Across many regions, including Southern Africa and parts of Europe, migration has become a flashpoint for social unrest, political contestation, and economic anxiety. Yet, there is a growing argument that the long-term solution lies not in reactionary measures, but in strengthening democratic institutions, building inclusive economies, and fostering dialogue across borders.

The question is whether governments are doing enough to address the root causes of migration and whether current responses are sustainable in the face of rising pressure. 

Mpho Sithole spoke to Dr Tendai Mbanje from the Centre for Human Rights at the University of Pretoria.