Idle-Stop Systems

Published Aug 13, 2009, 7:04 PM

An idling car is remarkably inefficient, and gets zero miles per galloon. Luckily, idle-stop systems might be the next step in car technology, saving drivers millions of dollars over time. Learn more in this podcast from HowStuffWorks.com.

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Go behind the wheel and under the hood on everything automotive with High Speed Stuff from how Stuff Works dot com. Hey Scott, welcome back, Thanks Ben. How are you doing. I'm doing really well man. Usually we say welcome back to the listeners and welcome back to you guys as well, but also, you know, thanks for dropping by. Yeah, we'd like to talk to each other. Sometimes you not other than never mind, Yeah, it's not. It's not all business. Sometimes sometimes I'll say, hey, how how is your date? Or how is that sandwich? Good example. I'm just saying. I'm just saying we practice things that aren't car questions. But of course we know what we're here to do today, and that is to learn a little bit more about about cars, about vehicles in general. Um and usually since the name of the podcast is high Speed Stuff, we talk about things that are speed related. Can you feel this segue? I can. I can see it coming. This is uh yeah, well I had an epic one plan, but let's let's let's keep it a little truncated. I don't want to rip off stuff. You should know is you know they've they've got the segway thing down. So we had a really interesting topic today um that we have an article coming out on uh, idle stop systems. Yeah, that's right, idle stop systems, and you probably you probably are familiar with it. You've you've probably heard the term mild hybrid, right, yes, but I think I heard you say it and I didn't ask you what it meant. Okay, Well, there's a difference between mild hybrids and full on hybrids. Full on hybrids or we've talked about those in the past. Um, you know there's a gas motor or diesel motor, I guess, and um, an electric motor that drives the wheels, you know, combination the T one or the other, you know that type of thing. Mild hybrid systems. That's not the case. And my old hybrid system Um, really just the gasoline engine is the only method of propulsion, I guess. You know, that's the only thing that's power or the wheels. However, it does have a system that can shut down the vehicle, the engine when it's at idle huh. Yeah, totally stops it, which is really cool. So it's it's just it's tremendous fuel savings, that's what it amounts to. Really but wait, wait, wait, isn't that bad for a car over time? Because I know back uh, I think it was when my grandparents first got a car to save gas when things that would do was turn the car off when they were going downhill, or turn it off instead of idoling at a stop light or stop sign. Uh. Well they were in a small town. It was probably just stop signs. So uh, I was under the impression that that was bad for cars, the frequent turning off and on. You know, I've always heard that too, UM, and that may be the case with older starter systems. This is a newer, I guess, a more powerful electric starter UM, which is um just it's a bigger system. Really, it's it's a more sturdy system because it's designed specifically for this. UM. I don't know if that's really a great way to describe that away, but UM, what I'm trying to say is that it's designed specifically to restart the vehicle over and over again, and it's really the most efficient way to do it, because you don't want a car sitting at idle for too long. Because if you think about it, idle is UM that's zero miles per gallon. That's that's the that's the most inefficient that your vehicle can be at any given time. It's it's uh, um, stop and go traffic, that's that's rough on a car. But idling to sit in and aisling, Um that is that's that's bad news for mileage. That is a really good point. I never thought about that. And so what sounds like what we're saying here is that one of the reasons people would want this system really comes down to saving money or saving gas, saving fuel. Yeah, that's right, you you, Um, it increases fuel economy of course, and um, you know, it's just I guess it's better to not be sitting, idling and traffic and you know, just spooning carbon emissions the whole time while you're there as well. Um, because your engine is shut off. It's not like it's uh it's operating at a lower lower speed or anything like that, because really that's what is line is anyways. But you're just saving all the fuel that you would normally be burning as your engine is you know, coasting down to stop. Then when it's at stop, and then it doesn't turn on again until the very second that you hit the accelerator at the light. Okay, all right, that that sounds that does sound reasonable. But the question that comes immediately after that is this system safe or are these sorts of systems extremely safe? Yeah, there's nothing. There's nothing dangerous about it, really, because it's just an electrical system that really kicks in and and fires the starter, which then turns the engine. Um have you? Are you a golfer? I am aware of the sport. Okay, so just just about my level. I've played a few times. But I do know a little something about golf carts. Not much, a little bit, but um there are electric golf carts, of course, totally silent all the way around the course. Those are nice. They're also gasoline powered golf carts. And you've probably heard those before, right yes, okay, Um, well, if you're playing golf, a lot of people like it quiet, I guess right. Sure. So as soon as you let off the gas on a a gasoline powered cart, you think it would be idling, you know, noisily behind you the whole time. But that's not the case. Um, the engine shuts off. It's the exact same thing that we're talking about in a mild hybrid here. So a mild hybrid is essentially just like It operates just like a golf cart. If you ever ever driven a right rather a gasoline powered golf cart, that is really that's a mild hybrid golf cart. Weird. You know that's weird because I've I think golf carts are a load of fun. So I've probably driven golf carts more than some of my friends who golf. But I actually have, and you've never thought about that, right, I mean, because when you're when you're an idol, it's totally silent. That's a really good noise at all. But as soon as you hit the gasoline, you know, the the accelerator pedal rather um, the engine starts up magically and you're on your way, right, So is that how it works? It just sends an electric signal. It's just an electric signal right to the starter, an electric starter, which turns the engine, which begins the whole system, the whole process. It starts the engine again. Really, Okay, okay, alright, I'm with you. I'm with you. We're on the same page here. But I guess the next question is this something that we're going to run into? How how space age is this technology is a common? Is uncommon? I wouldn't say common yet, it's it's not. It's not terribly uncommon though either. And I'll explain to you in a moment, because um it's it's already in several vehicles, a few that you probably already know. It's in the two thousand seven Saturn View, the Great, the Green Line, it's the SUV version. UM. It's also in all European versions of the Mini right now, and it may be in a few here in the US. I'm not I'm not sure of the production what they're doing with that. UM Smart for two in Europe also uses the UM mile hybrid system, you know, the the Idle Stop and BMW one series cars, the Volkswagen citron Um. Another one that will mention a little while is the two thousand seven ship. I'm sorry that. Yeah, the two thousand five to two thousand seven Chevy Silverado uses a mild hybrid system, not a full hybrid system, but a mild hybrid system. UM. And it looks like I think UM, I heard that Audi is also using a mild hybrid system starting this year in two thousand nine. They've used it in A three, A four, and I think the A five, and I think they're going to do it in more vehicles, you know, in the upcoming year. Weird is this this? I mean when I say weird, I don't let me. I don't mean that the idea is weird. I mean it's weird that I had not heard of that. It's a little weird. It's it's a little strange because you know, you've got it. It kind of goes against what we've been told all along, because I've heard the same thing that you have, that you don't turn a car off and turn it back on use more fuel when you do that. I guess that's not the case. And I think that may have something to do with you know, fuel injection versus carburetion, and you know, if that makes need to use to prime the car, rater, etcetera. Um, I'm sure someone will tell me that I'm wrong on that, but you know, please do yeah, please do so wait wait, so this could actually be an example of Um, I guess this technology evolving to the point where it's not true anymore. It's like an old wives tale or old mechanics tale. Yeah that's right. Yeah, and it's and it's getting better than this. Even there's a there's a new example out there that, um, we should probably talk about. There's an example in our article as a matter of fact, the articles we have in our site, and it's the Mazda three and the mas of three uses an extremely advanced idle start stop system. Um, it's unlike any other system right now that's out of the market. Should we are we gonna go into this or even we need to look at the article? Well, no, no we don't. We don't need to look at the article. I've got I've got some notes here by the way. So, um, anyways, maza it's the Masa three and it will be available in late two thousand nine, and it's called they call it the Smart Idol Stop System or SIS S I S S and uh. Basically, what makes us completely unique is that instead of using electric or electricity rather to restart the engine via an electric motor, this engine uses the combustion again to start the engine, which which is kind of an unbelievable thought. Really, how how would that even be possible? But I'll briefly explain it and we'll see if you have any questions after this. Okay, break it down. Simple, I guess this is the most simple explanation is that UM uses. First of all, the engine uses direct injection. Okay, so fuel and air mixture is directed as it's directly into the cylinder versus into the intake manifold, and then you know through valves, etcetera. UM. So that that's key because when this vehicle a mans to three is coasting and arrives at it stopped, you know, it's a stop sign, red light whatever. UM, the engine course shuts down as it's on its coast down, just like a normal start stop system would do. However, it's got sensors within within the engine that sense exactly where every piston is located, and it can determine which piston is on which cycle of course waits. It finds the piston that is just past top dead center, which means it's already you know, it's got its you know, compression, compression is already complete, got it there, a fuel mixture ready to go, it's ready to fire, but it hasn't fired yet. So UM the only thing it's waiting for is a spark to ignite it. And you can see where this would be beneficial because then it determines which cylinder it needs to fire to kick that piston down, which then you know what kind of not primes, but it starts the engine by you know, with that with that force from that one piston. So it's an unbelievable system. It's really cool. That's crazy. Yeah, that's I don't know, man, that's a little bit too much like artificial intelligence. You know, it's pretty it's pretty vancy, but really it's just it's just an idea of you know, just figuring out where each of the pistons are and what cycle they're in. And I mean the other cool thing about this is that it it knows to rotate so that it's not always the same piston that's firing, so that it doesn't know unevenly where the engine. So it knows that if I fired, you know, if I if I fired on the first cylinder last time, I'm gonna go on you know, cylinder number three this time. And you think that'd be a big deal, you know, how does it do that? But when you're talking about firing an engine, it's really you're talking just milliseconds between or you know, whatever fractions of a second between firing. So um, it can determine when to stop this or when you know when it when it decides to shut down, so that the appropriate piston is in the right spot. It's it's pretty amazing. Will make that calculation? Yeah, yeah, it's really cool. Okay. And and maybe the biggest benefit of this is that um Mass is claiming that the restarts are a lot faster. They say that they can start their engine again within three fifty milliseconds. So if you're to stoplight, you hit the gas within three a few milliseconds the engine started again, and that's apparently that's half as fast as I'm sorry, I should say twice as fast. I guess as um uh, you know, conventional system would do this, so there instead of having like a slow or sluggish start, which is a complain of some people that have used these, like I guess. And again, you know a golf cart example, I've never driven you know, these other Mibrard cars, but um, I know when you hit the gas there is a little delay and then it goes um And I would think that a car would be less pronounced than a golf cart, of course, but um in the Master of three, apparently it's going to be you know, just quick. Yeah, could you even notice milliseconds? Oh? No, No, that's really really fast. We wouldn't even you would even detect that. I don't think. I mean, I know we both have cat like reflexes, but still that's asking a lot. I always laying on my feet, you do you I saw that earlier. That was weird when you dripped me. I look, man, it's my nature. But so do you think that these stems could become a commonplace feature in vehicles? Definitely, yeah, I do, especially if they become you know, advanced to this point. Now, this one, remember it uses direct injection, and I think that, you know, that's key to this one working, so until everybody starts using that type of system. But um, I really do think that people are gonna start using this more, or manufacturers where they're going to start including this more on other vehicles because it just it seems to make sense. You know, few economy numbers can go way up, and um, I think people will buy it. That's you know. I Uh, this is usually a part where I I say something crazy off the wall, but no, I I completely agree. I'm gonna I'm gonna play it straight laced on this one. This is a good idea. And uh, when I get a car again. Um, or when I get a new car, rather when I finally end my partnership with this Monte Carlo. Um, I'm probably gonna go for a car that's something like this very good, good for you. Maybe a smart car, be a mini something like that, something small. Are you gonna go big again? Get a Silverado? I don't know, man. I like those land yachts. I like those. I like those rolling boats. I used to. I drove a Bonneville for a while. Okay, so you're you're no stranger to uh you know, well, you probably have a tiller and that thing, right like uh, you know, like the Queen Mary or something. I I do. I have a crew that helps me drive that car. No. Um, but before we go, I guess you know, first, thank you for breaking this down so I can sound a little bit less uninformed. I'm not gonna say informed, but a little less uninformed. Um. But before we go, I think we've got a little bit of a listener mail today, right, Yeah, yeah, we do, we have a listener mail. I'm the only reason I'm saying it that way is because I've been I've been caught. I've been uh maybe not caught. Just know I made a mistake, and uh, some listeners kept me honest on it, which I'm I'm glad for. That's good, but uh, it's always a little rough to your wrong. I was wrong. I was wrong. Well, Scott, I didn't mean to bring you down like this. That's all right. I'm a little rough on myself. But anyways, if you remember, way back when we talked about the Toyota a bat oh, yes, yes, the hybrid truck. About the hybrid truck, I said that this would be the first hybrid truck on the market. Yes, yes, incorrect, incorrect, incorrect. The Chevy Silverado is the first hybrid truck on the market. So Chevy was the first one to do it. Um, I guess in my defense, I'm gonna have to say this, but um, this year is the first year for the full hybrid system on the Chevy Silverado. I just I forgot about it. My my mistake. But prior to this, from two thousand five to two thousand seven, it was not a true hybrid. It was a it was mild hybrid like what we're talking about here, we're talking about this episode. Yeah, that's right. So it's a good fit on this one and I figured that would wait until you know, we got to this topic to mention it. But um, anyways, a couple of listeners, UM, one was Neil and one was Luke. Um, you know who you are. Thank you for thanks for writing. And I appreciate it, I really do, because you anytime you catch something like that, let me know. UM, keeps us honest. Yeah, and we you know we're not We're not sore about about that right off, Scott. I think you're being a little bit hard on yourself there because I read that listener mail too. They didn't seem mad at you. Oh no, not at all, not at all. It was a nice mail. But you know, I just feel I feel a little silly when I, you know, neglect something like that, especially when I'm I'm saying this is gonna be the first one to do this, and you know, I I should have known not to say this is gonna be the first of this. That's something that well, that's the thing about technology, you know, it's very I'm sure the tech stuff guys can test, it's very difficult sometimes, UM to stay abreast. And you know, of course, for our listeners, we want you guys to know that your involvement is just as important as our own, and we love receiving mail, So if you have something that that we tripped over, you want to write it right into us about or you know, if you think we're doing a good job, we could always use the ego boost. Or if you like to hear us report on any other topic vehicle or automotive related, please send us an email at high Speed Stuff at how stuff works dot com. For more on this and thousands of other topics. Is that how stuff works dot com. Let us know what you think, Send an email to podcast at how stuff works dot com and be sure to check out the High Speed Stuff blog on the how stuff works dot com home page

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