Are we the only life in the Universe? What are scientists doing to find out?
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Have you ever looked up at the night sky and wondered if there's life in other parts of the universe?
You mean, are aliens real?
Yeah? I mean some of these questions are so deep that no matter what the answer is, it's going to blow your mind.
So like, if there is life out there.
That would be totally mind blowing.
And if we're the only living beings in the.
Entire universe, oh my gosh, also mind blowing.
Hi am Jorge, and I'm Daniel, and I'm a cartoonist, former roboticist.
And I'm a particle physicist, which means I know things about particles and space and the universe, and I make up things about aliens.
Welcome to our podcast Daniel and Jorge Explain the Universe Today. On the program, we're asking the question are we alone in the universe?
Is there anyone else out there that thinks and feels and loves and slips on bananas? Or is it just us in the universe thinking and feeling.
Are we the only ones intelligent or somewhat intelligent in this entire universe?
At least? Do you think humans are intelligent? Jorge? I mean that says something about your right.
Bet. Well, it's a little bar.
Sometimes. I wonder if aliens have come to Earth and just sort of dismissed us as not intelligent life and moved on.
Yeah, They're like, oh my god, we don't want to associate with.
These these dumb rocks. So we were wondering about this question, and as usual, we went out we asked people on the street. We said, do you think we're alone in the universe or is there other intelligent life out there? What do you think?
Are we the only ones in the universe.
Here's what they had to say.
Definitely think there's other intelligence out there.
Why is that?
Well, first of all, I think it's kind of arrogant to think that we're the only ones here because it's a pretty big place.
I think it's possible that there's other intelligent life just because of how spacious the universe is. I think there's another intelligent life somewhere out there. Yeah. I think that because I think the universe is so big, and I don't know.
I just don't think it's possible that human is the only intelligent life.
Yeah, all right, so I think most people seem to be pretty optimistic about it, right, do.
You think that's optimistic. I was surprised that everybody believes in aliens, Like almost every single person thinks there is other intelligent life out there. Right. I was really shocked. I thought there's gonna be a lot more skepticism.
Really, a lot more like human centric people like were special.
Yeah.
Well, you know, America is a fairly religious nation, and the narrative of the mainstream Christianity is that humans were made in the image of God, and there's not a whole lot of plays in that narrative for other intelligent races.
Well, I guess there's nothing on the in the Bible that says that there aren't aliens, right.
Oh, that's true, I suppose, But are they human like or you know, other weird stuff or yeah, I suppose. Yeah. Anyway, it would be a fascinating moment and a reckoning for Christianity and most religions the day that we discover other intelligent life.
You and I should write that Extra Testament.
The Newest Testament, by Joorhan Daniel.
The Extra Terrestrial Testament, The Terestriment. But I was surprised by how subtle people's arguments were. You know, they were like, it's a big universe, so it'd be surprising if we were the only ones. Like, that's a very kind of subtle argument, right.
What's subtle about it? I mean they're just saying it it's huge, and so it's probably not empty, right, Yeah, there's a lot of interesting nuances there, like, yeah, it's big, but we don't know how rare life is, and so we have no idea. If being big means that there's a lot of life, we could still be the only ones. You know. What I'm really interested in is your comment. You said you thought they were optimistic, So you think having aliens out there is good news.
Well, I don't know if it's good news, but it's it's kind of like it sort of feels like the sadder option is that we're the only ones in the entire universe, right, Like there's something comforting emotionally about the fact that we're not the only ones out there, right, Like, you wouldn't want to be the only person in life in the universe. I don't know.
It depends how friendly they are. I know, if the other ferocious life out there waiting to kill us, I'm not sure I'd be too comforted knowing that they're not very far away and they could come over here and squish us in a moment.
Oh, I see, you're pessimistic about the optimistic scenario where we're not the only ones.
Yeah, the fact that we're not the only ones. If we discover that there is other intelligent life out there, I agree, it means something really fascinating and deep about life and intelligence and consciousness. But I'm not sure it would be good news for humans, you know. And what you said a moment ago is fascinating as well, because you say it would be comforting to think that there's other intelligent life out there. On the contrary, if we are the only intelligent life in the entire vast cosmos, that means we're quite special.
You know.
In the history of science, mostly the role of science has been to put humanity in its place. You know. Oh, the Earth is not the center of the Solar system. Oh, the Earth is not the center of the galaxy. Oh, this galaxy is one of zillions. So it turns out we're tiny little things living on a tiny speck in the middle of nowhere. Wouldn't it be amazing if science then put humanity right back in the center of importance and said we are special, We are the only intelligent life in the universe. We are basically the universe's brain. That would be a fascinating new role for science and sort of the you know, communal mindset.
I guess I don't have the same ego as a physicist, maybe, right.
Cartoonists are famously self defrecating, right, Yes, it doesn't take any ego to put your art online for millions to admire.
But yeah, I mean it's a big universe, and so it would be weird if we were the only ones. And so that's a big question, right, like why haven't we by now we've been listening to disguise and looking out there. By now, why haven't we heard from, or been contacted by, or seen evidence of other intelligent life forms?
Right, It's a famous question, and people call it the Fermi paradox from Forenrico Fermi, who first posited it. He said, the universe is huge, and it's old, and that's another important factor. The universe is old, and that means that even though it's pretty big, it doesn't take that long to get across it. Like take our galaxy, right, it's pretty big, but you could traverse it in you know, a couple million years if you had pretty good technology.
So by now we should have seen some passing cruise ship or ailing cruise ship or some sort of a probe or something by now.
Yeah, Like if I wanted to explore the galaxy, how would I do it? I would send out a probe which would then self replicate. It would like land on an asteroid and mine the materials to build two copies of itself, which would then land on an asteroid, which would then land on asteroids. So you get this exponential growth in these probes, and it only takes a few hundred thousand years to visit every single thing in the galaxy if you use that technique. So then the question is why haven't we been visited? If the galaxy is billions of years old and not that hard to get across in a fraction in the galaxy's lifetime, where is everybody? Right? So that's Fermi's famous question.
Right, right, And it's kind of related to this idea you mentioned earlier, which is that it sort of depends on the probability of things, like the probability that we would be contacted by life is equal to the probability that life can form and that it can do other things, right.
Right, And you have to sort of break the problem into pieces. And the guy who did that first is called Drake. And so there's this equation called the Drake equation, which tries to sort of compartmentalize the questions. It says, you know, the probability for us to be contact by aliens is the number of stars out there times the fraction of those stars that have Earth like planets, Right, That gives you the toll number of Earth like planets out there times the probability for life to be formed on those planets times the probability for that life to be intelligent times the probability for that life to have technology times the probability that we overlap in eras so that we can actually talk to them. So it's a lot of different pieces.
So it's like you have to stack these probabilities one on top of the other. Yeah, exactly, It's kind of like, what's the probability you're going to roll a two ones when you roll to die, and it's like you have to multiply the probability of rolling one in one die and then another one in another die, which is one six times one six, So it's there's like a one in thirty six probability you're going to throw a douce two ones and a pair of die exactly.
And the more pieces you have they have to line up, the harder the chances are. Even if you do something more likely, like flip a coin, right, what are the chances you're gonna flip a coin eight times and get eight heads in a row? Right? Well, not very high? You know, one over two to the eight is a small number. So even if all of those numbers are pretty big, it's the probability of all them together can be kind of small. Oh, I see.
It's like you have to flip a coin and get ahead, and then flip another coin and get ahead, and so that there's probability stack up. And if you have one coin that's like messed up, that's tails and both size and you'll never get all heads.
Right, that's right, And that's the calculation I think people were doing in their heads when we ask them is their intelligent life out there, and they thought, well, the first part of that number, the number of stars, is huge, and so it doesn't really matter what the other numbers are. I think that's the argument they were making. But I think that argument is pretty flawed. Actually, what do you mean it's flawed? Well, the first number is big, right, So how many stars are there in the universe? Well, every galaxy has about one hundred billion, which is, you know, already a totally infathomable number. Like it's just it's hard to even imagine, right, how many stars that is. Plus you have to multiply that by the number of galaxies in the universe, and in our observable universe, the part we can see is two trillion galaxies. So we're two trillion times one hundred billion.
It's a bazillion stars. That's the official that's right, technically, right, agagillion, and so I in fact, I think they've figured out that on any given star, the probability that there's an Earth like planet, there's like maybe three or four of them right per star.
Yeah, this is something we've only learned pretty recently because of the rise of this exoplanet science, where we can look at other stars and see the planets around them and try to estimate. We've seen enough now that we can start to estimate what fraction of those stars have an earth like planet, meaning a planet that's pretty rocky, reasonable size, and has a reasonable amount of solar radiation right fried to a crisp or totally chili. And Yeah, the fraction of stars that have an earth like planet is one in five.
One in five stars as an earth like planet.
Yeah, which is amazing because that takes that huge number two trillion times one hundred billion and just divides it by five, which still leaves an enormous number.
There's a huge amount of planets out there that are just like the Earth.
That's right, And we only learned this recently, you know, a few years ago, it could have been that earth like planets were super rare. That number could have been one over two gazillion, right. So the fact that the first number is big, that the number of stars is huge, doesn't guarantee that the whole number is big. Because if any of those numbers, the fraction that have earth like planets, the fraction that have life, the fraction have intelligent life, if any of those are tiny, then the whole number is tiny, right, so, but so far it's pretty big. Still number of stars times number of Earth like planets still an enormous number. But that's as far as we know. We really just don't know. Like, can you answer the question what fraction of Earth like planets have life? Life on them? That's a pretty basic question, right, You might ask a biologist, like, if you ran an Earth simulator one hundred times, how many times would you get life on it? We just don't know the answer to that question. It's one of the core questions in modern biology. And I'm speaking as a particle physicist who doesn't know that much biology except for being married to a biologist. But we still don't know they answer that very basic question.
So basically, she would say, you don't know anything.
She says that to me a lot, and she's usually right, not just by biology, that's right, it's more of a broader conversation that we have.
Before we keep going, Let's take a short break.
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But we sort of know a little bit about how life form, right, Like, you haven't planet like the Earth, and that maybe has water. It's in the right spot relative to the sun, it's not too hot, not too cold. It's called the Goldilocks planet. We sort of know a little bit about you know, you need this kind of primorial soup and eventually, at least on Earth, like some of those molecules kind of came together and became a life.
Yeah, that's true. We know what's necessary, but we don't know if it's sufficient. Right. So, you know, we know that you need liquid water, and you need basic amino acids, and you need some source of energy right to organize things, lightning or the sun or whatever. But we don't know if you put that all together, if you get life every time, or if it's a totally freak chance.
Right.
We justly we really have no idea how many times that happens. And people are studying this, you know, they do things like put that primordial soup or our understanding of it, in a test tube and zap it with electricity, and they see cool stuff happen, like basic amino acids, the building blocks of DNA and stuff they do form. But that doesn't make life, right, Life needs to be self replicating and has to have metabolism. But you know, there's a whole other question there about what is life anyway?
Well, so even if you can get life out of the primorial soup, you still have to have that live survive and evolve and become critters and beings and intelligent beings who can build radios and technology and harness and launch podcasts the city, Yeah, and launch podcasts and then get transmitted across the cosmos. Like that's that's a huge gap too, right, like a huge improbability.
That's right, We just don't know, and so we've already gone past our knowledge. Right, the fraction of planets that form life could be one and two, it could be one in a gazillion, Right, you're absolutely right, And then you're right that we don't know what fraction them make intelligent life, Like, yeah, we have the example here on Earth. We also know that that one example is highly dependent on a bunch of random events, like a meteor crashed in the earth and killed all the dinosaurs and made room for the mammals to evolve. Would the dinosaurs have become intelligent if we hadn't come around? Is it guaranteed that something becomes intelligent? Or is this just a total fluke and in a thousand different other similar earths without in a media or if the media or hit somewhere else, you wouldn't have intelligent life, where you'd have super intelligent life, or like dumb life or life all life would be dead. We just we really have no way to answer that question.
But even then, that's just a probability that there is life out there, right, Like you just need all those factors to add up to more than one in a gazillion, Like if it was two in a gazillion, there's probably definitely life out there. But then there's the other question of like why haven't we heard from them or contacted them or seen them right? Like it's kind of two separate questions like is their life out there?
Right?
And then there's a question of why haven't we seen it or had contact with it?
I like that thought. Let's assume that life is not so rare, and even that intelligent life is not so rare. Okay, So then we live in a universe filled with Earth life planets, right that have some sort of squishy, weird intelligent life on them, Right. And then the question is, if that's true, why haven't we heard from them? Right? Because, as we said earlier, it's not that complicated to make self replicating probes that explore the entire galaxy, So why haven't we heard from them? Yeah, And there's a lot of fun ideas there. Like my favorite hypothesis is that maybe we have heard from them and we just don't know. I mean, would we understand a message from space, I mean, in order to understand it, it would have to be in a language we recognize. It'd have to be in a communication medium we're looking for.
Like maybe they're sending us signals, but it's in some kind of thing that we don't even look for, like neutrinos or some other medium that's not light exactly.
We're listening to messages from the sky, we're not actually listening that hard, only listening to a tiny little slice of the possible messages we can get, and the message could be in a totally different medium, you're right. Or it could even be you know, in radio waves, which is what we're listening for, but just be undecipherable. I mean, what if aliens live thousands of years and so their messages last hundreds of years and we're hearing it. We're just hearing the first you know, few snatches of it, and we don't even recognize that it is.
I see, like maybe we're getting a message saying goudhs it go going, but like it's so slow if we don't even pay attention to it.
Yeah, Or it could be the reverse.
It could be like super fast, like super picosecond signals that we can even detect.
Yeah. Absolutely. We have actually in the past heard messages or heard things from space that we don't understand. One of my favorite stories is this message called the Wow signal.
Wow that's the scientific term.
It's literally called the because when somebody heard it, they wrote wow down on a piece of paper when they saw it, and it was exactly the kind of signal you would expect to get from space if they were aliens. It was in the I think it was in nineteen seventy seven, and they had a telescope and they heard this extraordinarily loud and intense burst of radiation well above the background and nothing they had seen like that before.
Wow.
And you know, they said, is it a satellite? Is it something reflecting off this? Is it something weird bounce off the moon? Is it something else? And they ruled out all those possibilities and they recorded it. Yeah. Absolutely, So we have the data, but nobody knows if it comes from an intelligent life or not, because first of all, it was never repeated, so we only heard it once and we can't decipher it. It's very short. We don't know what it means. So without being able to decipher it, it could just be like, you know, some weird emission structure to it. Yeah, it has that we can determine, right, I mean, who knows how these things could be structured.
Something coded in a way that's totally alien to us.
Anything we get will be encoded. Like think about the message that we sent into space. I think about that a lot. Like we send messages into space, like on the Voyager probe and pioneer. Right, there's like the famous Golden Record.
That's where we send that satellite out there into space with like information about it, like a little note that says, call me maybe.
Maybe I'm crazy, Call me maybe. And I wonder, like, if you're an alien species, would you have any chance of deciphering that? Right? In order for that to work, we have to have some a lot of stuff in common about the way we think. And I think that's a critical factor. Is that, really all we're capable of discovering is life that's very similar to ours in the sense that it thinks the way we do, it uses math, and it communicates the way we do, and also that they want to communicate. I mean, there could be just be life out there that just doesn't care about finding other life, that's busy living their squishy, little eyeball life.
Right, Like we're the only extroverts in the universe, and most aliens that there are.
Like, why would you want to talk to other people? That's insane, that's right to just slam the door and pretend to not home. You know, we could be the weird ones in that perspective. And you know, we sent other messages into space when we got this wow signal. We can tell where in the sky it's coming from because from directionality of the antenna. And so people actually sent a response, like they beamed a response back into.
Space, was a response like what se again?
It was new phone? Who dis.
So that's one possibility is that, like, even if there is intelligent life out there and there are signals to be seen, it's just too alien for us to even recognize or process or be able to decipher.
That's right. And I think that's honestly likely because it's hard for us to imagine things that are really alien to us. I mean, like look at all of our science fiction, right, It usually the aliens are like some variation on humans with like fuzzy eyebrows or pointy ears or something, because it's difficult to extrapolate that far into the unknown. I mean even here on Earth, people travel to other countries and they're like shocked at the weird stuff people eat and the way they talk and how they sleep and what they wear, and like even human cultures are bizarre and alien to us if we're not familiar with them, right, And I love traveling for that reason that you discover what's universal about being human and what's just like totally arbitrary and made up about your culture? And that's one of the amazing things about aliens.
Like what stuff that everybody does and what stuff that only you for some reason do or your culture?
Yeah, exactly, Like everybody needs caffeine in the morning of some kind, right, but only we drink this water from a weird bean on a tree, right. And so if we discovered aliens, then we would learn so much about you know, what is common in life, Like how they do they use math to think? Do they have scientists? Right? You know? Are they spiritual? Do they see color? Do they have two genders? Nine genders, no genders? Like what is basic and similar in life and what is totally different? That would be so fascinating.
That's pretty cool to think about. Yeah, there's another possibility like maybe there's life out there, but the universe is so big and so vast and so old that the chances of us hearing about them or contacting them is just too small.
I don't like that one because I feel like eventually somebody's going to invent the self replicating probe. Your civilization doesn't even have to survive. You could just send out that probe and eventually it'll contact everybody in the galaxy.
I like how you're thinking like a physicist. I'm thinking like an engineer, and I'm like, self replicating probes. That's an impossible engineering feed. Are you kidding me?
Is that what engineers do? They say things are impossible? No, you can't have this, you can't have this, you can't have this. How hard is that? I mean, all you got to do is land on an asteroid, mine some materials, build a factory.
Yeah right, come on, and sure, that's super easy. I mean we can look in doing it for a long time. Why not.
I'm gonna call Elon Musk and I'm sure you'll have a you'll start a company to do it tomorrow.
Ye, and ask him how those self driving cars are doing.
Hey, when you're done building model threes, can we build self replicating probes that explore the galaxy. And while we're at it, let's give them artificial intelligence so they can interact with the aliens and answer their questions. That would be pretty awesome.
Yeah.
Yeah, Well, this is a perfect point to take a break. We'll be right back in a minute. When you pop a piece of cheese into your mouth or enjoy a rich spoonful of Greek yogurt. You're probably not thinking about the environmental impact of each and every bite, but the people in the dairy industry are. US Dairy has set themselves some ambitious sustainability goals, including being greenhouse gas neutral by twenty to fifty That's why they're working hard every day to find new ways to reduce waste, conserve natural resources, and drive down greenhouse gas emissions. Take water, for example, most dairy farms reuse water up to four times the same water cools the milk, cleans equipment, washes the barn, and irrigates the crops. How is US Dairy tackling greenhouse gases. Many farms use anaerobic digestors that turn the methane from maneure into renewable energy that can power farms, towns, and electric cars. So the next time you grab a slice of pizza or lick an ice cream cone, know that dairy farmers and processors around the country are using the latest practices and innovations to provide the nutrient dense dairy products we love with less of an impact. Visit usdairy dot com slash sustainability to learn more.
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I think the idea is that it's like we're in an ocean, right, Like if you're stranded in the ocean on a raft, Like, what are the chances you're going to run into other people stranded in a raft?
It's pretty small, right, depends how many rafts there are, right.
But also there's not just like the space of it, there's also the age of it, right, Like maybe we are alive right now in a moment that's after the most populous time in the universe, Like maybe everybody was alive a few billion years ago, or maybe everyone's going to be alive a few billion years from now, But right now we're maybe like the first ones at the party or.
Something, yeah, or the last ones yeah. And that's the last element in that Drake equation, right, It is the probability that we're alive at the same time to communicate, And you're right in terms of how long we've been around and like listening to this guy and talking to it, it's a tiny fraction of the life of the universe. And then you have to wonder, like how long is humanity going to be around and receptive to messages? Is it going to be fifty years which is all we've had so far, or fifty thousand years even still, which would be a tiny fraction. So you're right, it could be that life flourishes and intelligent life is created and then you know, destroys itself every time, and so that these things don't last very long, which would make it difficult to talk to each other. Yeah. Yeah, but boy, that's not very optimistic.
The idea that maybe life is super popular in the universe, but it all eventually like kills itself.
That's right, blows itself up in a glorious fire way.
Yeah, Like maybe there've been other civilizations that have followed the exact same steps we have, you know, like evolved made cars.
You're about to say that Donald Trump is inevitable? Is that what you're saying is it's a universal truth that every civilization creates Donald.
Trump eventually Trump is an alien. That would explain a lot. But like it is like at some point all civilizations eventually maybe like learn how to split the atom and then they all blow each other up inevitably.
It's possible, But again, I think that's just extrapolation from our experience. You know, that's the kind of things humans do, right, So we like to think, well, probably everybody does that, but we really don't know, right, Remember, we really have no idea. I mean, it could be that other aliens don't have such a defined sense of individuality, right, I mean, we have this notion that I'm me and you are you, and there's this biological difference defined by our skin. But that's a biological that's a conclusion from a biological artifact, right with this skin that we have, and other beings could be like more fluid, where like the nature of an individual depends on who's near each other, and so their concept of like resource sharing and therefore war is totally different and maybe very unlikely that they kill themselves. So we just don't know, but it's it's certainly possible that life is flourishing and destroying itself very rapidly.
Well. I also, I thought the craziest idea that I read out there was this idea that maybe the universe is teeming with life, but nobody wants to talk to us, like some now we're in a bubble where they're like, let let's not even touch these guys, or or there's an idea out there that we're like in a zoo or something.
Oh, I hate that idea. Oh my god, I hate that. Not because I think it's wrong. I think it's actually pretty reasonable and clever, but how frustrating, right. I mean, I said earlier that meeting aliens would be dangerous, and I think that probably would be. But that doesn't mean I wouldn't want to. I mean I would love to meet aliens. We could learn so much about the universe and physics and math and life. So if they're out there and could contact us and they're just not because we're lame, boy, that would be pretty disappointing.
That would be a crush to our self image. So I think it would be comforting to know that we're not alone in this universe, right, Like to the idea, it's kind of like having an older sibling or something. You know, somebody who's been through it, who sort of maybe has some more knowledge than we do. I think that would be cool. But you're thinking that maybe it might be dangerous to contact other life forms.
Absolutely, I think it would be dangerous. The history of contact between different cultures is that the more advanced one always crushes the lesser advanced one. And if we're going to contact aliens, more likely they're going to come to us, then we're going to get to them, which means they are the more advanced. And you know what that means, right, I mean, think about the way we treat lesser intelligent creatures.
Right.
We domesticate them. Right, Dogs and chimpanzees don't have rights in our society, and we argue that they're less intelligent. We even eat some less intelligent creatures, right, So when aliens come, do we apply that same morality to them and say, well, yeah, you guys are twice as smart as us, so go ahead and make us your pets and eat however many of us you want, right, I think that's the most likely outcome.
I see, Like, if you run into less intelligent species, you're most likely your thought is it's not Hey, let's bring these guys up and show them all we can do more like slave labor or something.
Like that, exactly. Look, resources, Yeah.
We've been traveling on the spaceship for millions of years. Finally we get to eat something warm.
Yeah, that's right, roasted human. That's my concern. And you know, we have sent messages into space, and I think that's kind of dangerous. I mean, you're like advertising where you are and who you are and the fact that you're pretty clueless. So imagine, for example, say the universe is teeming with life and nobody's contacted us just because nobody knew we were here, and then we just on the edge of our technological capabilities to contact people, we announce ourselves, Hey, everybody, look at us. We're totally weak and helpless. Then you know what's going to happen, You're exactly exactly. Imagine dropping a baby into the most dangerous neighborhood on Earth, Right, it's gonna scream and cry, and then what's going to happen. Well, it's very unlikely somebody kind hearted is going to pick it up and take care of it. So again, I don't know if finding intelligent life in the universe is an optimistic or pessimistic viewpoint.
So it doesn't seem likely that we will ever contact or talk to or learn a lot. So maybe the lesson here is that we should learn to be by ourselves in a way, you know, like, don't expect some civilization to save us or to destroyers. Maybe the lesson is to really just kind of own being alone and take responsibility for our existence here on Earth.
Yeah, I think The best case scenario would be if we discover intelligent life, you know, we develop technologically, we move on to other planets, maybe we explore the galaxy, we build those self replicating probes, and then we discover alien life and we learn from them. I think that would be the best case scenario for humans.
To be the colonizers, not in the colonize ease.
Well, I hope by that time, you know, we will have developed the higher morality and we will you know, not take advantage of those squishy, little cute aliens we discover around whatever planet. But yeah, I think be better if we found them before they found us, for sure. But I would also love to see another planet and to meet aliens and to get to talk to them. But you know, every time I see a science fiction movie where there's aliens, I'm always amazed at how it always takes like six minutes for them to figure out how to talk to each other.
You know, you just raise your hand, part your fingers and that's it, right, Live long and prosper well. Whether we are alone or we're one of many, go out there and enjoy the experience.
Of being and to our alien listeners. If you're going to come to Earth. Please arrive gently.
Eat something before you get here, that's right.
Fill up for the trip please, yeah.
Please, thanks a lot.
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