Dr. Khor Hoe Ee, presently with Nanyang Technology University, with a long career in multilateral institutions and central banking, returns to Kopi Time. We begin with his recent writings, part of which has analysed the factors underlying the better-than-expected performance of the global economy in 2025, particularly Asia. Dr. Khor explains the role of the AI spending cycle, a powerful green transition dynamic, and an accommodating macro environment as key factors. We then talk about Singapore’s shock absorption capacity and the challenges with respect to the ongoing AI wave. We go over Singapore’s social imperative for inclusive growth and the policy menu. We conclude with the challenges facing Asean.