about. Recently, however, there has been a major shift in our nation, as the parental-rights movement has caused many adults to become much more involved in what’s taught in our classrooms, has turned board meetings into long discussions about politics and culture, and has led to a record number of attempted book bans and restrictions at school and public libraries. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how big of a role parents should have in making sure their children’s education meets their own personal standards and beliefs. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: What should we be teaching our kids in a polarized world?, by Richard Kyte Book ban attempts hit record high in 2022, library org says, by Hillel Italie, The Associated Press Parents differ sharply by party over what their K-12 children should learn in school, by Juliana Menasce Horowitz, Pew Research Center Legislative tracker: 2023 parent-rights bills in the states, by Bella DiMarco, FutureEd Book bans aren’t the only threat to literature in American classrooms, by Jonna Perrillo and Andrew Newman, Time magazine About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 110: Countless studies have shown that there has been a steep drop in adult friendships over the past decade, and this decline is more serious that it might first sound. Research shows that being lonely can have negative effects on public health, and has been compared to smoking 15 cigarettes a day. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss what's behind this trend and what can be done to reverse it. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: How to find authentic connections in a digital world, by Richard Kyte Americans more than ever have no friends. Here are 5 steps to make more friends, by Elizabeth Gilbert, Big Think How having five friends boosts the adolescent brain — and educational performance, by Barbara Jacquelyn Sahakian and Christine Langley, The Conversation Ditching a friend who is not like you can deepen social inequality, by Mark C. Paschucki and Anthony Palk, The Conversation About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books. Episode transcript Note: The following transcript was created by Headliner and may contain misspellings and other inaccuracies as it was generated automatically: There has been a steep drop in adult friendships over the past decade Scott Rada: Hello, and welcome to episode 110 of The Ethical Life, a place where each week we talk about the intersection of ethics and modern life. I'm Scott Rodda, social media manager for Lee Enterprises. And as always, I'm joined by Rick Kyte, who is the head of the Ethics Institute at the  Viterbo  University in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Hello, Rick. Richard Kyte: Hi, Scott. Scott Rada: Countless studies have shown that there has been a steep drop in adult friendships over the past decade, and this decline is more serious than it might first sound. Research shows that being lonely can have negative effects on public health, and one study even compared it to smoking 15 cigarettes a day. Rick, this trend has been going on for the past ten years or so, but it seems to have been made worse by the isolation required at, the start of the pandemic. How optimistic are you that we can find a way to fix and turn this around? Richard Kyte: My optimism stems from hearing so many people talk now about the importance of social connection. We're finally paying real attention to something that's actually been kind of an ongoing problem. We've tracked a real decline in number of friendships over the last 30 years. We got pretty good data on this. And so you can use something called the Google Ngram viewer to look at word usage from 1800 to the present day. If you compare two words, friend and self, what you find is, like, in 1800, the word friend occurred roughly twice as often as the word self in print. Scott Rada: I have a prediction, but go ahead. Richard Kyte: Today, the word self appears about three times as much as the word friend. Scott Rada: Yeah. Richard Kyte: And they cross paths around 1900. This isn't a new thing, and it seems to be a result of industrialization. As we become more prosperous, we become more independent, but we're at a point now where we're starting to really see the effects of not just loneliness, but all the things that happen. When you have more social fragmentation, you have increased polarization, you have real lack of trust in kind of businesses and government, all kinds of institutions. you have more conspiracy theories. All these things that we're seeing that are kind of, like, at the root of our great social dissatisfaction seem to be due to our loss of friendship. You say the start of the pandemic made people think about isolation more Scott Rada: And I started off by saying that there was obviously a dip in a lot of connectedness at the start of the pandemic, and you also expressed some optimism, saying that people are talking about this more. I wonder if those can maybe be stitched together a little bit is at least for a lot of people. I think the isolation and the disconnectedness people felt, in the worst months of the pandemic really almost made them appreciate more when you could get back out and could reconnect with friends and go on a trip or just be out among people. And do you think that sort of in some ways made people think and talk about this more. The pandemic that is, I know for. Richard Kyte: A fact it made people think and talked about, it more because people were talking about their isolation, they didn't like it, and they were talking about the effects. The problem is it also changed a lot of habits. Yeah, right. And it ended up closing a lot of businesses that were public gathering places. Primary way in which people make friends today is in the workplace Richard Kyte: What comes to our attention is really important, what we talk about, but also our daily habits and kind of what sociologists refer to as social infrastructure. Like, what are the patterns of life that we've developed that allow us to have connections and interaction? And in a way, the pandemic disrupted a lot of these usual patterns. For example, a primary way in which people make friends today is in the workplace. Richard Kyte: We have a lot more people working from home. Yeah. Scott Rada: When you say in the workplace, you mean like in the office or in the factory or in the retail environment where they work, not across zoom phone calls. Richard Kyte: Yeah. People really don't establish meaningful relationships, in that way. Meaningful relationships kind of develop when you share information about yourself. And so, like on a zoom call for work, you're sticking to an agenda. You're not just visiting. Right. But usually find times in the workplace. There's times and places to do that. And so we've done things to our society not really intentionally, but just what has happened that make it harder for us to make social acquaintances. Here's the real problem. We have fewer daily interactions with strangers. Right. So if you think of your life as these circles, there's all these people you don't know, then there's a pretty big circle of acquaintances. People you know, you recognize, you recognize, they recognize you, you know their names, that sort of thing. They're in that acquaintance. Then you have this other area of friends, or kind of loose friends. You spend a little bit of time, you have some things in common, but they aren't really close. Then you have circle of close friends or good friends, and then your best friends. Right. So it's these concentric circles. Or we're changing all the things that allow us to have a lot of people in that acquaintanceship circle, like acquaintances or companions, that sort of thing. That outermost circle of friendship that is shrinking for just about everybody. Scott Rada: And that's sort of the conversion funnel, in some ways, of getting those people from the outer rings into the center ring. Richard Kyte: Right, absolutely. Because the only people that make it into that center ring are the people that you find a lot in common with. So you really want to because you have shared interests or something else. You spend a lot of time and then you kind of get past the shared interest inwards. You're really sharing really kind of intimate information about yourself. You're sharing stories and your history and everything else. We can talk about that later, like how really close friendships develop. But the key thing is you need a lot of people in those outer circles just to find, like, who of all those 100, 200, 300 people, do you really want to do some activities with and spend a little more time with? Scott Rada: In most cases, and I think probably for both of us, when you're young and you're in school, that's really the time, because you're around a bunch of people about your age, and that's where it's really easy to make friends. It's also when friendship becomes maybe the most important thing in your life. Right. Because I don't know of many high school kids who would say their family or their schoolwork is more important than their friend group. I'm sure there's exceptions, but I bet if you surveyed and broke it up into those three chunks, most high schoolers would say their friend group is the most important. Yeah, and I'm not sure that's the right order at that time. And maybe it is and maybe it's not. But we certainly quickly reorder things over the next 510 years of our lives. And I just find that interesting and kind of too bad. Richard Kyte: Like, this is one way in which you can describe friendship. Friendship. I think C. S. Lewis said this. Friends are people who go on a journey together. Like during that time, say, in, say, middle school, high school, and then into college, it's really up. And for most people, up until about age 25, when your life really kind of settles down into some kind of predictable patterns. Scott Rada: Yeah, right. Richard Kyte: You're pretty fluid. That means you're meeting a lot of different people, but you're also going through a transformative period of your life where you're becoming the person who you're going to be. Now, friends are people that go through that with you. That is, your very closest. Friends are people that go through something transformative with you so that you kind of become who you are going to be together. And that's why with old friends, you can pick up the phone with somebody you haven't talked to for a year. And if you've been through those transformative periods of your life with them, you don't have to go through the process of getting reacquainted. Whereas if it's like a high, school classmate that you really didn't spend much time with, and you kind of meet somebody out there, like you meet them at a bar or restaurant or something like that, you have no idea what's going on with their life. And it's like meeting a stranger. You know their name, but you have to get reacquainted. Right. We even have a word for it. Scott Rada: Old friends. Richard Kyte: You don't you know who they are because they're kind of part of you. This period up to about 25, so we find some really interesting things about it. So, like, young people who have a pretty large circle, that outer circle, that acquaintance, they're going to end up probably having more close friends later in life because they had kind of more raw material to drop. Scott Rada: Yeah. Richard Kyte: And also we find some evidence that people who go to college, especially people who go to college and stay in dorms, like that sort of thing, they tend to have more friends later in life because they have a longer period of time where they're in that transitional period of their life where they're making friends. And it's something that we often forget about. What is the purpose of college? It's not just job preparation. It's kind of this process of maturing in life. And so extending that period out building. Scott Rada: Your social fitness in a way. Richard Kyte: Right. that's why I love things that we sometimes talk about. Should we bring back the Civilian Conservation Corps, something like that, from the New Deal, M or what? Like things like, AmeriCorps different projects that you can serve in. These end up being really important, not for the work, only for the work they do, but also for the way in which they develop our relationships well. Scott Rada: And I want to pause on that for a second. And I've never served in the military, but I know people who have. And it seems like that is one place where you can really form those strong bonds, especially when you're young. And it seems like and again, thank goodness we don't have this much at the moment, but people who have served in wartime even build those closer bonds. You hear stories about, Well, I serve. You'll hear 80 year old men talking about somebody they're still in touch with, who they served in Korea with, or wherever it might be. Because those clearly very dangerous and life altering experiences, when you share that with a person or two, that's a connection that really is strong, I would imagine. Richard Kyte: So we call these formative experiences, and the word is a really good one because they form your personality, they form your character. And when you go through a formative experience with somebody else, they form your character together. So Augustine says, like a friend has been called, half my soul. There's something like you kind of share a soul. You share something that's quite deep together because you've been through an experience together. 12% of Americans report having no friends, according to a recent study Scott Rada: And I think it's also worth pointing out, and we'll link to some of these stories on our website, but as we talk about sort of the problems as we see it, a recent study in 2021 said that 12% of Americans report having no friends. That's, compared to just 3%, back in the 1990s. But what stood out for me is that these numbers are even worse for men who tend to have more friends early in life but experience a steeper decline. Do you have a sense as to why that might be? Richard Kyte: I think a lot of it has to do with less, social interaction for men, because I don't think that this is true in all cultures, but in American culture, certainly our history has been, that men are less likely to join social groups and spend, like, what we call sociable time or leisure time with others. They'll spend time especially, like, say, in high school, in organized sports. But there's not that many men who are doing the kind of sports activities, the way that they used to. Scott Rada: Like a softball league, softball league, bowling. Richard Kyte: Golf, those sorts of things. It turns out men are much more likely to make friends in those kinds of active social pursuits. Women are much more likely to form themselves into different kinds of social groups in which most of what they do is talk. Well, it's the talking in which we really get close, where we share things about ourselves and share stories. many men need some kind of like a sporting activity or some other pursuit in order to engage in the talk. Women, just for whatever reason, seem much more able to just get together and start talking right away. Scott Rada: I heard somebody talk about this issue once, and I don't know what their source was. And maybe this was you that said this. I don't remember but saying that there was a study that the best way for women to again, we're generalizing here, but the best way for women to talk and get to know each other is when they're facing each other over coffee or just talking about whatever is going on in their lives, but they're facing each other. For men, it's often side by side activities, whether they're golfing or out for a walk or out for a more active thing. And I guess studies have shown that that is, a better way for men to communicate with other men. And I found that interesting. Richard Kyte: So you certainly see that you see this with especially fathers and sons, have a hard time talking. That's a notoriously fraught relationship between fathers and sons, say, in high school, as the sons are getting more independence. But they can often have a talk when they're driving somewhere in a car where they're side by side. I think with men is face to face is too confrontational. It's competitive. Whereas when you're side by side, you're in a cooperative mode and take some of that competitiveness out of it. By the way, we're sitting face, to face right now. Scott Rada: We are. Although, yeah, maybe we should do a podcast side to side. That would be interesting. Although I guess we've done a couple of zoom ones. And that is a different experience too, I suppose. Richard Kyte: Yeah. But I think we want a little competitiveness here. There we go. Over the years, adults have spent fewer time with their friends Scott Rada: you mentioned the father son thing, and one thing that in some of the reading, I did for the show that really jumped out at me talking about these trends where over the years, adults spend fewer time with their friends. And there's lots of reasons, sometimes because of work demands, sometimes demands around the house. But what really jumped out at me is that adults parents spend much, much more time with their kids than they did just a few generations ago. And again, as I've talked on the show, I don't have children. But just from the people I know and just from observing out in the world, that just seems true to me, that you see kids with their parents so much more. Is that a good thing in that it makes those relationships stronger? And if it's at the cost of other friendships, then so be it. Or is that maybe not a great thing? Because you're sort of stifling your own growth because the kids won't be in the house forever, and also, you're not letting the kids sort of figure out who they are, away from the watchful gaze of a parent. Richard Kyte: Yeah, I think it's not good for all those reasons. We know that there's been a real decline, especially for young kids, in unstructured playtime, and they really need that. That's really good for them. And we're not giving them enough of it in our culture because the parents are too involved in structuring their time and oftentimes being with them and supervising, and then it's not good for the adults. Because what happens is this is a pretty common phenomenon at the time when kids social life is increasing. They get old enough, they're going out and doing more things. The parents who are, like, spending a lot of time with those kids have to give up their own friend relationships. It turns out, like a lot of parents of middle school and high school kids, most of their adult social interaction is with parents of other kids the same age. At sporting events or clubs or wherever it happens to be, that's who they're hanging out with. Then their kids go off, they graduate, they go off somewhere, and they've got no friendship circle. They're alone with each other. Right. so that's a really common phenomenon. That wasn't such a common thing. Like, when I grew up, my parents, they had their own friends, and they might interact a little bit with the parents of my friends, but they weren't in their social circle. And now you were finding adults completely change their social circle after they have kids, and then when their kids are. Scott Rada: Gone one other piece I read that said and obviously we kind of painted a little bit of a dire scenario here, but it's not at all true to say that people don't have friends. Most adults do have friends, and maybe not as many as they'd like. Richard Kyte: But in 1990, the same survey you quoted, 33% of adults reported having ten or more friends, ten or more good friends in 1990. And today, I think the number is 13%. Scott Rada: Yeah. So it's dropped significantly. Richard Kyte: Significantly. Scott Rada: But I guess the question, though, is that I read somewhere that said there is a benefit to when you have friends to make sure they're not all like you, that they may come from different backgrounds, may come from different socioeconomic parts of your community who may have a bunch of kids and you have no kids or whatever the case might be. And I think it is easy, just like you said, to sort of, find people around you who you have things in common with. And you even said earlier that you sort of have this when you were talking about the circles, a group, an outside group of people, and you sort of maybe identify folks you have something in common with, and you have some common, interests, and they sort of march their way toward the center of that circle. Richard Kyte: Is. Scott Rada: It good, though, sometimes to try to and maybe this is too intentional, but to try to identify people who are in that outer circle but you think might add a different or interesting perspective to your life than you may not have otherwise. And to try to, even though it might take a little more, build a, connection there. Richard Kyte: If you joined some groups of, people that are involved in different kinds of activities, I'm talking, like, oftentimes churches, service organizations, like the Big Three, Rotary, Kiwanis and Lions, bowling leagues, right? any kind of groups in which you have large numbers of people participating, then spending time together, you are going to meet people very different from yourself and people with very different backgrounds, very different interests. This is the important thing about joining something, is that when you join, you spend repeated time, sometimes over a period of years, with people, and you get to know them beyond the superficiality, which makes you think, like, yeah, I don't really have much in common with this person. I'm not going to pursue that kind of relationship. But if you join a group where you're sitting down or you're engaged in activities with a group of people every week, for, say, a couple of years, two or three years, you're going to slowly realize that there are people that you really like, that you share some deeper connection with beyond kind of the superficial differences. And if you hadn't spent those years with them, you would have never discovered that. And this is, in some ways, the real key to friendship. It's not so much like what it brings to you. So I've been researching friendship quite a bit for this book that I'm writing on Third Places, because I think this is the main function of third places in communities is, they are where we meet people different from ourselves that we're introduced to them. So then we form deeper relationships. And when we form these different relationships with people quite different from different economic backgrounds, different cultural backgrounds, different political kind of, alliances or sympathies. We start to feel like actually, it seems like I'm living in a world with all these people, all these strangers, all these people are very different, but it's just that I haven't spent enough time with them. I could potentially become friends with anybody. And the 18th and 19th, century Scottish philosophers like Adam Smith, David Hume, Francis Hutchison, they talked a lot about sympathy as being the grounding of, ethics, also the grounding of politics like sympathy. The other word they used for it was fellow feeling, from which we get the word fellowship. Right. It's spending time with others, you find that you're able to take kind of imaginatively experience, what the other people do, what they experience, what they're going through, and that becomes really lively in your mind. And so that you are literally pained when something bad happens to a friend. Right. Even just hearing bad news about something that happened to a friend, you will feel pain as a result, or joy. Scott Rada: If something good happens. Richard Kyte: Joy if something good happens. You don't have to see them experiencing that emotion to have that emotion yourself, because you have what they called fellow feeling. When you have this within a whole community or within a nation that we share something like fellow feeling, that is the basis to be able to collaborate, to work together. And right now, our politics is just contaminated by the idea that we define ourself by our differences. And there's no way to move together to any sort of, agreement or compromise any understanding of working towards the common good. But if we have a sense that, yeah, not only do we have something in common, we actually feel what we have in common together, and that's deeper than our superficial, then then we're going to have a really healthy democracy. Replika allows customers to custom design their own virtual companion Scott Rada: Rick, I know this is an issue like you mentioned you're writing quite a bit about, and you were doing some research over the past few days, and it led you down kind of a strange path. Maybe you could tell folks about that a bit. Richard Kyte: I came across a website called Replika, which, is a, site that uses AI or artificial intelligence to allow customers to custom design their own virtual companion, and give it all kinds of characteristics exactly what they would imagine a good companion would be. And so, inevitably, what people do, they design somebody who is happy and helpful and pleased to talk to them. Available 24 hours a day whenever they need somebody to listen, who is never disagreeable, never puts their own demands and their own interests upon the person. Right. I was amazed to find how many testimonials there are, in some ways, got a really moving testimonials of how great it's been to create this kind of virtual dream companion that people have. And I find it really kind of eerie. Scott Rada: I think I know the answer, but I'll, of course, ask because so. Richard Kyte: I think what's happening is we're using AI to create something that wasn't possible before without AI, because, like with Chat GPT, we can create these bots, these chat bots that simulate real people. So well, you can't really tell the difference, like when you're texting with one of these chat bots in real person. And so they're taking advantage of that technology to really fool us. So people develop these real, quite profound, deep, sincere emotional connections with these chat bots. Right. They name them. There's even a report that was in the Daily Mail of a woman who married the chat bot that she created after falling in love with it over a period of a couple of years. Right. And I don't think it's a joke. I think that was really sincere. And what she said in one of the interviews is, well, I love this person that she created. He doesn't come with any baggage. Right? Well, people come with baggage. Scott Rada: Okay, well, but isn't that the problem in a way? Because you just got done saying it sounds like when you kind of create this character and I'm guessing again, I've not done this, but I'm guessing you can say, I want this person to be kind, or I want this person to be intelligent or witty or whatever these things is. I mean, unless you're just doing it as sort of a joke, you're not going to go and say, I want to create some dumb, racist idiot who, says inappropriate things all the time. I mean, nobody's going to do that. And not that we'd want to be friends with someone who is, but at the same time, none of our friends, no matter how close and good they are, are perfect people. And in some ways, dealing with those people's imperfections is part of what being like human is all about. And isn't that sort of also part of the problem here is that you're creating this idealized character that might even make it more difficult than to go into the real world and encounter people who are far, far from perfect because of how much time you've spent with someone who is just the way you'd like him or her to be. Richard Kyte: yeah, that's it exactly. And when we're talking about the real world being full of these imperfect people that we wouldn't really choose to be friends with, well, we're one of them. Yeah. Right. And the real benefit of friendship is, I find, like, none of these websites talk about this in a way disturbingly. Very few of the articles that I've been reading that are in the popular press and that you can find on various websites that talk about the benefits of friends and all the, like, how to make friends. They never talk about. What I think is the most important part about it is that they make demands upon us. we become useful to somebody. We become meaningful to another person. And this is really the key to loneliness, is not just that we're alone. It's that we feel that nobody needs us, right? And so who needs us? Only imperfect people. Perfect people don't need us. The gods don't need us. It's like imperfect human beings that need a friend. And that's why I need friends, because I'm imperfect, too. And it's the mutuality of friendship that takes us out of a, very kind of narrow conception of the self. So if I could have said, like, at age 22, this is my ideal life, this is the kind of person I want to be and all of that, I would be a much more kind of shallow, superficial, impoverished person than I am today. Scott Rada: Probably richer, maybe. Richard Kyte: Yeah. Right. Yeah. But I wouldn't, because all the people I've met in my life have changed who I am. and they've kind of, in some ways, forced me to grow. And this is what, like George McDonald says, it's the love of neighbor that takes us out of the dungeon of the right, because the self is a dungeon. Websites like Replika and Project December and some of these others, what they do is create a really attractive dungeon, and then we pay them to be able to go into it and to furnish it their dungeon the way we want it. But we're still entering a dungeon. That virtual companion that doesn't help me grow, doesn't get me out of myself, out of the narrow self that I am, into something larger. We end each show by tackling an ethical dilemma Scott Rada: We end each show by tackling an ethical dilemma. And Rick, what is your question for me? Richard Kyte: Well, Scott, let's say that you have your eye on a motorcycle. It's not a brand new one, but it's a late model motorcycle. It's going to cost you a little money. you know that your partner is not going to be very keen on this idea. For one thing, it's going to be kind of dangerous. The other thing is, it's a real big expense. And generally in the past, you and your partner have always talked over big expenses together. But you're worried if you bring up that you want to take out a loan to buy this motorcycle, which is something you really want to do, it's just going to cause an argument. but it's your money. You and your partner, you both have your own jobs. You keep separate checking accounts. And so what do you do in a case like this? Do you just go ahead and buy the motorcycle and then realize, okay, there might be some hurt feelings, but you'll get over it? And that's a lot easier than creating a big argument to begin with and then going ahead and buying the motorcycle anyway. Scott Rada: So a couple of things. I'll try to answer this dilemma as best I'm able, but, I will admit and. I think this is probably because I spent a long time working in newspaper newsrooms and reading about motorcycle crashes so often. But I would never want to get a motorcycle because I personally view them as extremely dangerous. And, I think I have probably spent in my life 2 hours on a motorcycle, and that might be the last 2 hours I ever spent on a motorcycle is my guess. So it's hard for me to exactly fit into this scenario. And also, you bring up a point, too, is that buying a motorcycle is in this case, a financial decision. But it's also like the risky part of this too, right? Because you are it's more dangerous than going out and spending that same money and buying a piece of fine art that hangs on your wall, which has virtually no risk. But to, put myself in that position, I think there's two things from everything I've read, that couples argue about the most, and it's either kids or money. I'm lucky, and I guess Travis and I are lucky that, first of all, we don't have kids, so it's hard to argue about that. But we don't really argue about money. We were pretty good about that. And I think part of it is because we do obviously have some shared expenses, but we do, have some autonomy for each other to sort of spend money how we're able. And luckily, we're in a position where not every nickel we scrape together has to go to a bill or the house payment or something like that. So maybe here's the closest to a real life situation, as we've talked about on the show, that, I'm a big baseball fan. And, as we're recording this, we're just days away from the baseball playoffs starting. And I sort of made the decision and I had enough flexibility with work that I'm going to take much of a week off and go to Minneapolis and watch the Twins hopefully win a, playoff game, which they haven't done since I think, like 22,002 or something awful like that. Richard Kyte: So you're planning to go to multiple games in the multiple games? Win one, yeah, hopefully they'll win one. Scott Rada: And obviously there's an expense involved in that, not only for the tickets, which are more busier playoffs, but you have to get lodging and all that. And we talked it over and I said I told him how much it was. And it's like, hey. And he's like, yeah, that's your thing. Richard Kyte: Unluckily. Scott Rada: I don't have tons of expensive Hobies, so it's fine. And I'm actually to go to our conversation, or our topic earlier in the episode, I'm actually going to the game with a friend of mine from high school. And we went to dozens of games back when we were in high school. And we have reconnected and have gone to a handful of games since. Richard Kyte: So let me interrupt. Would it be different if you were thinking, I'm going to go to Las Vegas and gamble for a week, would that be a different kind of, mean? Scott Rada: I guess it know, unless you're going to spend the whole thing on the penny. Mean yeah, I think that probably so. But again, I think what your question is about is how much autonomy should financial autonomy should people have in their private relationships and how should you talk about it? How should you talk about it? Yeah, I think you talk about it in advance. And I think if I were to suddenly decide that a motorcycle, was the best thing for me, that I would try to make my case. But I think we'd make that decision together not only for the money part, but also for the other part. So I think yeah, but I guess I come at this with sort of a, bias, because I don't necessarily have a problem talking about these sort of things. So, to me, this would be an easy conversation to have, because maybe this is going to sound ridiculous, but I've really never come across something like this where it has been a, huge, significant purchase that I want to make that I know is going to be, unpopular. But if that were to come up, obviously, I think what's the old saw is easier to ask for forgiveness than permission. In this case, probably is not a good way to go. Richard Kyte: Yeah, I think that's probably right. When my wife and I were much younger and money was much tighter, even small purchases, sometimes we had to really talk them over because, we had to pool everything just to make ends meet, those conversations. We had to make sure that we had every conversation right to maintain our relationship really well. Now, as we're older and the kids are gone and so forth, I find that we have a little more autonomy. But the big purchases, still need to be discussed. Scott Rada: Yeah, there's been studies on every single thing in this world. So I'm sure there's been a study on this, but I would be curious to know. My guess, it probably tracks a little bit by age and generation, but in married couples, how many of them have separate bank accounts? And it's like, I remember I'm thinking of my grandparents. Not only did they have just but one bank account, my grandmother signed her checks, Mrs. And then my grandfather's name. I mean, that was just that generation. And I think certainly there's not many 25 year old women signing their checks mrs and then their husband's name, that's sort of gone out of favor. And that's probably a good thing. But I think there is more autonomy when it comes to finances. Again, assuming that, again, not every nickel has to go to meet your basic needs. And I don't know, I sense that that's generally probably a good thing. But yeah, you don't want to show unless you're just ridiculously wealthy, showing up and saying, oh, I bought a new car, I hope that's okay. Or I bought a new motorcycle or a boat or whatever it might be. That seems to not show a lot of respect. Richard Kyte: You mentioned boats. this was a running joke. In our house, we at one point had lots of boats, like most of old junkie boats. Right. Small like that became an issue one time when a friend gave me an old canoe and then I show up with yet another boat and put it inside the house. Scott Rada: But that's a storage issue at some point. Richard Kyte: Actually, it was much more of a storage issue than an expense issue because. Scott Rada: I think I've been in your garage. You don't have a lot of high end boats. Richard Kyte: None. Yeah, so this only came up because I was at a yard sale recently and this guy had this motorcycle for sale. it was about a 20 year old bike, but it had really low miles. It was in great shape. I was thinking, oh, that'd be really cool. I really have no serious interest in buying motorcycle. And for one is the accident rate is just too high. And I think that would put a strain on a relationship, like starting a hobby. That was really it just, it went through my head, like, what would that conversation be like saying, hey, Cindy, here's what I'm thinking. And I was thinking like, that would be a tough. Scott Rada: So I'm just curious. I think I can probably count the number of times I've been on a motorcycle on one hand. And it probably is like a total of 2 hours. How about for you? Richard Kyte: Yeah, probably. So when I was in high school, dirt bikes. That's not like street bikes. Very only twice that I can remember. And they were like, once on our friends and once on our relatives. and a long time ago. I ridden a motorcycle for decades. Scott Rada: Yeah, sort of the same here. and I think at least for me, it's going to be, like I said, a long time till I rhyme. What? Again? Richard Kyte: I'm pretty sure I'm going to die of something else. Scott Rada: Well, hopefully that's a long time from now. And assuming it is a long time from now, we have a whole lot more podcasts to record. Richard Kyte: How many more do we have to record? Scott Rada: Oh gosh, I would feel really awkward starting the show. Scott Rada: Welcome to episode 4367 of The Ethical Life. That would be a lot to say, so we'll stop before that. Richard Kyte: Okay. Scott Rada: Somewhere between 111 and 4367. Richard Kyte: Yeah. Okay. Scott Rada: So there's a lot more to come. So make sure, good listener, that you subscribe to The Ethical Life on Apple podcasts, Google podcasts, or Spotify. And be sure to check out Rick's column about ethics. And that can be found on all Lee newspaper websites. For Rick Kite. I am Scott Rata. Thank you for joining us.

Episode 109: A competitive race for a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates has been in the spotlight since it was revealed that the Democratic candidate, Susanna Gibson, had streamed sex acts with her husband. As first reported by The Washington Post, the couple appeared on the website Chaturbate, on which they urged viewers to give the couple “tips” to perform certain crowd-sourced requests. Gibson, whose full-time job is working as a nurse practitioner, said the exposure of the content is “an illegal invasion of my privacy and designed to humiliate me and my family.” Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether this was a legitimate news story, whether the issue should matter to voters and how whether it showed poor judgment by the candidate.  About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 108: Earlier this month, ESPN reported that 11,000 runners were disqualified after they were found to have cut at least part of the 26.2-mile course at a marathon in Mexico City. They weren’t running for big cash prizes, but that didn’t stop about a third of runners from cheating. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada examine what motivates people to be dishonest, whether in sports, in the classroom or when paying their taxes. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: 11,000 runners DQ'd from Mexico City Marathon, per report, by ESPN Going the distance (and beyond) to catch marathon cheaters, by Gordy Megroz, Wired Magazine About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 107: A recent study looked at what the best places to live in America have in common. It found that people seem to thrive when inequality is low; when landownership is widespread; when social connection is high; and when corruption and violence are rare. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about which steps can be taken to boost the social connectivity of our cities and towns, and why rural areas often face the biggest challenges. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: What the best places in America have in common, by Kathryn J. Edin, H. Luke Shaefer, and Timothy J. Nelson, The Atlantic Disinvestment in rural Kentucky leaves ‘nothing to do’ but drugs, by Liv Mann, University of Michigan Third places help communities thrive, by Richard Kyte About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis. His forthcoming book, "Finding Your Third Place," will be published by Fulcrum Books.

Episode 106: Across our nation, millions of students are heading back to colleges and universities, but there is plenty of disagreement about whether those degrees will help prepare young people for the work force. Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how different generations view the workplace and what responsibilities schools have in preparing students for the future. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: No wonder work ethic is waning. Colleges leave students unprepared. by Mitch Daniels, The Washington Post 3 in 4 managers find it difficult to work with GenZ, Resume Builder About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 105: We talk a lot about diversity in this country, and while many Americans seem to like the idea of having a country that is welcoming, most of us still choose to spend most our time with people who are a lot like ourselves. And this is especially apparent when it comes to class. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss why far too many people are comfortable in discriminating against people who have fewer economic advantages. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Where do socioeconomic classes mix? Not church, but Chili’s, by Catherine Rampell, The Washington Post Barbara Kingsolver thinks urban liberals have it all wrong on Appalachia, The Ezra Klein Show podcast About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 104: In a country that today seems to put less of a value on reverence and tradition, hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada debate whether the Pledge of Allegiance remains an effective way to express the best values of being an American. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Here's why we should say the Pledge of Allegiance, by Richard Kyte Is the Pledge of Allegiance just an empty, performative ritual? by Nicholas Goldberg, Los Angeles Times Here is a breakdown of laws in 47 states that require reciting the Pledge of Allegiance, by Brad Dress, The Hill About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 103: You don’t have to look far to see the ravages of climate change. In recent weeks, one of the deadliest wildfires in U.S. history killed scores of people in Hawaii, and July was the hottest month ever recorded. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about how we must do two things at once — try to somehow slow the warming while also being better prepared for the effects still to come. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: The clean energy future is arriving faster than you think, by David Gelles, Brad Plumer, Jim Tankersley and Jack Ewing, The New York Times Young environmental activists prevail in first-of-its-kind climate change trial in Montana, by Matthew Brown and Amy Beth Hanson, The Associated Press How climate change could cause a home insurance meltdown, by Michael Copley, Rebecca Hersher and Nathan Rott, National Public Radio About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 102: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada are off this week, so we looked back though our show archives and are sharing four of our favorite ethical dilemmas from the past year. Topics include in-flight etiquette, youth sports and when is the right time to call the police? About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Artificial intelligence and how we deploy it is likely the top ethical dilemma the world is facing, and recent actor and writers strikes in Hollywood have put the issue in a bright spotlight. Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how worried we should be about computers taking over more of what we watch and read, and whether live performances and sports will benefit. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: The Robot Did It: The biggest twist in the new mystery story “written” by artificial intelligence? It’s pretty good!, by Laura Miller, Slate About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 100: There are debates happening in all parts of our country about homelessness, and according to the National Alliance to End Homelessness, things have been getting worse. Since 2017, homelessness has risen by 6 percent nationwide, and although nearly everyone wants to reverse this trend, there is little agreement about how to accomplish that. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss the causes that got us to this point, along with the policies that might help us reduce this trend. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Here's why we should choose compassion over callousness, by Richard Kyte The root cause of the homelessness crisis, by Jerusalem Demsas, The Atlantic The ethical dilemmas behind plans for involuntary treatment to target homelessness, mental illness and addiction, by Katherine Drabiak, The Conversation About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 99: We often hear people talk about the past in glowing ways. The people of the past, many think, behaved better, were more trustworthy and had a better set of ethical standards. But you don’t have to look too closely at our history to see that past generations were much less welcoming of people who were different than them — often in pretty horrific ways. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss this disconnect between what we think about the past and what the past was really like. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Your brain has tricked you Into thinking everything is worse, by Adam Mastroianni, The New York Times Why it's harder for families to 'thrive,' by Matthew Yglesias, Slow Boring About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 98: There has been more talk recently about the importance of third places. For those who are unfamiliar, the term was coined by author Ray Oldenburg in his book “The Great Good Place.” First places, he writes, are where we live, and second places are where we work. The third place is somewhere where we want to be — and it’s often a place where we connect with others in the community.  Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about why such places are so important and what can be done to make them more common. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Healthy communities require more public spaces, by Richard Kyte A record share of Americans is living alone, by Daniel de Visé, The Hill About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 97: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada are off this week, so we looked back though our show archives and are sharing four of our favorite ethical dilemmas from the past year. Topics include local politics, DNA tests and gender identity.  About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 96: If you follow local government, whether in big cities or small towns, you’ll undoubtably hear debates about parking. There is often little agreement about how to pay for parking, how much to require and where to put it. The recent book by Henry Graber, “Paved Paradise: How Parking Explains the World,” is taking a critical look at our country’s obsession with parking. The hosts discuss why such policies can hurt cities and often cause a lack of affordable housing. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: America has eight parking spaces for every car. Here’s how cities are rethinking that land, by Daniel Baldwin Hess and Jeffrey Rehler, Fast Company Why the U.S. builds more three-car garages than one-bedroom apartments, by Connor Donevan, Christopher Intagliata and Juana Summers, National Public Radio About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 95: As we prepare to celebrate our nation’s 245th birthday, many Americans seem to have a distorted view of what it means to be patriotic or don’t consider themselves to be patriotic at all. When asked, many people — of all political persuasions — say we’re doing so many things wrong in this country, we don’t have a reason to celebrate. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about why patriotism is important and what steps we can take to bring back this important virtue. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Our divided nation puts patriotism in peril, by Richard Kyte The necessity of patriotism (even in times like these), by David Brooks, The New York Times How Americans view the American flag, and other symbolic flags, in 2022, Linley Sanders, YouGov About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 94: Diversity, equity and inclusion efforts have exploded on the scene in the past few years. After the 2020 killing of George Floyd at the hands of Minneapolis police officers, many companies and organizations decided it was time — perhaps past time — to confront racism and inequality head on. This led to the creation of an entire industry, which critics have called the DEI Industrial Complex. A recent article in The Atlantic by Conor Friedersdorf titled “The DEI industry needs to check its privilege,” examines the time and expense many organizations have devoted to this topic, which some say are at best useless and at worst counterproductive. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss the opportunities and pitfalls with DEI training in public and private workplaces.

Episode 93: Someone in the world develops dementia every 3 seconds. There are over 55 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2020. This number will almost double every 20 years, reaching 78 million in 2030 and 139 million in 2050. These statistics from Alzheimer’s Disease International are sobering, but few of us think much about how we can reduce our risk. A recent study shows that being socially active in mid to late life can cut the risk of dementia by as much as 30 to 50 percent. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss what can be done with public policy and in our own lives to attempt to thwart this costly disease. Richard Kyte: Social connections could be key to defying dementia About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 92: The performers we see on stage, in film and on television are much more diverse than they were just a few decades ago. But this welcome change doesn’t mean there aren’t still many questions about casting choices. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss the ethics behind casting choices and whether color-blind casting makes sense when staging a performance. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Our theater is fighting about diversity. Who is right?, by Kwame Anthony Appiah, The New York Times Magazine Is color-blind casting In Regency-Era romances really progressive? Or just delusional?, by Nylah Burton, Refinery29 Suranne Jones shares her verdict on straight actors playing gay characters, by Tom Murray, The Independent About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 91: Nearly everyone, it seems, has a smartphone with them at all times.  It’s hard to overstate how truly incredible it is that we can carry around nearly all of the world’s knowledge in our pockets, but we shouldn’t be surprised that such devices can lead to distraction and sometimes addiction. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether our lives are actually better today because of the invention and pervasiveness of smartphones? Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Cellphones are creating a generation of disengaged youth, by Richard Kyte Surgeon general warns against social media use for children, calls for 'immediate action to protect kids now', by Barbara Ortutay, The Associated Press Garth Brooks has a no-phone policy at his new Vegas show, by Scripps News Young Dillon Reeves stepped in to save the day when his school bus driver became incapacitated following a medical emergency, Steve Hartman, CBS News About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 90: If you aren’t sure that nearly everything has become political, let’s talk for a moment about our yards. It used to be that some homeowners paid great attention to having a perfectly manicured lawn, while others took a much more casual approach. But — pardon the pun — a growing trend across many cities is No Mow May, an initiative that encourages people to leave their lawns untouched so pollinators and other small critters can flourish. And those homeowners who have perfectly green and weed-free lawns now get the side-eye from many people who are worried about the environmental impact of perfectly manicured grass. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether this new trend is helpful or simply another thing to pull people apart. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Lawn wars consume America's neighborhoods, by Jennifer A. Kingson, Axios Gas-powered lawn care meets sharp blade of state, local laws, Ramsey Touchberry, The Washington Times What is the anti-lawn movement? Expert opinions and how you can join in with the change, Chiana Dickson, Home & Gardens About the hosts:Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 89: It’s summertime, and for many families, that means it’s time to plan a vacation. But there are two important variables — where to go and how much to spend. From budget roadtrips across Montana to costly trips to Walt Disney World, Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss why some getaways are worth the money. They also share some of their all-time favorite destinations.  Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Family vacations can help build generational virtue, by Richard Kyte 21 best family vacations in the USA, by Nicola Wood, U.S. News and World Report Down the Rabbit Hole: 18% of Disney Goers Have Racked Up Debt, But Most Have No Regrets, by Maggie Davis, Lending Tree Parents choose vacations over saving for kid's college, by Elaheh Zozari, LearnVest Frazee Turkey Days event page About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 88: A recent column by Charles Fain Lehman says our criminal justice system should do more to make us safe. He says we should increase spending for more police officers, a more efficient court system and better prisons would make us safer.  Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss which tactics prevent crimes from happening in the first place and whether the punishments we use properly deter criminals. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Controversy in California: Should Crime be Punished, by Josh Barro Stalled justice: Yearslong delays in Cook County murder cases break rules, gouge taxpayers, Chicago Tribune Mayor Muriel Bowser budget proposal calls for repurposing camera ticket money, new task force to look at equity in fines, by Jordan Pascale, WAMU What broken windows theory can teach us now, Henry Grabar, Slate About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 87: Americans have a distinct set of values that differs from citizens of most if not all other countries. But for those of us who have lived here all of our lives, we probably don’t think enough about those differences. The University of Portland put together a list it calls American Values and Assumptions. The information for the list was adapted from Gary Althen's book “American Ways: A Guide for Foreigners in the United States.” For today’s show, we’re going to take the list of seven values and see how they contribute — in both positive and negative ways — to the American experience. About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 86: In both sports and politics, we have winners and we have losers. What we don’t always have are gracious winners and losers. There were two recent examples. There was much debate about the interaction between star basketball players Angel Reese and Caitlin Clark during the NCAA women’s championship. And after he lost by 11 points in the most expensive state supreme court race in U.S. history, Dan Kelley called his opponent a "serial liar" and her campaign "beneath contempt.” Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss the importance of good sportsmanship and why, unlike in politics, sports almost always rewards the people with the most skill. Champion LSU women accepting Biden invitation to White House, by The Associated Press Meet the young Dodgers fan who dreams of being an MLB umpire one day, Melissa Lockard, The Athletic About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 85: Last week, ProPublica reported that Justice Clarence Thomas has for more than two decades accepted luxury trips from Republican mega donor Harlan Crow.  The day after the report, Thomas described Crow and his wife, Kathy, as "among our dearest friends," and said in a statement that he was advised by colleagues that "this sort of personal hospitality from close personal friends, who did not have business before the Court, was not reportable." Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how this news further erodes the trust many Americans have with the highest levels of government and what steps can be taken to help solve this crisis of confidence. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Here's why the Supreme Court must adopt clear ethical guidelines, by Richard Kyte Clarence Thomas’ billionaire buddy has a vast collection of Hitler paintings, Nazi memorabilia, by Daniel Kreps, Rolling Stone No. 300! Arenado joins milestone homer club, by John Denton, MLB About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 84: What first looked like a pandemic blip for our nation’s colleges has turned into a crisis. According to a recent story by Collin Binkley of The Associated Press, undergraduate college enrollment dropped 8% from 2019 to 2022, with declines even after returning to in-person classes. In fact, the enrollment drop rate since 2018 is the steepest on record. Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss which students are a good fit for higher education and why an increasing number are looking at other options after high school. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Valparaiso intends to sell Georgia O’Keeffe painting to fix dorms, by Kalia Richardson, The New York Times Is college worth it? Voters are split, by Monica Potts, FiveThirtyEight About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 83: At its core, "woke" is a term that refers to being aware of social injustices and inequalities, particularly related to gender, race and ethnicity. The word originated in African American Vernacular English in the 1940s, but it gained renewed popularity in the 2010s as a term used to describe a heightened awareness and understanding of systemic racism and social justice issues. However, the term has also become a source of controversy and debate, with some criticizing it for being overused and losing its original meaning, while others embrace it as a powerful tool for promoting social change. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how this movement has affected society and how our focus on the culture wars often drowns out more important issues facing Americans. About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 82: It was at this time three years ago when all of us learned a lot more about pandemics. As the coronavirus surged across the world, many felt overwhelmed with the avalanche of information about the virus. Each day, news reports showed an escalation of cases and more deaths. We know a lot more about COVID today. And because of vaccines and previous infections, most people are much better protected. Although it can still be a deadly disease, it’s no longer affecting how most of us live our lives. Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss the effectiveness of the messaging in the early days of the pandemic, why COVID further divided people and how leadership matters in times of a crisis. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Pandemic 3 years later: Has the COVID-19 virus won?, by Carla K. Johnson, The Associated Press A quarter of Americans distrust CDC recommendations, survey finds, Alexander Tin, CBS News Coronavirus origins still a mystery 3 years into pandemic, by Laura Ungar and Mary Clare Jalonick, The Associated Press Study: Parents admit to lying about child’s COVID status, by Angie Leventis, The Chicago Tribune About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 81: If, as some people believe, there has never been a better time to be living in America, why do so many people — especially young people — feel so depressed about their lives and their futures. Hosts Rick Kyte and Scott Rada discuss this dichotomy and how catastrophizing plays a role in the lack of optimism many people feel about their lives. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Confident adults were likely accepted, loved as children, Rick Kyte Why are young liberals so depressed?, by Matt Yglesias, Slow Boring We’re missing a key driver of teen anxiety, by Derek Thompson, The Atlantic About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 80: America is aging, and that is putting the spotlight again on how much we spend on Medicare and Social Security, two popular programs that are not in great fiscal shape.  Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss possible fixes, along with what actually seems to be stopping us from addressing this problem. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: 7 changes Americans are willing to make to fix Social Security — including one with "overwhelming bipartisan support," by Lorie Konish, CNBC 5 fixes that could help save Medicare, by Jackie Stewart, Kiplinger About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 79: Artificial intelligence has been one of the most talked about topics so far this year — and with good reason. In just the past two months, there has been a flood of news stories talking about the amazing possibilities of this new technology, along with plenty of worries about what this all could mean. ChatGPT is at the center of this debate. This software, which was launched in November, is a natural language processing tool that can answer questions, write essays or even construct computer code. AI has raised plenty of questions about ethics, and it seemed like an overwhelming topic for this podcast. So we deiced to ask ChatGPT this question: "I am looking for topics for an upcoming podcast about ethics and AI. What topics should I cover?" In seconds it provided a list of topics. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada take a critical look at the many ethical questions raised by AI, and whether the world is ready for this huge technological shift. Read more:Richard Kyte: Here are the ethical questions would should be asking about AI About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 78: About 1 in 5 U.S. adults say they have personally bet money on sports in the past 12 months, and the changes in many states to loosen marijuana regulations have proved popular. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss these changes and how the four classical virtues —prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance — seem to be at risk. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: America has gone too far in legalizing vice, by Matthew Loftus, The Atlantic As more states legalize the practice, 19% of U.S. adults say they have bet money on sports in the past year, by John Gramlich, Pew Research Weed legalization supported by most U.S. voters, Morgan Paxhia, Kiplinger About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 77: Law enforcement officers and teachers are at the center of some of our country’s biggest political and policy debates. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss whether how the political polarization around these two professions is harmful and makes recruitment and retention of people in these fields difficult. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Nurses retain top ethics rating in U.S., but below 2020 high, by Megan Brenan, Gallup Poll finds confidence in police practices drops to a new low, Gary Langer, ABC News Record-high 56% in U.S. perceive local crime has increased, by Megan Brenan, Gallup ‘A recipe for disaster.’ Deadly encounter in Memphis comes at a critical time in American policing, by Ray Sanchez, CNN Education issues vault to top of the GOP's presidential race, Trip Gabriel, The New York Times Organs in exchange for freedom? Bill raises ethical concerns, by Steve LeBlanc, The Associated Press About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 76: Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss why rural voters have become more more Republican over the past 25 years and whether there's anything Democrats can do to reverse that trend. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Can anything be done to assuage rural rage? by Paul Krugman, The New York Times The politics of resentment: Rural consciousness in Wisconsin and the rise of Scott Walker, by Katherine J. Kramer A boring and obvious way to get more rural votes, by Matt Yglesias, Slow Boring About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 75: Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss a recent study about happiness and whether the philosophy of the stoics can help us in our everyday lives. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Key to happiness is learning to accept things as they are, by Richard Kyte What the longest human happiness study found is the key to a good life, by Robert Waldinger and Marc Schulz, The Atlantic The happiest, least stressful, most meaningful jobs in America, by Andrew Van Dam, The Washington Post What is stoicism? A definition and nine stoic exercises to get you started, Daily Stoic A 2,300-year-old philosophy stoicism has enjoyed a revival of late, especially in Silicon Valley, by John Metcalfe, The Washington Post About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 74: A recent column in the New York Times, in which a grandmother said she was losing sleep about her 9-year-old granddaughter walking home alone from school, caused quite an uproar on social media. Host Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss how parents often wrongly evaluate risk and how a Japanese TV show builds up confidence in youngsters. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Why "Old Enough" is the show you should be watching right now, by Cady Lang, Time About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 73: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about the reactions from fans and the media after the on-field cardiac arrest of Buffalo Bills safety Damar Hamlin. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: A life without risk isn't worth living, by Richard Kyte What makes Americans so crazy about football?, by Randall Balmer, Dartmouth College The 10 most dangerous jobs in America, by OSHA NFL culture shift on full display after Hamlin collapse, by Jeff Tracy, Axios About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 72: Richard Kyte and Scott Rada discuss a recent study by the IRS that finds 88 percent of Americans say it's not at all acceptable to cheat on their taxes, but yet only 44 percent think it is their personal responsibility to report anyone who refuses to pay what they owe. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Don’t worry, the IRS isn’t hiring an ‘army’ of auditors — here’s what’s really happening, by Ryan Ermey, CNBC Trump's returns shed light on tax offsets, foreign accounts, by Michael R. Sisak, Jill Colvin and Chris Rugaber, The Associated Press About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 71: This is the time of the year when many of us make resolutions, and becoming better organized and cutting down on clutter is on many people's lists. Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada talk about why some people value tidiness, while others say a home filled with cherished items shows a life filled with meaning and memories. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Richard Kyte: What do the things in our lives say about us?, by Richard Kyte Clutter is good for you, by Rob Walker, The New York Times In praise of unfinished basements, by Brady Brickner-Wood, The New York Times The relationship between mental health and cleaning, by Sherri Gordon, Very Well Mind Slate Political Gabfest About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 70: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada are joined by Chris Lay to — perhaps foolishly – make their prognostications for the new year. Links to stories discussed during the podcast: Movie theater stocks plummet after modest ‘Avatar 2’ opening weekend, by Brian Welk, Indie Wire How unions are winning again, by Rani Molla, Vox About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, Chris Lay is Lee's podcast operations manager, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.

Episode 69: Hosts Richard Kyte and Scott Rada are joined this week by Chris Lay to review their prognostications about topics including vaccines, the Oscars and Donald Trump. About the hosts: Scott Rada is social media manager with Lee Enterprises, Chris Lay is the podcast operations manager for Lee Enterprises, and Richard Kyte is the director of the D.B. Reinhart Institute for Ethics in Leadership at Viterbo University in La Crosse, Wis.